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MANFRED HAFNER<br />
26<br />
TANAP, A PROJECTED 2,000 KM-LONG GAS PIPELINE WITH<br />
A CAPACITY OF 16 BCM/YEAR, HAS BEEN DESIGNED TO<br />
SUPPLY 6 BCM/YEAR TO TURKEY BY 2018 AND 10 BCM/<br />
YEAR TO EUROPE BY 2019.<br />
tination point in Italy, through<br />
Albania and the Adriatic Sea. 21<br />
The length of the Greek section will<br />
be 547 km, the length of the Albanian<br />
section will be 211 km and the<br />
length of the offshore pipeline section<br />
will be 105 km, at a maximum<br />
depth of 820 mt. The initial capacity<br />
of the pipeline will be about 10 bcm<br />
of gas per year, but in the future the<br />
addition of two extra compressor<br />
stations could double throughput<br />
to more than 20 bcm/year as additional<br />
energy supplies will come on<br />
stream in the wider <strong>Caspian</strong> region.<br />
The pipeline will also have the socalled<br />
“physical reverse flow” feature,<br />
allowing gas from Italy to be<br />
diverted to South East Europe if<br />
energy supplies are disrupted or<br />
more pipeline capacity is required<br />
to bring additional gas into the region.<br />
Moreover, the TAP project also<br />
includes plans to develop an underground<br />
natural gas storage facility<br />
in Albania. These features will ensure<br />
additional energy security for<br />
South-Eastern Europe.<br />
TAP’s shareholding is comprised<br />
of BP (20%), SOCAR (20%), Statoil<br />
(20%), Fluxys (16%), Total (10%),<br />
E.ON (9%) and Axpo (5%). TAP<br />
plans to commence pipeline operations<br />
in 2020, in time for first<br />
gas exports from Shah Deniz II. 22<br />
THE IMPACT OF THE SOUTHERN<br />
GAS CORRIDOR ON THE EU<br />
GAS SECURITY OF SUPPLY<br />
ARCHITECTURE<br />
The historical evolution of the Southern<br />
Gas Corridor, and particularly<br />
the rise and fall of Nabucco, clearly<br />
exemplifies how the original idea of<br />
a multilateral and large-scale project<br />
based on a variety of gas supply<br />
sources, turned out to be a bilateral<br />
and medium-scale project with only<br />
one supply source, Azerbaijan. This<br />
evolution does not completely fulfill<br />
the interest of the EU, not only be-<br />
FIGURE 2<br />
The Final Shape of the Southern Gas Corridor<br />
Source: Oil and Gas Journal (<strong>2014</strong>).<br />
21.<br />
The pipeline routing is not yet final and will be further refined in all countries.<br />
22 .<br />
See: www.trans-adriatic-pipeline.com
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