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Figure 2: Turkey’s Map for its Wind Potential<br />
(Turkey is surrounded by the Black Sea, Aegean and the Mediterranean)<br />
Source: Google<br />
31.500 MW (Energy Ministry <strong>2014</strong>).<br />
Its installed capacity for power generation<br />
in 2012 was 114.2 MW (Energy<br />
Ministry 2012), compared with<br />
77 MW in 2009 (TTK 2012) and just<br />
17.5 MW in 2002 (Energy Ministry<br />
2012). The first geothermal power<br />
station in Turkey was constructed<br />
in 1984, at that time only the second<br />
one in Europe; the first was in<br />
Italy (TMMOB-MMO 20<strong>08</strong>). Turkey<br />
has also been utilising geothermal<br />
energy as a source for heating and<br />
as a thermal source for its tourism<br />
and health sectors. In 2012, for example,<br />
the country used 4.809 MWt,<br />
compared with 3.100 MWt in 2004<br />
(Energy Minister 2012).<br />
In terms of solar energy, Turkey is<br />
very sunny country. The sunniest region,<br />
Southeast Anatolia, gets 2.993<br />
hours/year of sunshine and even<br />
the least sunny region, the Black<br />
Sea, gets 1.971 hours/year. Thus<br />
the annual average is 2.482 hours<br />
117<br />
CASPIAN REPORT, FALL <strong>2014</strong><br />
Figure 3: Developing Wind Energy in Turkey between 1998-2012<br />
Source: TUREB (2012)
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