Syngress - Eleventh Hour Network+ Exam N10-004 Study Guide (11 ...

98 CHAPTER 6 TCP/IP and Routing
Subscriber
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1.5 3 3 clients 5
4.5 Mbps
Server
1.5 Mbps
1.5 Mbps
1.5 Mbps
1.5 Mbps
1.5 Mbps
1.5 Mbps
FIGURE 6.2
Unicast network video
feed example
Subscriber
3
Non-Subscriber
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Unicast traffic is the transmission of data from one host to another, one
host at a time. Characteristics of unicast traffic are as follows:
■ A one-to-one session between one host and another, such as a client and
server arrangement.
■ It will not transmit to every computer on a network.
■ Multiple requests for the same conference or data would cause that data
to be pushed across the network media at the same time to multiple
targets. An example of this is shown in Figure 6.2.
Broadcast traffic is the broadcast traffic sent to all computer systems that
can be reached on the network. Characteristics of broadcast traffic are as
follows:
■ Each host receiving the broadcast has to process the broadcast traffic.
■ If a host does not require the broadcast traffic data, the host will still
accept the datagram and then determine what to do with it – accept it or
reject it.
■ Routers filter (block) broadcast traffic by default. Broadcasts must be
explicitly allowed to traverse routers.
UNDERSTANDING BASIC IP ROUTING
As you prepare for the exam, be sure that you know the following key terms
related to IP routing:
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Routing The process of sending a packet to its destination.
Router A device that forwards packets from one network to another.
Gateway A gateway connects one thing with another.