Syngress - Eleventh Hour Network+ Exam N10-004 Study Guide (11 ...

160 CHAPTER 10 Network Troubleshooting
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remote host using the route command, you need to configure the following
information:
■ Destination The destination that this route statement is designed to
reach.
■ Mask This indicates the subnet mask for the route’s destination.
■ Gateway The IP address that packets will be forwarded to for this route.
■ Metric This specifies the metric or cost of a particular route, from 1 to
9999. The higher the metric, the less likely the computer is to use a
particular route.
■ Interface This indicates the IP address of the NIC that should be used to
reach the destination specified in this route.
Some of the available command-line switches:
■ route print This switch displays a copy of the local computer’s routing
table.
■ route add This switch adds a route to a remote network.
■ route change This switch changes the metric of the route you just created.
■ route delete This switch deletes a route that you’ve created.
■ route–f This switch will clear any routes to destination networks that are
currently in the routing table.
■ route–p This switch will make the entry you’re adding to the routing table
persistent, which ensures that the route will remain in memory until you
manually delete it.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) SNMP is a protocol used
to communicate status messages from computers and devices on your
network.
■ Machines that send these messages run SNMP agent software.
■ Machines that receive the status messages run SNMP management
software.
■ Allows you to audit the activities of servers, workstations, routers, bridges,
intelligent hubs, and just about any network-connected device that
supports SNMP agent software.
■ Uses a Management Information Base (MIB) database to describe which
kinds of information should be gathered from a particular device.
■ The SNMP agent must be queried by an SNMP management system for
most information.
■ A trap message is sent spontaneously by an SNMP agent to the SNMP
management system when an important event occurs. SNMP trap messages
are sent to UDP port 162.
■ A GET message is a request that is sent from an SNMP management system
that requests information from an agent.
■ A SET message will allow the SNMP management system to write changes
to an MIB, and therefore extend its information-gathering abilities.
■ SNMP GET and SET messages communicate on UDP port 161.
■ To control which machines receive SNMP trap messages, you will configure
an SNMP community name and a trap destination, which is the