Syngress - Eleventh Hour Network+ Exam N10-004 Study Guide (11 ...

Networking Protocols 85
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Hypertext Transport Protocol
■ It is a protocol used to transfer files used on the Internet to display Web
pages.
■ It uses port 80 for communication.
■ Utilizing Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) traffic may be encrypted and
transmitted across port 443. This is known as HTTP Secure (HTTPS).
Network News Transfer Protocol
■ It allows servers and clients to exchange information in the form of news
articles.
■ NNTP is implemented as an application layer client/server protocol.
■ Remember that NNTP uses port 119 for communication.
File Transfer Protocol
■ It is a protocol used to transfer files from one host to another, regardless
of the hosts’ physical locations.
■ One of the problems with FTP is that it transmits users’ passwords in clear
text, so it is not a secure protocol.
■ Two separate connections are established for an FTP session. Command
information is transmitted over TCP port 21 while the actual data is sent
over TCP port 20.
Domain Naming System
■ It is used to resolve a host name to an IP address to facilitate the delivery
of network data packets.
■ It is the protocol used on the Internet to resolve host names to IP
addresses.
■ The HOSTS file is a plain text file which contains a mapping of computer’s
host name with an IP address. This static file was used prior to the
implementation of Domain naming system (DNS) for name resolution.
■ Remember that DNS uses port 53 (both TCP and UDP) for communication.
Routing Information Protocol
■ It is used to exchange routing information among IP routers.
■ Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a basic routing protocol designed
for small- to medium-sized networks. It does not scale well to large
IP-based networks (including the Internet).
■ RIP uses port 520.
Network Time Protocol
■ It is a protocol that provides a method for transmitting and receiving an
accurate time source over TCP/IP-based networks.
■ Remember that Network Time Protocol (NTP) uses port 123 for communication.
Do not confuse this with NNTP, which uses port 119.
Simple Network Management Protocol
■ It is used for communications between a network management console
and the network’s devices, such as bridges, routers, and hubs.
■ SNMP employs a management system/agent framework to share relevant
network management information.