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mArket introdUction
42 Renewable Energy Sources in Figures
Expanding the use of renewables in the heat and mobility
sectors: Legislation, promotion and impacts
The Act on the Promotion of Renewable Energies in the Heat Sector (Erneuerbare-
Energien-Wärmegesetz)
In view of the great importance of the heat market, the expansion of renewable energy
has a central role to play here: some 55 % of final energy requirements in Germany are due
to the heat market. The main instrument for increasing the proportion of renewable energy
in the heating market is the Act on the Promotion of Renewable Energies in the Heat Sector
(EEWärmeG) in combination with the market incentive programme (MAP). The Act entered
into force on 1 January 2009.
The Renewable Energies Heat Act aims to ensure that by the year 2020 at least 14 % of heat
in Germany is generated from renewable energy sources. This is intended to reduce CO 2
emissions in the energy supply sector, conserve resources and make a contribution to reliable
and sustainable energy supplies. In addition to individual incentives for improving expansion
of local and district heating networks, the Act is essentially based on two pillars:
Firstly, owners of new buildings constructed since 1 January 2009 must use a certain minimum
percentage of renewable energy sources for their heat supplies. This requirement can
be met by all forms of renewable energy capable of being used to generate heat, including
combinations thereof. Thus owners may use heat from solar radiation energy, geothermal
energy, ambient heat and biomass to satisfy the requirements. Instead of renewable energy
sources they may also use other climate-friendly measures, known as “substitute measures”:
This means the use requirements can also by met by using heat from co-generation, exhaust
heat or district heating, and also by means of better heat insulation going beyond the stand-