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WORLD: ENERgY SUPPLY 84 Renewable Energy Sources in Figures Global energy supply from renewable energies Structure of global final energy consumption in 2008 Fossil Fuels 80.6 % Nuclear energy 2.8 % RE Share 16.6 % Solid biomass 12.1 % Other renewables 0.3 % Biogas 0.2 % Wind energy 0.2 % Hydropower 3.3 % Biofuels 0.6 % The renewable share of global final energy is larger than the renewable share of global primary energy. This is partly due to traditional biomass, which consists wholly of final energy consumption. The size of the renewable share of primary energy also depends on the method used to calculate the primary energy equivalent of the renewable energy sources. Statistics on final energy consumption usually only show the consumer shares. This diagram shows the breakdown by individual energy sources and is calculated on the basis of various IEA statistics. The shares shown are merely intended to indicate the relative scale of the individual components. Other renewables = geothermal, solar and marine energy Source: after IEA [104] In 2008 one sixth of global demand for final energy was already being satisfied by renewable energy sources. With a total share of around 12.9 %, biogenic energy sources were the dominant renewable resource. This large share is due above all to traditional use of biomass. About 3.3 % is due to hydropower, and the remaining share of 0.4 % is spread among the other renewable energy technologies. The development of global final energy consumption follows the trend of primary energy consumption, which has more than doubled since 1971 (2008: approx. 513,500 PJ). In 2008 alone, global demand for energy increased by 1.9 %, or in absolute figures by 9,390 PJ (for comparison: AGEB [2] estimates total primary energy consumption in Germany in 2010 at 14,044 PJ). In 2008 the share of global primary energy consumption accounted for by renewables stood at 12.8 %, the same level as in 2002.
Renewables-based energy production [PJ] Development of global renewables-based primary energy production and the renewables share of primary energy consumption 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 12.6 1980 12.7 1990 PEC calculated by the physical energy content method 1) Including biogenic fraction of waste Source: IEA [104] 12.9 12.9 12.8 12.7 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.8 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 13.0 12.9 12.8 12.7 12.6 12.5 12.4 12.3 WORLD: ENERgY SUPPLY Renewables’ share of PEC [%] Wind Renewable Energy Sources in Figures Other renewables Hydropower Biomass 1) Share of RE 85
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Renewable Energy Sources in Figures
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ContEntS Foreword 5 pArt i: GErmAnY
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ForEWorD Dear Readers, The consiste
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WorKinG GroUp on rEnEWABLE EnErGiES
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Expansion of power grids In future
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Renewable energy share increases de
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Renewable energy shares of energy s
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Structure of renewables-based energ
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Development of electricity generati
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Shares of total renewables-based in
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Development of heat supply from ren
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Development of renewables-based fue
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In the case of electricity and heat
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Emission balance of renewables-base
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Emission balance for renewables-bas
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Emission balance for renewable-base
Page 33 and 34: The tables show details of the savi
Page 35 and 36: Trends in investments in renewable
Page 37 and 38: Initial and further training in the
Page 39 and 40: In retrospect, important assumption
Page 41 and 42: [tWh] electricity feed-in/eeg Struc
Page 43 and 44: ards of the Energy Saving Ordinance
Page 45 and 46: Assistance funding and resulting in
Page 47 and 48: Environmental damage from emission
Page 49 and 50: Some of the costs and benefits of r
Page 51 and 52: Promotion of research and developme
Page 53 and 54: potentIal capacItIes Long-term sust
Page 55 and 56: Structural challenges: Expansion of
Page 57 and 58: PART II: RENEWABLE ENERGIES IN THE
Page 59 and 60: The National Renewable Energy Actio
Page 61 and 62: Structure of total renewable energy
Page 63 and 64: Structure of final energy consumpti
Page 65 and 66: A competitive, sustainable and secu
Page 67 and 68: Development of the share of renewab
Page 69 and 70: Renewables-based electricity supply
Page 71 and 72: Wind energy use in the EU Installed
Page 73 and 74: At the end of 2010, total wind ener
Page 75 and 76: equivalent to an additional collect
Page 77 and 78: In 2009 Observ’ER [101] puts the
Page 79 and 80: Jobs in the renewable energies sect
Page 81 and 82: The examples of wind energy and pho
Page 83: Development of world population and
Page 87 and 88: Renewables-based shares of energy d
Page 89 and 90: 2009 Rural areas Persons using trad
Page 91 and 92: In 2008, the renewables share of el
Page 93 and 94: Renewable Energy Policy Network for
Page 95 and 96: Clean Energy Ministerial - CEM - Th
Page 97 and 98: 1. Energy supply from photovoltaic
Page 99 and 100: The emission factors for fossil and
Page 101 and 102: 5. Calculating avoidance factors an
Page 103 and 104: The gross saving in fossil fuels is
Page 105 and 106: 8. Organisation for Economic Cooper
Page 107 and 108: Conversion factors Terawatt hour: 1
Page 109 and 110: List of Sources Communications from
Page 111 and 112: [38] Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- u
Page 113 and 114: [92] Umweltbundesamt (UBA): Zentral
Page 115 and 116: [135] Sensfuß, F.: Analysen zum Me
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