broschuere ee zahlen en bf

More documents

Recommendations

Info

eU: electricity SUpply 70 Renewable Energy Sources in Figures Since the EU Electricity Directive came into force in 2001, the installed capacity available for generating electricity from renewable sources has increased by 6.6 % p.a., from 128 GW (2001) to 201 GW in 2008. At 57 %, hydropower has the largest share of the renewables portfolio in 2008, but over the period under consideration its average growth of 0.3 % was very small. With a capacity increase of 47.2 GW, wind energy has made a major contribution to the expansion of renewables-based electricity generation capacity. This technology grew at an average rate of 20.8 % per annum. The rapid expansion of the photovoltaic sector in the EU is documented by an annual growth rate of 65.2 %. In 2008 alone the installed capacity virtually doubled. The various technologies for biomass utilisation also showed considerable expansion, with biogas averaging 15.6 % per annum, and similar levels of 13.2 % for solid bio mass and 13.3 % for biogenic waste. Another renewable energy technology, namely solar thermal power plants, could also make an appreciable contribution in the years ahead. According to Observ’ER, at the end of 2010 installations with a capacity totalling 638.4 MW el were in operation in the EU. Most of this solar thermal capacity (632.4 MW el ) is located in Spain. Further installations with an additional total capacity of 998 MW el are currently being erected in Spain [142]. Installed capacity using renewable energy technologies in the EU for the years 2001 and 2008, and average annual growth rates Hydropower capacity roughly corresponds to the installed capacity of all the other re technologies combined. However, because the average growth rate of hydropower during the period in question was just 0.4 %, it is not included in the chart. Data on solar thermal power plants is not given as the installed capacity is very small. Sources: ZSw [1] after eurostat [98]
Wind energy use in the EU Installed wind energy capacity in the EU, 2010 (in MW) Portugal 3,702 EU-27 – 84,074 MW of which offshore 2,946 MW Ireland 1,428 Spain 20,676 Sources: EWEA [100]; GWEC [111] United Kingdom 5,204 Belgium 911 France 5,660 Netherlands 2,237 Lux. 42 Denmark 3,752 Germany 27,214 Czech. R. 215 Italy 5,797 Austria 1,011 Slovenia 0.03 Sweden 2,163 Poland 1,107 Slovakia 3 Hungary 295 Estonia 149 Latvia 31 Lithuania 154 Greece 1,208 Finland 197 Romania 462 Bulgaria 375 Asia 30 % America 24 % No wind power in Malta According to the European Wind Energy Association (EWEA), net additional wind energy capacity installed in the EU during 2010 came to 9,259 MW, some 10 % less than in 2009. Thus at the end of 2010, wind energy plants with a total capacity of 84,074 MW were installed in the EU [100]. Cyprus 82 global: 194,390 MW Australia/ Pazific 1 % 1) Of which: 43 % EU-27 2) Including Middle East The global wind energy market also slowed down in 2010 compared with previous years, according to the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC). Net capacity added totalled 35,802 MW, or 7 % less than in 2009. As in the previous year, China headed the Top Ten list of market players. With record additions of 16,500 MW it accounts for nearly half the global market volume. It is followed a considerable way behind by the USA, which with 5,115 MW only achieved half the previous year’s additional capacity. The other rankings with more than 1 GW were India (2,139 MW), Spain (1,516 MW), Germany (1,493 MW) and France (1,086 MW) [111]. EU: WIND ENERGY Renewable Energy Sources in Figures Africa 2) 1 % Europe 1) 44 % 71
Page 1 and 2:
Renewable Energy Sources in Figures
Page 3 and 4:
ContEntS Foreword 5 pArt i: GErmAnY
Page 5 and 6:
ForEWorD Dear Readers, The consiste
Page 7 and 8:
WorKinG GroUp on rEnEWABLE EnErGiES
Page 9 and 10:
Expansion of power grids In future
Page 11 and 12:
Renewable energy share increases de
Page 13 and 14:
Renewable energy shares of energy s
Page 15 and 16:
Structure of renewables-based energ
Page 17 and 18:
Development of electricity generati
Page 19 and 20: Shares of total renewables-based in
Page 21 and 22: Development of heat supply from ren
Page 23 and 24: Development of renewables-based fue
Page 25 and 26: In the case of electricity and heat
Page 27 and 28: Emission balance of renewables-base
Page 29 and 30: Emission balance for renewables-bas
Page 31 and 32: Emission balance for renewable-base
Page 33 and 34: The tables show details of the savi
Page 35 and 36: Trends in investments in renewable
Page 37 and 38: Initial and further training in the
Page 39 and 40: In retrospect, important assumption
Page 41 and 42: [tWh] electricity feed-in/eeg Struc
Page 43 and 44: ards of the Energy Saving Ordinance
Page 45 and 46: Assistance funding and resulting in
Page 47 and 48: Environmental damage from emission
Page 49 and 50: Some of the costs and benefits of r
Page 51 and 52: Promotion of research and developme
Page 53 and 54: potentIal capacItIes Long-term sust
Page 55 and 56: Structural challenges: Expansion of
Page 57 and 58: PART II: RENEWABLE ENERGIES IN THE
Page 59 and 60: The National Renewable Energy Actio
Page 61 and 62: Structure of total renewable energy
Page 63 and 64: Structure of final energy consumpti
Page 65 and 66: A competitive, sustainable and secu
Page 67 and 68: Development of the share of renewab
Page 69: Renewables-based electricity supply
Page 73 and 74: At the end of 2010, total wind ener
Page 75 and 76: equivalent to an additional collect
Page 77 and 78: In 2009 Observ’ER [101] puts the
Page 79 and 80: Jobs in the renewable energies sect
Page 81 and 82: The examples of wind energy and pho
Page 83 and 84: Development of world population and
Page 85 and 86: Renewables-based energy production
Page 87 and 88: Renewables-based shares of energy d
Page 89 and 90: 2009 Rural areas Persons using trad
Page 91 and 92: In 2008, the renewables share of el
Page 93 and 94: Renewable Energy Policy Network for
Page 95 and 96: Clean Energy Ministerial - CEM - Th
Page 97 and 98: 1. Energy supply from photovoltaic
Page 99 and 100: The emission factors for fossil and
Page 101 and 102: 5. Calculating avoidance factors an
Page 103 and 104: The gross saving in fossil fuels is
Page 105 and 106: 8. Organisation for Economic Cooper
Page 107 and 108: Conversion factors Terawatt hour: 1
Page 109 and 110: List of Sources Communications from
Page 111 and 112: [38] Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- u
Page 113 and 114: [92] Umweltbundesamt (UBA): Zentral
Page 115 and 116: [135] Sensfuß, F.: Analysen zum Me
show all

broschuere ee zahlen en bf

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?