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FIG. 37. Using the photometer to measure monitor luminance with a TG18-LN test pattern.(6) Turn off the monitors and measure the amount of ambient light (L A ) falling on the monitor face using theilluminance meter. If the ambient light measured has changed from the baseline value established for thereading room by more than 10 lx, adjust the room lighting until the ambient light level is within tolerance.Record the viewing conditions on the acceptable viewing conditions chart (Chart 15 in Annex II) and leave acopy on-site to be posted in the room.(7) If the photometer used is the near range contact type (not telescopic) the ambient luminance must bemeasured. With the monitor turned off, hold the photometer a distance from the monitor such that theacceptance angle includes the majority of the monitor face but excludes the monitor surroundings. Thisdistance will vary depending on the photometer design and monitor dimensions. Care must be taken to ensurethat the measurement is not affected by direct luminance sources outside the monitor face. Record theluminance reflected from the monitor face on Chart 14 in Annex II.(8) The automated spreadsheet in Chart 14 in Annex II will calculate and plot the test results and indicate whetherperformance is compliant with the GSDF.(9) The ratio of the maximum luminance to the minimum luminance, including the contribution from ambientlighting (contrast ratio), is also calculated by Chart 14 in Annex II.(10) If the workstation has paired monitors, repeat steps 2 through 8 for the second monitor.8.10.2.4. Recommendations and corrective actions(1) If the luminance response of the monitor(s) is unacceptable, the monitor(s) should be recalibrated. Ifrecalibration does not correct the problem, the monitor(s) may need servicing or replacement.(2) If the maximum luminance difference between paired monitors is greater than 10%, recalibration is required.(3) If the ambient light level is non-compliant, and especially if there is noticeable glare reflected off the display,the viewing area must be redesigned.126
TABLE 22. MONITOR PERFORMANCE TOLERANCESParameter Acceptable Achievable aMaximum luminance difference between paired monitors ≤10% ≤5%The contrast ratio (ratio between white target luminanceand black target luminance, including ambient light)Plot of compliance with GSDF (ΔL/L)/(jnd n – jnd n–1 )versus ((jnd n + jnd n–1 )/2)Average number of jnds per luminance intervalMaximum deviation from the average number ofjnds per luminance intervalRoot mean square deviation from the average numberof jnds per luminance intervalAmbient light level (L A ), orLuminance due to ambient light reflected fromthe monitor into radiologist’s eyes≥250:1≤10% of the response describedby DICOM soft copy GSDF≤3≤2≤1020≤ L A ≤40 lx
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X raysdel matrixCs scintillatorLine
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QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMMEFOR DIGI
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IAEA HUMAN HEALTH SERIES No. 17QUAL
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FOREWORDThe application of radiatio
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An effective QA programme is necess
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The Integrating the Healthcare Ente
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technology. Systems containing othe
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X raysTop electrodea-Se layerCharge
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dose received by inhomogeneous real
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2.3.8.1. Soft copy displayFlat pane
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3. ELEMENTS OF HIGH QUALITY MAMMOGR
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— The ability to mask edges of ma
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Disposal orsaleNew facility(start h
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4.2.3. Radiographer (mammography te
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5.2.2. Electronic versus geometric
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To allow full utilization of the di
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5.7. ARTEFACTSWhile the incidence o
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FIG. 10. Detector crystallization.
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FIG. 13. A more subtle example of a
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FIG. 16. An example of poor collima
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7. RADIOGRAPHER’S QUALITY CONTROL
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7.1. DAILY TESTS7.1.1. Monitor insp
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7.1.3. Daily flat field phantom ima
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7.1.4. Visual inspection for artefa
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7.1.5. Laser printer sensitometry7.
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7.1.6. Image plate erasure (CR syst
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FIG. 19. Modified TG18-QC pattern w
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FIG. 21. Radiologist workstation wi
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7.2.1.6. Time frame for corrective
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7.2.3. Weekly quality control test
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Note: It is not necessary to view t
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TABLE 7. TOLERANCES FOR IMAGING WEE
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7.2.4.4. Interpretation of results
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7.3.1.5. Recommendations and correc
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artefacts are typically best seen w
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7.3.3.5. Recommendations and correc
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7.4.1.3. Methodology(1) Annotate th
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RECORD OF DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY REPEA
Page 87 and 88: (3) Including examinations of at le
Page 89 and 90: 7.5. SEMI-ANNUAL TESTS7.5.1. Comput
Page 91 and 92: 8. MEDICAL PHYSICIST’S QUALITY CO
Page 93 and 94: 8.1. NOTE ON IMAGE NAMING CONVENTIO
Page 95 and 96: (16) On any randomly selected patie
Page 97 and 98: FIG. 30. Positioning of bathroom sc
Page 99 and 100: (6) The target, filter, kV, grid, d
Page 101 and 102: (2) Stack the 20 and 25 mm PMMA sla
Page 103 and 104: TABLE 13. ACCEPTABLE AND ACHIEVABLE
Page 105 and 106: 8.5. DETECTOR PERFORMANCE8.5.1. Bas
Page 107 and 108: 8.5.2. Detector response and noise8
Page 109 and 110: the service engineer responsible fo
Page 111 and 112: (13) Using the annotation tool on t
Page 113 and 114: Breast supportPMMA slabBreast suppo
Page 115 and 116: (10) Place the thinner test object
Page 117 and 118: 8.6. EVALUATION OF SYSTEM RESOLUTIO
Page 119 and 120: TABLE 17. ACCEPTABLE FREQUENCIES AT
Page 121 and 122: 8.7. X RAY EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTIC
Page 123 and 124: 8.7.2. Incident air kerma at the en
Page 125 and 126: 8.8. DOSIMETRY8.8.1. Mean glandular
Page 127 and 128: TABLE 21. ACCEPTABLE AND ACHIEVABLE
Page 129 and 130: FIG. 34. Suggested layout for ruler
Page 131 and 132: 8.10. IMAGE DISPLAY QUALITYThe accu
Page 133 and 134: FIG. 35. Modified TG18-QC test patt
Page 135 and 136: 8.10.1.5. Interpretation of results
Page 137: 8.10.2. Monitor luminance response
Page 141 and 142: FIG. 38. Measurement of illuminatio
Page 143 and 144: 8.11. LASER PRINTER8.11.1. Laser pr
Page 145 and 146: 8.11.1.5. Recommendations and corre
Page 147: 8.12.1.4. Interpretation of results
Page 150 and 151: iopsies are performed, a sink is of
Page 152 and 153: Appendix IISPECIFICATIONS OF TEST E
Page 154 and 155: TABLE 24. SPECIFICATIONS OF TEST EQ
Page 156 and 157: FIG. 40. Image acquired with a unif
Page 158 and 159: FIG. 43. The left hand image is par
Page 160 and 161: FIG. 45. A TG18-QC test pattern dis
Page 162 and 163: [29] ALSAGER, A., YOUNG, K.C., ODUK
Page 165 and 166: Annex IRADIOGRAPHER DATA COLLECTION
Page 167 and 168: Chart 2 — DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY (DM
Page 169 and 170: Chart 4 LASER PRINTER SENSITOMETRY
Page 171 and 172: Chart 6 — WEEKLY DISPLAY MONITOR
Page 173 and 174: Chart 7(b) WEEKLY QC TEST OBJECT:
Page 175 and 176: Chart 9 — SAFETY AND FUNCTION CHE
Page 177 and 178: Chart 11 — LASER PRINTER ARTEFACT
Page 179 and 180: Chart 13(a) — RECORD OF DIGITAL M
Page 181 and 182: Chart 14 — CR PLATE SENSITIVITY M
Page 183 and 184: Annex IIITHE MAMMOGRAPHY EXTRACTThe
Page 185 and 186: GLOSSARYair kerma. The energy depos
Page 187 and 188: image quality. The overall merit of
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CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW
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