[29] ALSAGER, A., YOUNG, K.C., ODUKO, J.M., “Impact of Heel Effect and ROI Size on the Determination of Contrast-to-NoiseRatio for Digital Mammography Systems”, Proceedings of SPIE Medical Imaging, 6913, 69134I (Proc. Conf. 2008), SPIEPublications, Bellingham, WA, 1–11.[30] SAMEI, E., Technological and Psychophysical Considerations for Digital Mammographic Displays, RadioGraphics 25 (2005)491–501.[31] SAMEI, E., RANGER, N.T., DELONG, D.M., A comparative contrast-detail study of five medical displays, Med. Phys. 35(2008) 1358–1364.[32] CHAWLA, A.S., SAMEI, E., Ambient illumination revisited: A new adaptation-based approach for optimizing medical imagingreading environments, Med. Phys. 34 (2007) 81–90.[33] NISHIKAWA, R.M., et al., Comparison of soft-copy and hard-copy reading for full-field digital mammography, Radiology 2511 (2009) 41–49.[34] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Quality Assurance Programme for Screen Film Mammography, HumanHealth Series No. 2, IAEA, Vienna (2009),http://www-naweb.<strong>iaea</strong>.org/nahu/dmrp/publication.asp[35] ROYAL COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGISTS, IT Training, The Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) Rep. BFCR(08)10, RCR,London (2008),http://www.rcr.ac.uk/docs/radiology/pdf/IT_guidance_trainingApr08.pdf[36] INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION, Medical electrical equipment. X ray tube assemblies formedical diagnosis — Characteristics of focal spots, IEC Rep. IEC 60336, IEC, Geneva (2005).[37] ROBSON, K.J., KOTRE, C.J., Pilot study into optimisation of viewing conditions for electronically displayed images, Radiat.Prot. Dosimetry 117 (2005) 298–303.[38] ROBSON, K.J., KOTRE, C.J., FAULKNER, K., An experimental investigation of the effect of light-box luminance on thedetection of low contrast objects in mammography, Br J. Radiol. 69 818 (1996) 153–159.[39] WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, Quality Assurance in Diagnostic Radiology, WHO, Geneva (1982).[40] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Applying Radiation Safety Standards in Diagnostic Radiology andInterventional Procedures Using X Rays, Safety Reports Series No. 39, IAEA, Vienna (2006).[41] BIRDWELL, R.L., BANDODKAR, P., IKEDA, D.M., Computer-aided detection with screening mammography in a universityhospital setting, Radiology 236 2 (2005) 451–457.[42] GROMET, M., Comparison of computer-aided detection to double reading of screening mammograms: review of 231, 221mammograms, Am. J. Roentgenol. 190 (2008) 854–859.[43] HELVIE, M.A., et al., Sensitivity of noncommercial computer-aided detection system for mammographic breast cancerdetection: pilot clinical trial, Radiology 231 (2004) 208–214.[44] CENTRE FOR EVIDENCE-BASED PURCHASING, Cost-effectiveness of full field digital mammography (FFDM) andcomputed radiography (CR) versus film/screening imaging for mammography: CEP 08015; NHS PASA 2008 [online] London(2008),http://www.pasa.nhs.uk/PASAWeb/NHSprocurement/CEP/CEPproducts.htm[45] VAN ONGEVAL, C., et al., “Classification of Artifacts in Clinical Digital Mammography”, Digital Mammography, SpringerBerlin/Heidelberg, (2008) 748–755,http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70538-3_103[46] JACOBS, J., ROGGE, F., KOTRE, J., MARCHAL, G., BOSMANS, H., Preliminary validation of a new variable pattern fordaily quality assurance of medical image display devices, Med. Phys. 34 (2007) 2744–2758.[47] JACOBS, J., et al., “One year of experience with remote quality assurance of digital mammography systems in the Flemishbreast cancer screening program”, Digital Mammography, (KRUPINSKI, E.A., Ed.), Springer, Heidelberg (2010) 703–710.[48] DANCE, D.R., SKINNER, C.L., YOUNG, K.C., BECKETT, J., KOTRE, C.J., Additional factors for the estimation of meanglandular breast dose using the UK mammographic dosimetry protocol, Phys. Med. Biol. 45 (2000) 3225–3240.[49] ALSAGER, A., YOUNG, K.C., ODUKO, J.M., Impact of Heel Effect and ROI Size on the Determination of Contrast-to-NoiseRatio for Digital Mammography Systems, Proceedings of SPIE Medical Imaging 6913, 69134I (2008) 1–11.[50] BOSMANS, H., et al., Image quality measurements and metrics in full field digital mammography: An overview, Radiat. Prot.Dosimetry 117 (2005) 120–130.[51] CUNNINGHAM, I.A., FENSTER, A., A method for modulation transfer function determination from edge profiles withcorrection for finite-element differentiation, Med. Phys. 14 (1987) 533–537.[52] DOBBINS, J.T., III, Effects of undersampling on the proper interpretation of modulation transfer function, noise power spectra,and noise equivalent quanta of digital imaging systems, Med. Phys. 22 (1995) 171–181.[53] FUJITA, H., DOI, K., GIGER, M.L., Investigation of basic imaging properties in digital radiography. 6. MTFs of II-TV digitalimaging systems, Med. Phys. 12 (1985) 713–720.[54] FUJITA, H., et al., A simple method for determining the modulation transfer function in digital radiography, IEEE Trans MedImaging 11 (1992) 34–39.[55] INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION, Medical electrical equipment — Characteristics of digitalimaging devices. 1: Determination of the detective quantum efficiency, International Electrotechnical CommissionRep. 62220-1-2, IEC, Geneva (2007).150
[56] CARTON, A.-K., et al., Validation of MTF measurement for digital mammography quality control, Med. Phys. 32 (2005)1684–1695.[57] MAIDMENT, A., ALBERT, M., Conditioning data for calculation of the modulation transfer function, Med. Phys. 30 (2003)248–252.[58] MARSHALL, N.W., Retrospective analysis of a detector fault for a full field digital mammography system, Phys. Med. Biol. 51(2006) 5655–5673.[59] AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICISTS IN MEDICINE, Equipment requirements and quality control formammography, AAPM Rep. 29, New York (1990).[60] AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY, Mammography quality control manual, American College of Radiology, Reston,VA (1999).[61] INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION, Evaluation and routine testing in medical imaging departments.Part 3-2: Acceptance testing — imaging performance of mammographic x-ray equipment, IEC Rep. 61223-3-2 Ed. 2.0, IEC,Geneva (2004).[62] WAGNER, L.K., ARCHER, B.R., CERRA, F., On the measurement of half-value layer in film-screen mammography, Med.Phys. 17 (1990) 989–997.[63] DANCE, D.R., Monte Carlo calculations of conversion factors for the estimation of mean glandular breast dose, Phys. Med.Biol. 35 (1990) 1211–1219.[64] WU, X., BARNES, G.T., TUCKER, D.M., Spectral dependence of glandular tissue dose in screen-film mammography,Radiology 179 (1991) 143–148.[65] WU, X., GINGOLD, E.L., BARNES, G.T., TUCKER, D.M., Normalised average glandular tissue dose in molybdenum target— Rhodium filter and rhodium and rhodiuim-target rhodium filter mammography, Radiology 193 (1994) 83–89.[66] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Dosimetry in Diagnostic Radiology: An International Code of Practice,Technical Reports Series No. 457, IAEA, Vienna (2007).[67] DANCE, D.R., YOUNG, K.C., VAN ENGEN, R.E., Further factors for the estimation of mean glandular dose using the UnitedKingdom, European and IAEA breast dosimetry protocols, Phys. Med. Biol. 54 (2009) 4361–4372.[68] INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON RADIATION UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS, Patient Dosimetry for X Ray Used inMedical Imaging, ICRU Rep. 74, ICRU, Bethesda (2006).[69] XTHONA, A., Designing the Perfect Reading Room for Digital Mammography, a White Paper, (2010),www.medimaging.jp/whitepaper/796.pdf[70] POLLARD, B.J., et al., The influence of increased ambient lighting on mass detection in mammograms, Acad. Radiol. 16(2009) 299–304.[71] AAPM TASK GROUP 18 IMAGING INFORMATICS SUBCOMMITTEE, Assessment of Display Performance for MedicalImaging Systems, AAPM On-line Report 03, American Association of Physicists in Medicine, College Park, MD (2005),http://www.aapm.org/pubs/reports/OR_03.pdf (supplemental files available at http://www.aapm.org/pubs/reports/OR_03_Supplemental/[72] FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS, INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGYAGENCY, INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION, OECD NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY, PAN AMERICANHEALTH ORGANIZATION, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, International Basic Safety Standards for Protectionagainst Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources, Safety Series No. 115, IAEA, Vienna (1996).[73] INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION, Medical Electrical Equipment — Dosimeters with IonizationChambers and/or Semi-conductor Detectors as used in X-Ray Diagnostic Imaging, IEC-61674, IEC, Geneva (1997).[74] YOUNG, K.C., VAN ENGEN, R., BOSMANS, H., JACOBS, J., ZANCA, F., “Quality control in digital mammography”,Digital Mammography (BICK, U., DIEKMANN, F., Eds), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg (2010).151