The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

SCANDINAVIA.But the whole country, no less than the fiords and lakes, has preserved thetraces of former glacial action, which extends even far bej'ond the peninsula.Finland, one-third of Russia in Europe, all North Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands,the greater part of Scotland, the Faroer, and Iceland itself are comprised inthe vast region from 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 square miles in extent, whose surfacesoil is largely due to the detritus of the Norwegian uplands. With the exceptionFig. 44.—ClIRISTIANIA AND ITS ISLANDS.Scale 1 :1S5.000.EofP^X/W 4ll / A -#UEof Grof the Skager Rak, which seems to have been a true fiord, all the narrowScandinavian seas formed the beds of ancient glaciers, whose traces may even stillbe recognised in the submarine striae in some places, as at Karlskrona, to a depthof 24 feet. Lower down they have been obliterated by the action of the water,or filled in with sands.To the northern glaciers Esmark long ago referred the numerous erraticboulders of southern lands, and tho same view, formulated by M. Charles Martins