The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

210 RUSSIA IN EUROPE.under the vegetable humus immense quantities of detritus are found, offeringinexhaustible quarries to the inhabitants. They have been conveyed from oneside of the Gulf of Finland to the other, as shown by the fragments strewn overthe intervening islands. A mass weighing about 100 tons was noticed ly Yon Baerin the islet of Laven-saari, and a still larger block by Prince Krapotkin on thewest side of Suur Tytters. Stones of all sizes are yearly stranded on the islandsFig. 102. The Fdnoa-habiu.According to KrapoOdn. Scale 1 : 60,000.Q7°5'29°25'E.ofG.of the gulf and on the coast of Esthonia, while smaller detritus arrives in suchquantities as to palpably modify the outlines of the coast and creeks in a few years.The traces of glacier action are still plainly visible even in the general aspectof the land. There are few geological areas better marked by the parallelism ofthe valleys debouching on either side of the Gulf of Bothnia. All the Scandinavianrivers run north-west and south-east ; all those of Finland south-eastand north-west. They move in opposite directions, but on closely correspondinglines along the axis of all the elongated lakes in the granitic valleys of Finland.