The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

13-1 SCANDINAVIA.between the three Scandinavian states, a treaty unhappily followed by sanguinarywars. Beyond it are several ports, such as Monsteras, Oskarshamn, Figeholin,Westervik, and Gamleby. Farther north an inlet leads to Norrkoping, the" Northern Mart," already mentioned towards the end of the twelfth century asthe rival of Soderkoping, or "Southern Mart," situated at the extremity of anotherfiord farther south. Norrkoping covers an area of several square miles on bothbanks of the Motala, a rapid stream which carries off the overflow of Lake "Wetterand several other smaller lacustrine basins. In the very heart of the town it formsa number of cascades and rapids, supplying the motive power to the mills of-Falsterbo and Stanok.Scale 1 : 142,400.E of P.irj'ocrEofGNorrkoping, which is often designated by the Swedes as the "ScandinavianManchester." Its thirty-three cloth factories already furnished, in 187G, twothirdsof all the woollen stuffs manufactured in the kingdom. There are alsoseveral cotton spinning and weaving and flour mills, hesides sugar refineries,altogether employing over 6,000 hands, and yielding goods to the annual amountof about £1,400,000. Here are also built the Government gunboats and ironclads.The imports consist chiefly of raw materials and coal ; the exports of oats, timber,iron, lucifer matches, and marble from the neighbouring quarries. To the southare the now abandoned copper mines of Atvidaberg, formerly rivalling in hnpor-