The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

450 RUSSIA IN EUROPE.1864. But since the opening of the railway connecting it with the mainlandSebastopol has risen from its ruins; quays and tramways line the bay, hugegranaries rise above the port, a monumental terminus stands on a former redoubt,and the "Malakof " and the " Redan" have been transformed into public promenades.It still remains a formidable stronghold, but the progress of artilleryhas caused a change in the position of its defences. Redoubts now line thesouthern plateaux, and Khersonesus Point bristles with batteries commandingFig. 238.—The Yalta Coast.Scale 1 : 200,00055 and beyond.the approaches to the roadstead. The rock of Inkermann, the ancient Calamita,rising east of the town beyond the marshy valley of the Chernaya, has beenconverted into a vast quarry, which threatens with destruction the old troglodytetown, whose galleries form a perfect labyrinth in the interior of the hill. Some ofthese chambers are large enough to contain 500 people.The well-kept road following the southern cliffs east of Balaklava is fringedwith pleasant villas, delightfully situated in the midst of lovely scenery, and