herodotus

did not permit him to do this, he went away home and considered meansby which Adrastos should be brought to depart of his own accord: andwhen he thought that he had discovered them, he sent to Thebes inBœotia and said that he desired to introduce into his city Melanipposthe son of Astacos, and the Thebans gave him leave. So Cleisthenesintroduced Melanippos into his city, and appointed for him a sacredenclosure within the precincts of the City Hall[56] itself, andestablished him there in the strongest position. Now Cleisthenesintroduced Melanippos (for I must relate this also) because he was thegreatest enemy of Adrastos, seeing that he had killed both his brotherMekisteus and his son-in-law Tydeus: and when he had appointed thesacred enclosure for him, he took away the sacrifices and festivals ofAdrastos and gave them to Melanippos. Now the Sikyonians wereaccustomed to honour Adrastos with very great honours; for this landwas formerly the land of Polybos, and Adrastos was daughter's son toPolybos, and Polybos dying without sons gave his kingdom to Adrastos:the Sikyonians then not only gave other honours to Adrastos, but alsowith reference to his sufferings they specially honoured him withtragic choruses, not paying the honour to Dionysos but to Adrastos.Cleisthenes however gave back the choruses to Dionysos, and the otherrites besides this he gave to Melannipos. 68. Thus he had done toAdrastos; and he also changed the names of the Dorian tribes, in orderthat the Sikyonians might not have the same tribes as the Argives; inwhich matter he showed great contempt of the Sikyonians, for the nameshe gave were taken from the names of a pig and an ass by changing onlythe endings, except in the case of his own tribe, to which he gave aname from his own rule. These last then were called Archelaoi,[57]while of the rest those of one tribe were called Hyatai,[58] ofanother Oneatai,[59] and of the remaining tribe Choireatai.[60] Thesenames of tribes were used by the men of Sikyon not only in the reignof Cleisthenes, but also beyond that for sixty years after his death;then however they considered the matter and changed them into Hylleis,Pamphyloi, and Dymanatai, adding to these a fourth, to which they gavethe name Aigialeis after Aigialeus the son of Adrastos.69. Thus had the Cleisthenes of Sikyon done: and the AthenianCleisthenes, who was his daughter's son and was called after him,despising, as I suppose, the Ionians, as he the Dorians, imitated hisnamesake Cleisthenes in order that the Athenians might not have thesame tribes as the Ionians: for when at the time of which we speak headded to his own party the whole body of the common people of theAthenians, which in former time he had despised,[61] he changed thenames of the tribes and made them more in number than they had been;he made in fact ten rulers of tribes instead of four, and by tens alsohe distributed the demes in the tribes; and having added the commonpeople to his party he was much superior to his opponents. 70. Then