herodotus

cheated of their hope: 62, and while he was yet calling upon her thus,the Tegeans started forward before them and advanced against theBarbarians, and forthwith after the prayer of Pausanias the offeringsproved favourable for the Lacedemonians as they sacrificed. So whenthis at length came to pass, then they also advanced against thePersians; and the Persians put away their bows and came against them.Then first there was fighting about the wicker-work shields, and whenthese had been overturned, after that the fighting was fierce by theside of the temple of Demeter, and so continued for a long time, untilat last they came to justling; for the Barbarians would take hold ofthe spears and break them off. Now in courage and in strength thePersians were not inferior to the others, but they were withoutdefensive armour,[66] and moreover they were unversed in war andunequal to their opponents in skill; and they would dart out one at atime or in groups of about ten together, some more and some less, andfall upon the Spartans and perish. 63. In the place where Mardonioshimself was, riding on a white horse and having about him the thousandbest men of the Persians chosen out from the rest, here, I say, theypressed upon their opponents most of all: and so long as Mardoniossurvived, they held out against them, and defending themselves theycast down many of the Lacedemonians; but when Mardonios was slain andthe men who were ranged about his person, which was the strongestportion of the whole army, had fallen, then the others too turned andgave way before the Lacedemonians; for their manner of dress, withoutdefensive armour, was a very great cause of destruction to them, sincein truth they were contending light-armed against hoplites. 64. Thenthe satisfaction for the murder of Leonidas was paid by Mardoniosaccording to the oracle given to the Spartans,[67] and the most famousvictory of all those about which we have knowledge was gained byPausanias the son of Cleombrotos, the son of Anaxandrides; of hisancestors above this the names have been given for Leonidas,[68]since, as it happens, they are the same for both. Now Mardonios wasslain by Arimnestos,[69] a man of consideration in Sparta, whoafterwards, when the Median wars were over, with three hundred menfought a battle against the whole army of the Messenians, then at warwith the Lacedemonians, at Stenycleros, and both he was slain and alsothe three hundred. 65. When the Persians were turned to flight atPlataia by the Lacedemonians, they fled in disorder to their own campand to the palisade which they had made in the Theban territory:[70]and it is a marvel to me that, whereas they fought by the side of thesacred grove of Demeter, not one of the Persians was found to haveentered the enclosure or to have been slain within it, but round aboutthe temple in the unconsecrated ground fell the greater number of theslain. I suppose (if one ought to suppose anything about divinethings) that the goddess herself refused to receive them, because theyhad set fire to the temple, that is to say the "palace"[71] at