herodotus

number of them are ashamed of the name: but these twelve cities notonly prided themselves on the name but established a temple of theirown, to which they gave the name of Panionion, and they maderesolution not to grant a share in it to any other Ionians (nor indeeddid any ask to share it except those of Smyrna); 144, just as theDorians of that district which is now called the Five Cities[149] butwas formerly called the Six Cities,[150] take care not to admit any ofthe neighbouring Dorians to the temple of Triopion, and even excludefrom sharing in it those of their own body who commit any offence asregards the temple. For example, in the games of the Triopian Apollothey used formerly to set bronze tripods as prizes for the victors,and the rule was that those who received them should not carry themout of the temple but dedicate them then and there to the god. Therewas a man then of Halicarnassos, whose name was Agasicles, who being avictor paid no regard to this rule, but carried away the tripod to hisown house and hung it up there upon a nail. On this ground the otherfive cities, Lindos, Ialysos and Cameiros, Cos and Cnidos, excludedthe sixth city Halicarnassos from sharing in the temple. 145. Uponthese they laid this penalty: but as for the Ionians, I think that thereason why they made of themselves twelve cities and would not receiveany more into their body, was because when they dwelt in Peloponnesusthere were of them twelve divisions, just as now there are twelvedivisions of the Achaians who drove the Ionians out: for first,(beginning from the side of Sikyon) comes Pellene, then Aigeira andAigai, in which last is the river Crathis with a perpetual flow(whence the river of the same name in Italy received its name), andBura and Helike, to which the Ionians fled for refuge when they wereworsted by the Achaians in fight, and Aigion and Rhypes and Patreisand Phareis and Olenos, where is the great river Peiros, and Dyme andTritaieis, of which the last alone has an inland position.[151] Theseform now twelve divisions of the Achaians, and in former times theywere divisions of the Ionians. 146. For this reason then the Ioniansalso made for themselves twelve cities; for at any rate to say thatthese are any more Ionians than the other Ionians, or have at all anobler descent, is mere folly, considering that a large part of themare Abantians from Eubœa, who have no share even in the name of Ionia,and Minyai of Orchomenos have been mingled with them, and Cadmeiansand Dryopians and Phokians who seceded from their native State andMolossians and Pelasgians of Arcadia and Dorians of Epidauros and manyother races have been mingled with them; and those of them who setforth to their settlements from the City Hall of Athens and who esteemthemselves the most noble by descent of the Ionians, these, I say,brought no women with them to their settlement, but took Carian women,whose parents they slew: and on account of this slaughter these womenlaid down for themselves a rule, imposing oaths on one another, andhanded it on to their daughters, that they should never eat with their