herodotus

ship which went away to Egina to bring the sons of Aiacos was thatwhich began the fight. It is also reported that an apparition of awoman was seen by them, and that having appeared she encouraged themto the fight so that the whole of the army of the Hellenes heard it,first having reproached them in these words: "Madmen,[52] how far willye yet back your ships?"85. Opposite the Athenians had been ranged the Phenicians, for theseoccupied the wing towards Eleusis and the West, and opposite theLacedemonians were the Ionians, who occupied the wing which extendedto the East and to Piræus. Of them however a few were purposely slackin the fight according to the injunctions of Themistocles,[53] but thegreater number were not so. I might mention now the names of manycaptains of ships who destroyed ships of the Hellenes, but I will makeno use of their names except in the case of Theomestor, the son ofAndrodamas and Phylacos the son of Histiaios, of Samos both: and forthis reason I make mention of these and not of the rest, becauseTheomestor on account of this deed became despot of Samos, appointedby the Persians, and Phylacos was recorded as a benefactor of the kingand received much land as a reward. Now the benefactors of the kingare called in the Persian tongue /orosangai/. 86. Thus it was withthese; but the greater number of their ships were disabled at Salamis,being destroyed some by the Athenians and others by the Eginetans: forsince the Hellenes fought in order and ranged in their places, whilethe Barbarians were no longer ranged in order nor did anything withdesign, it was likely that there would be some such result as in factfollowed. Yet on this day they surpassed themselves much more thanwhen they fought by Eubœa, every one being eager and fearing Xerxes,and each man thinking that the king was looking especially at him. 87.As regards the rest I cannot speak of them separately, or sayprecisely how the Barbarians or the Hellenes individually contended inthe fight; but with regard to Artemisia that which happened was this,whence she gained yet more esteem than before from the king.--When theaffairs of the king had come to great confusion, at this crisis a shipof Artemisia was being pursued by an Athenian ship; and as she was notable to escape, for in front of her were other ships of her own side,while her ship, as it chanced, was furthest advanced towards theenemy, she resolved what she would do, and it proved also much to heradvantage to have done so. While she was being pursued by the Athenianship she charged with full career against a ship of her own sidemanned by Calyndians and in which the king of the CalyndiansDamasithymos was embarked. Now, even though it be true that she hadhad some strife with him before, while they were still about theHellespont, yet I am not able to say whether she did this byintention, or whether the Calyndian ship happened by chance to fall inher way. Having charged against it however and sunk it, she enjoyed