Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Invasive ...

<strong>Proceedings</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Third</strong> <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Invasive SpartinaChapter 4: Spartina Control and Managementclones. If <strong>the</strong> infestation is isolated and/or <strong>the</strong> population isnot setting seed, caution may be warranted in usingrototilling or similar mechanical treatments since it couldproduce viable propagules in areas with few o<strong>the</strong>r loci <strong>of</strong>dispersal.A greater understanding <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dispersal patterns frominfested bays should help to identify <strong>the</strong> risk <strong>of</strong> seed orvegetative propagule transport. This data, combined withknown characteristics <strong>of</strong> susceptible habitat, will helpidentify natural deposition sites <strong>of</strong> invasive Spartina spp.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThanks to Debra Ayres, University <strong>of</strong> California DavisDepartment <strong>of</strong> Evolution & Ecology, and Erik Grijalva, SanFrancisco Estuary Invasive Spartina Project for <strong>the</strong>irassistance in California; Terri Butler and Jonathan Bates <strong>of</strong>Willapa National Wildlife Refuge, Fritzi Grevstad and KimPatten <strong>of</strong> Washington State University for <strong>the</strong>ir suggestionsand field assistance in Washington. For volunteering torelease drift cards, we thank David Heimer, Les Holcomband Travis Haring <strong>of</strong> Washington State Department <strong>of</strong> Fish& Wildlife; Bill Pinnix, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service inArcata, CA and Kristen Ward, National Park Service,Golden Gate Recreation Area. Additionally, <strong>the</strong> staff andmany students at <strong>the</strong> Center for Lakes & Reservoirs,Portland State University have been immensely helpfulsuggestions and field/greenhouse work.REFERENCESBroome, S.W., W.W. Woodhouse, and E.D. Seneca. 1974. Propagation<strong>of</strong> smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora, from seed inNorth Carolina. Chesapeake Science 15(4):214-221.Daehler, C.C. 1999. Inbreeding depression in smooth cordgrass(Spartina alterniflora, Poaceae) Invading San Francisco Bay.American Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 86(1):131-139.Daehler, C.C. and D.R. Strong. 1996. Status, prediction and prevention<strong>of</strong> introduced cordgrass Spartina spp. invasions in Pacificestuaries, USA. Biological Conservation 78:51-58.Davis, H.G., C.M. Taylor, J.C. Civille and D.S. Strong. 2004. AnAllee effect at <strong>the</strong> front <strong>of</strong> a plant invasion: Spartina in a Pacificestuary. 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Growth habits and o<strong>the</strong>r considerations <strong>of</strong>smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora Loisel. In: Mumford Jr.,T.F., P. Peyton, J.R. Sayce and S. Harbell, eds. Spartina WorkshopRecord. Seattle, WA: pp. 15-20.Patten, K. and C. Stenvall. 2002. Nothin’ could be fina’ than <strong>the</strong>killin’ o Spartina.” Agrichemical and Environmental News,Washington State Cooperative Extension Newsletter. 196.Patten, K. 2002. The efficacy <strong>of</strong> mechanical treatment efforts in2001 on <strong>the</strong> control <strong>of</strong> Spartina in Willapa Bay in 2002. Progressreport to <strong>the</strong> Willapa National Wildlife Refuge.Patten, K. 2003. Persistence and non-target impact <strong>of</strong> imazapyrassociated with smooth cordgrass control in an estuary. Journal<strong>of</strong> Aquatic Plant Management 41:1-6.Pfauth, M., M. Sytsma and D. Isaacson. 2003. Oregon SpartinaResponse Plan. Portland State University, Oregon.Plyler, D.B. and T.E. 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