218Sustainable Development strategy of business envi<strong>ro</strong>nment f<strong>ro</strong>m Dolj, Olt, Pleven, Vidin and Montana regionF<strong>ro</strong>m the perspective of the tourism sector, position the c<strong>ro</strong>ss bor<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>r region can be either f<strong>ro</strong>m competitivepositions (the potential competing for Romania tourism countries are: Bulgaria, C<strong>ro</strong>atia, Serbia andMonteneg<strong>ro</strong>, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine) or cooperation positions - Joint p<strong>ro</strong>motionof c<strong>ro</strong>ss-bor<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>r tourism potential. National policy as expressed in the National Development Plan i<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>ntifiestourism as a priority sector of national economy and an important factor in regional <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment and ruralareas. The tourism sector is a complex industry that involves a substantial and permanent investment in humancapital.Research - Development - InnovationAccording to the study Reindustrializarea Romania: policy and strategy 26 “Romania is among countrieswith the lowest rate of investment in this area, only 0.58% in 2008. The situation worsened in 2009 when publicexpenditure returned to the level existing before the boom, respectively 0.2% of GDP. Weak contribution ofthe private sector (more than 30% of the total investment in research - <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>elopment) is explained by the typeof competition in the domestic market based on price rather than innovation. In addition public research fundsare used ineffective because they fail to create a spread effect in the private sector. There is also a bad connectionbetween aca<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>mic research and industrial applications. As regards main contribution comes f<strong>ro</strong>m theEU business sector, unlike Romania private nonp<strong>ro</strong>fit which also invests in research and <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment”.At regional level, one of the main conditions for successful <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment is seeking permanent solutionsto economic units for a better market position. Diversification of p<strong>ro</strong>duction and especially p<strong>ro</strong>moting technologicalnovelty in a company is mainly due to the following factors:• the need for storage or to overcome market position occupied;• Alignment with industrial and social policies at national or Eu<strong>ro</strong>pean level;• The need to compensate for lower or higher prices of raw materials supply;To mention the importance of p<strong>ro</strong>moting intellectual p<strong>ro</strong>perty rights as an incentive particularly relevantfor investments in innovation, so that they can achieve cost recovery invested.As regards the agriculture in the region concerned, may be consi<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>red as an advantage available to fuciarfund that the wo counties have at the moment, and the ability to use irrigation systems to achieve greaterp<strong>ro</strong>ductivity of c<strong>ro</strong>ps.According to studies conducted by the National Administration of land reclamation, by applying irrigation,agricultural p<strong>ro</strong>duction increased on average by 30-50%, leading to increased incomes in agriculture. Irrigationis a major factor in obtaining high p<strong>ro</strong>ductions and relatively stable f<strong>ro</strong>m year to year with favorable implicationsfor food security of the population and create export availabilities of agricultural p<strong>ro</strong>ducts. Accordingto available data for 2010, national organizations were established for public imp<strong>ro</strong>vements on a land area of 1.094 million hectares (424 organizations for irrigation water users for drainage, two organizations drainage -irrigation, 7 organizations with irrigations and drainage activities ). There were authorized three fe<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>rations ofwater users organizations for irrigation with a territory covering 18 000 hectares.Th<strong>ro</strong>ugh Dolj County County is second after Braila in terms of county of irrigation facilities, according toLand Imp<strong>ro</strong>vements National Administration. 27At the county level are working 3 fe<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>rations irrigation water users organizations - Calafat, Moţăţei andSegarcea. In Olt County are working fe<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>rations’ irrigation water users’ organizations Corabia – Olt, Sadova andG<strong>ro</strong>jdibojdu.Also thete is a suitable c<strong>ro</strong>p farming region with a high potential for <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment. Thus, Romania has thelargest g<strong>ro</strong>wth potential in Eu<strong>ro</strong>pe in terms of rice p<strong>ro</strong>duction due to water reserves of the Danube. At nationallevel the area cultivated with rice reaches app<strong>ro</strong>ximately 8,000 hectares.In Dolj County, in 2009, was reopened at Gighera rice plantation cultivating about 1,100 hectares. Areawill increase up to 1500-1600 of which app<strong>ro</strong>x. 70 hectares c<strong>ro</strong>ss cultures of great interest in this sector. Asregards county has invested about. two million eu<strong>ro</strong>s to purchase land and equipment for the construction ofdryers with a capacity of 240 tons / day of rice and two warehouses with an area of 1,700 m2.In Olt County the area planted with rice is over 1,100 ha. and the investments are about 4 million eu<strong>ro</strong>s.The main comparative advantages at the level of the region are of a temporary nature. The low level ofwages in the region compared to other Eu<strong>ro</strong>pean countries can not be maintained long term, especially sinceone of the results of <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment policies is even increase income inhabitants of the region. Also, once Romaniajoined the Eu<strong>ro</strong>pean Union state aid regulations fall un<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>r the EU and are very strictly monitored. Moreover,the level of fees has changed in recent years generated the need to counterbalance the effects of economiccrisis (for example increased VAT f<strong>ro</strong>m 19% to 24%).It is necessary to focus regional <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment policies on comparative advantages related to the qualityof labor, increased information and awareness th<strong>ro</strong>ughout the population.Regional distribution of <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment resources is closely linked to local capacity to effectively use somecommon factors, important to entrepreneurship initiative. Some regional trends are explained by emerging26 November 2010, pag. 76.27 http://www.recolta.eu/in-2011-doljul-va-avea-mai-putine-terenuri-irigate-<st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>cat-anul-trecut/
Sustainable Development strategy of business envi<strong>ro</strong>nment f<strong>ro</strong>m Dolj, Olt, Pleven, Vidin and Montana region 219entrepreneurial potential, regardless of geography or some other bill stereotypes <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>terministic.Regional envi<strong>ro</strong>nment is shaped by three main g<strong>ro</strong>ups of factors that influence entrepreneurship, namelymac<strong>ro</strong>-climate, mic<strong>ro</strong>-climate and factors specific to each individual.Mac<strong>ro</strong>-climate of a business enterprise is characterized by indicators that highlight aspects such as regionalinfrastructure, the cultural regional level, the economic situation or political systems. All these factorsare, however, interpreted differently and therefore mic<strong>ro</strong>-climate factors in the “world” of entrepreneurs arerepresented by an infinite variety of ways to perceive the sur<strong>ro</strong>unding reality. For these reasons, reactions,vision, strategy, manner of acting, efficiency and, of course success is largely the result of mic<strong>ro</strong>-climatic factorsbeneficial to entrepreneurial initiative. Among other categories specific to entrepreneurship are age, sexmarital status, education level, these factors can <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>scribe the intensity of dormant or <st<strong>ro</strong>ng>de</st<strong>ro</strong>ng>velopment initiativethat already show 28 .28 Evaluation manual of Regional Competitiveness – G<strong>ro</strong>up for Applied Economy, 2007, pag. 10
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