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Figure 9.2: Plateau nasalNO increasing with age
E
o.
o,
o Eo
g go('
Eot,
o z6(to2
0.1
0.01
0.001
10 20 30 40
Agc (Years)
50 60
The plateau nasal NO levels increased with age in 49 subjects, suggested by the authors to correlate
with pneumatisation of the sinuses.
Taken from Lundberg JON, Farkas-szallasi T, Weitzberg E, Rinder J, Lidholm J' Angaard A' Hokfelt T'
Lundberg JM, Alving K. High nitric oxide proOuction.ii human paranasal sinuses' Nature Medicine
i99a; t (i): gzo'gz4 (Lundberg, Farkas-szallasi et al' 1995)'
9.7.3 Circadian rhYthm.
One study in children found the lowest exhaled NO and urinary EPX levels occurred at 7pm
and the highest at Tamin 20 asthmatics compared to six healthy children (Mattes' Storm van's
Gravesande et a:.2002). Otherwise no circadian differences have been demonstrated in adult
subjects with exhaled No (Kharitonov, Gonio et al. 2003) or nasal No measurements
(Bartley, Fergusson et al. Iggg). No was higher at night in asthmatics with nocturnal
symptoms compared to asthmatics without nocturnal symptoms and higher at all times
compared to healthy controls, but no circadian variation in any group was demonstrated (ten
Hacken, van der Vaart et al. 1998; Georges, Bartelson et al' 1999; Palm' Graf et al' 2000)' In
children aged 4-6 years, exhaled NO was reproducible though a 24 hour period (Napier and
Turner 2005) and in six children measured at different times on six consecutive days, no
circadian rhythm was found (Latzin, Beck et al'2002)'
9.7.4 Menstrual cycle and pregnancy
There are few studies to review here. No significant changes were found with repeated
measurements over weeks in healthy controls (Jilma, Kastner et al' 1996; Morris' Sooranna et
al. 1996), while one study did seem to demonstrate high exhaled NO levels in 40 asthmatic
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