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11. She went. (by bus, downtown, today)12. They talked. (for an hour, animatedly, on the front lawn)Answers6. For each of the following sentences, fill in the blank with is or are, as appropriate.For example:Here _ one of the computations.Here one of the computations.There all of the results.There are all of the results.1. There ____ his brother and sister.2. Here ____ the news.3. There ____ several of her classmates.4. Here ____ both of the disks.5. There ____ a pair of pliers.6. Here ____ a few chocolates.7. Here ____ a box of eggs.8. There two of the books.9. Here ____ another of the magazines.10. Here ___ some of the answers.ii. There ___ one of his brothers.12. Here ___ the essays.Answers7. Rewrite the following sentences, replacing the underlined phrases with personalpronouns, and changing the word order as necessary. For example:Over the treetops sailed the kite.Over the treetops i! sailed.Here comes our teacher.Here he comes.1. Up the stairs dashed the reporter.2. Onto the stage glided the ballerina.3. Here is the butter.4. There go the geese.5. To and fro rode the gi rl on the horse.6. Here come the children.7. High in the heavens shone the lights of a million stars.8. There goes the train.9. Into the hotel darted the boy.10. Here are yo ur keys .11. Over the grass rolled the ball.12. There is my aunt.Answers8. The following sentences are incorrect, because each contains a double negative.Each sentence can be corrected by omitting or altering one of the negative expressions.
Write two corrected versions for each sentence. For example:We have not got no sugar.We have got no sugar.or We have not got any sugar.I have never seen nothing like it before.I have seen nothing like it before.or I have never seen anything li ke it before.1. He does not need no advice.2. We never go nowhere interesti ng.3. I did not get none of the answers right.4. She does not know nothing.5. We had not met neither of the boys before.6. They did not do no harm.7. He never speaks to nobody.8. You do not have no reason to behave li ke that.9. I do not know nothing about it.10. I do not have no ti me for such things.Answers9. For each of the following sentences, add the negative expression shown in bracketsat the beginning of the sentence, and make any other changes that are necessary. Forexample:I had reached home when I remembered the message. (hardly)Hardly had I reached home when I remembered the message.We had the opportunity to do whatever we wanted. (seldom)Seldom did we have the opportunity to do whatever we wanted.1. We had entered the room when the telephone rang. (scarcely)2. I have seen a more beautiful ballet than that one. (never)3. We realized that a dangerous stretch of road lay ahead of us. (little)4. I have worked as hard as I could. (never before)5. A writer can express his exact feelings in words. (rarely)6. We perceive everything that is around us. (hardly ever)7. One can find a more striking example of erosion than the Grand Canyon. (nowhere)8. They guessed what was about to happen. (little)9. I am entirely satisfied with my situation. (seldom)10. One comprehends a complex situation immediately. (rarely)Answers10. Paying attention to the correct word order, rewrite the underlined indirectquestions as direct questions. For example:I would like to know why yo u are here.Why are you here?I wonder how often he comes here.How often does he come here?
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English GrammarENGLISH GRAMMAR: EXP
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a. Questionsb. Negative statementsc
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a. The Simple Present indicativeb.
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5. The use of some and any6. The us
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3. Interrogative adverbsExercisesCH
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THE USES AND FORMATION OF THE ENGLI
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**** The other modal auxiliaries co
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she showit showwe showthey showshe
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Past PerfectI had beenyou had beenh
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we have been beingthey have been be
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hit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt
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It should be kept in mind that many
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subject you, whether you refers to
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They are awake.They are awake, aren
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12. not, you, late13. it, not, ?, i
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When a verb ends in y immediately p
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Auxiliaries are verbs which are com
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6. He ____ the office every day. (t
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ANSWERS TO THE EXERCISES for Chapte
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a. Verbs ending in a silent eWhen a
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When a verb of more than one syllab
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not is placed after the subject. Ho
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It _____. (to rain)It is raining.1.
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They are being cautious, aren't the
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2. Formation of the present perfect
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stress. In the following examples,
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tense is the same for an irregular
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The use of the Present Perfect Cont
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2. Rewrite the following sentences,
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1. We _______ lunch. (to eat)2. 1 _
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1. has apologized 2. have stirred 3
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was notwere notwasn'tweren'tIn orde
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See Exercise 5.In order to change a
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Were you not on ti me?Weren't you o
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contractions and the forms with con
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form, as well as other modal forms.
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tag questions are underlined. Contr
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In the preceding examples, the verb
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Emphatic statements are often used
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2. We ________ money. (to save)3. S
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4. ___ they ______ the letter? (to
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13. You did not ________ my letter.
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8. He was right. 9. She does unders
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will notwon'tThe contracted form of
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It should also be noted that the Pa
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they will have workedSee Exercise 9
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Tag questions are formed using the
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e.g. We will welcome him when he ar
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We will pass the exam.You _____ the
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9. Using either the auxiliary shall
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1. She_______________to help us. (t
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solved 9. shall have received or wi
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Negative Statement:Negative Questio
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They would not have worked.Negative
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The following table summarizes the
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3. I ________ everything carefully.
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7. He ___ not _______ it to your ol
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Would she have been preparing for t
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1. Would he have been listening to
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they werethey wereFor any verb, the
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we had workedthey had workedwe had
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In each of these examples, the use
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See Exercise 6.As well as being exp
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. Forms of the verb used in the sub
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6. The imperative moodThe Imperativ
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Does she wish it would snow?You wil
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___ shenot _____ if she had seen us
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emind)3. ___ I ____ earlier. I woul
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1. would, have begun 2. would, have
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See Exercise 1 .b. Negative stateme
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The most important meaning of can a
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5. ShouldIn British English, the Si
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For the Simple Present and the Simp
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Without Ellipsis: He wrote a letter
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8. We shall visit our friends.9. Sh
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7. Had a flying saucer landed on th
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8. They could help us.9. I won the
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He is not angry, and neither are we
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1. Yes, we do. 2. Yes, they may. 3.
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See Exercise 2.b. To Raise and To R
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She said something to her teacher.T
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Now they _____ the table.Now they a
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Answers to Exercise 1 :1. birds 2.
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they have beenPresent Perfect Conti
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Simple FutureFuture Continuous··F
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Perfect, with would I would have sh
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A similar example is:Active: The po
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or improbable conditions.e.g. I wis
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Was he not being flown to Boston?Pa
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4. It is crucial that we ______ of
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2. Countable nounsCountable nouns a
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c. Plurals of proper nounsProper no
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used for scientific purposes, form
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2. The train has left.3. The bird w
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The reef attracts tourists.The reef
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opened. 7. The newspapers are read
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a long u, since these words are pro
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a. Referring to something mentioned
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I had never visited Seretnay Park b
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A musician must practise a great de
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UseA weakened form of OneNaming a p
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a pair of pliersa pair of scissorsW
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6. Fill in each blank with the or l
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1. Schooners are ships. 2. Mallards
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eferred to have not been mentioned
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This afternoon we baked two cakes.I
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In the first example, the skiing co
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1. __2. __3. __4. __air is made up
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6. You should practise _____ the sp
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that the house belongs to the Smith
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e.g. Our vice· president and treas
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2. the policemen's warning3. the di
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16. Either plates or saucers ___ su
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Third Person he, she, it theyThus,
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In the first example, they stands f
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When a personal pronoun is the subj
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The tree has lost two of its branch
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which agrees with singular antecede
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2. My father told my uncle the stor
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1. She helped us.2. He asked them t
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10. You and I are good friends, ___
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Although they do not know it yet, t
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1. Your 2. Their 3. His 4. My 5. He
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Case Case Adjective Pronoun Pronoun
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4. Interrogative pronounsInterrogat
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When used as adjectives or as inter
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verb or preposition, or modifies th
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You asked which boy did it.She want
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pronoun, which can refer to either
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antecedents. When used as a relativ
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Is this ready?Are these ready?This
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3. is at the door?4. ____ was award
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11. Using the introductory phrase W
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12. The townspeople, ____ pride in
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Please tell me whose house they vis
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most plural eN most trees nearly al
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few plural eN few of the trees a sm
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A sentence which contains the word
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e.g. We each have our own ideas.In
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e.g. I bought no potatoes.We will c
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The only trees were somewhat damage
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described in the main clauseSheThe
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All of the dogs pricked up their ea
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16. Some books are missing.17. I ha
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ANSWERS TO THE EXERCISES for Chapte
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EnglandFranceChinaEnglishFrenchChin
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In a somewhat similar way, the dete
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e.g. clear, cold watercold, hard ic
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material is used as a type of defin
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following adjective unpredictable t
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However, when a defining adjective
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adjectives are usually separated fr
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4. Interpolated adjectivesAs well a
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Disconcerted by the news, we headed
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In the first example, will be close
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Answers5. Place the adjectives give
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At one end of the large old rectang
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7. the performers (ready)8. the cli
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Incorrect: Following in his footste
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flower pot 12. a warm, damp white f
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as a predicate adjective, preceded
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e.g. He is as tall as his brother.I
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Page 334 and 335: In this example, Alan is being comp
Page 336 and 337: 1. We are as proud as ______. (they
Page 338 and 339: 7. Sara and Barbara (age)8. Sara an
Page 340 and 341: 9. The ______ temperature on record
Page 342 and 343: Rupert is as able an administrator
Page 344 and 345: and a few other two· syllableadjec
Page 346 and 347: For adjectives which form the compa
Page 348 and 349: with plural countable nouns, and li
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Page 352 and 353: e.g. Her bicycleThe resultHis timet
Page 354 and 355: example, those is used to replace t
Page 356 and 357: Answers6. Rewrite each of the follo
Page 358 and 359: 1. Penny and Alex (money)2. Chris a
Page 360 and 361: 2. The taxes in Singapore are lower
Page 362 and 363: Answers to Exercise 11:1. We had mo
Page 364 and 365: athersotooveryIn addition, the word
Page 366 and 367: It should be noted that the adverbs
Page 368 and 369: Adverb phrases and clauses of manne
Page 370 and 371: He left his bicycle in the driveway
Page 372 and 373: word, in clauses indicating the exi
Page 374 and 375: Scarcely had we left the house, whe
Page 376 and 377: 11. They follow the news. (rarely)1
Page 380 and 381: Tell me where you have been.Where h
Page 382 and 383: 1. He needs no advice. or He does n
Page 384 and 385: v. Adjectives ending in yWhen the a
Page 386 and 387: uglyWhen it is desired to use one o
Page 388 and 389: However, there are several verbs wh
Page 390 and 391: littlemuchwelllessmorebetterleastmo
Page 392 and 393: We visited them less and less frequ
Page 394 and 395: 14. She was signaling ______. (fran
Page 396 and 397: We tasted the soup ______. (suspici
Page 398 and 399: The more you study, the ___ you wil
Page 400 and 401: In the first example, the noun corn
Page 402 and 403: 1. Lower than; under: below freezin
Page 404 and 405: Of1. Location: east of here; the mi
Page 406 and 407: Underneath1. Below, under: undernea
Page 408 and 409: y degrees: graduallyperform by ear:
Page 410 and 411: (opposite of in theory)in print: (o
Page 412 and 413: on time: at the correct timewalk on
Page 414 and 415: Againsttake precautions againstForh
Page 416 and 417: Betweentorn betweenByaccompanied by
Page 418 and 419: 5. Verbs followed by prepositionsTh
Page 420 and 421: agree withcollaborate withcommunica
Page 422 and 423: are quite intelligent.11. Since he
Page 424 and 425: 14. Are you aware ___ the risks inv
Page 426 and 427: to run intoto put offto look up tot
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prey on : hunt and eat; disturbprov
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The following are examples of phras
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The following are examples of trans
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think up: inventtrack down: search
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The following are examples of expre
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followed by a preposition, and a ph
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frown ongrow onhinge onlive onpick
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pass around: distributeshow around:
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a. Expressions in which the verb ha
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2. He usually sleeps after lunch. (
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1. The car slipped off the road . _
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11. The problem urgently requires a
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He neither finished his homework no
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1. later in time: After the train l
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in spite of thisat the time whenin
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accordingly: soalso: in additionbes
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pairs given in brackets. For exampl
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10. Her eyes shone ______ stars. (a
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Answers8. The following sentences a
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Adjectives, comparative form follow
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Apostrophe, use ofappearAppositiona
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consequently, used as connecting ad
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from, used after certain verbsfrom,
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Inverted word order, used with verb
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near and nearlynear, use ofNegative
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Participles, danglingParticiples us
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Pronouns, reflexivePronouns, relati
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Spelling rules for adding ed to for
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thisthosethouthough, used as subord
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we'rewe'vewell, use ofwerewere, use
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