60 years after the UN Convention - Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation

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94 development dialogue december 2008 – revisiting the heart of darkness
Colonialism and the holocaust – Towards an archeology of genocide Jürgen Zimmerer The German war against Poland and the USSR was without doubt the largest colonial war of conquest in history. Never before were so many people and resources mobilised by a conqueror and never before were war aims so expansive. Unprecedented, too, was the deliberately planned murder of such a large number of people, or at least the willing acceptance of their death. All of this served the goal of conquering ‘living space’ (Lebensraum) in the East, a colonial empire to which the Germans were supposedly entitled and which reached far beyond the Ural Mountains. 1 It was clear to those responsible on the German side, and above all to Hitler, that if there was a historical precedent, then only the history of colonialism could possibly provide an example for their plans: The struggle for hegemony in the world is decided for Europe by the possession of Russian territory; it makes Europe the place in the world most secure from blockade… The Slavic peoples on the other hand are not destined for their own life… The Russian territory is our India and, just as the English rule India with a handful of people, so will we govern this our colonial territory. We will supply the Ukrainians with headscarves, glass chains as jewelry, and whatever else colonial peoples like… My goals are not immoderate; basically these are all areas where Germans (Germanen) were previously settled. The German Volk is to grow into this territory. (Hitler, 17 September 1941; in Jochmann 1980: 60–64.) Although Hitler thus invoked the British Empire as a model, the Third Reich and its eff orts at expansion are rarely considered from the perspective of the history of colonialism, either because colonialism is automatically regarded as applying to regions outside Europe, or because the common understanding of colonialism is inadequate. In fact, historical scholarship has largely ignored structural similarities and avoided direct references between the two. Instead, the in- 1 This article was fi rst published in Moses 2004. For the debate surrounding the question see Zimmerer (2008).
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no. 50 | december 2008 Revisiting t
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Revisiting the heart of darkness -
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Acknowledgements The larger part of
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Dennis Brutus, born 1924 in then Rh
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8 development dialogue december 200
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In short, both the understanding of
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Behind most mass violence lurk econ
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ehind most mass violence lurk econo
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Is there a south perspective on gen
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is there a south perspective on gen
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The Voksenåsen Statement Genocides
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This Development Dialogue is publis
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60 years after the UN Convention - Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation

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