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Report 2011 - EFTA Court
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Report 2011 - EFTA Court
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© YAPH<br />
Foreword<br />
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© YAPH Foreword xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Foreword 4
The <strong>EFTA</strong> <strong>Court</strong> was set up under the Agreement on the European Economic Area (the EEA Agreement) of 2 May 1992. This was originally a treaty between, on the one hand, the European Communities and their then twelve Member States and, on the other hand, the <strong>EFTA</strong> States Austria, Finland, iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland. The treaty entered into force on 1 January 1994, except for Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Accordingly, the <strong>EFTA</strong> <strong>Court</strong> took up its functions on 1 January 1994 with five judges nominated by Austria, Finland, iceland, Norway and Sweden and appointed by common accord of the respective Governments. Austria, Finland and Sweden joined the European Union on 1 January 1995. Liechtenstein became a member of the EEA on 1 May 1995. The <strong>EFTA</strong> <strong>Court</strong> continued its work in its original composition of five judges until 30 June 1995, under a Transitional Arrangements Agreement. Since that date, the <strong>Court</strong> has been composed of three Judges appointed by common accord of the Governments of iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. Since 1 August 2007, the EEA has consisted of the 27 Member States of the European Union and of the three <strong>EFTA</strong> States iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. The present <strong>Report</strong> of the <strong>EFTA</strong> <strong>Court</strong> covers the period from 1 January to 31 December <strong>2011</strong> and contains the decisions rendered during that period as well as an overview of other activities of the <strong>Court</strong>. The reader is referred to the first <strong>Report</strong> of the <strong>Court</strong> 1994-1995, for general information on the establishment of the <strong>Court</strong>, its jurisdiction, legal status and procedures. The working language of the <strong>Court</strong> is English, and its Judgments, other decisions and <strong>Report</strong>s for the Hearing are published in English. Judgments in the form of Advisory Opinions, as well as the respective <strong>Report</strong>s for the Hearing, are translated to the language of the requesting national court. Both language versions are authentic and published in the <strong>Court</strong> <strong>Report</strong>s. When a case is published in two languages, the different language versions are published with corresponding page numbers to facilitate reference. A collection of relevant legal texts for the <strong>EFTA</strong> <strong>Court</strong>, as amended, can be found in the booklet <strong>EFTA</strong> <strong>Court</strong> Texts (latest edition, September 2008). The booklet is available in English, German, icelandic and Norwegian, and can be obtained from the Registry. All language versions of the texts can also be accessed on the <strong>EFTA</strong> <strong>Court</strong> website www.eftacourt.int xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Foreword Summary Case e-xx/x i
- Page 1 and 2: Summary Case e-xx/x RepoRt of the e
- Page 3: RepoRt of the eFtA Court 2011 www.e
- Page 7 and 8: Foreword I DECISIONS OF THE COURT C
- Page 9 and 10: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Summary C
- Page 11 and 12: I. Decisions of the Court xxxxxxxxx
- Page 13 and 14: CASE E-13/10 Aleris Ungplan AS v EF
- Page 15 and 16: ORDER OF THE COURT 31 January 2011
- Page 17 and 18: 2010) with the possibility of exten
- Page 19 and 20: Any natural or legal person may, un
- Page 21 and 22: 19 ESA argues that the special rule
- Page 23 and 24: Commission v Greece [2005] ECR I-47
- Page 25 and 26: Joined Cases e-4/10, e-6/10 and e-7
- Page 27 and 28: A measure by which the public autho
- Page 29 and 30: 10. The determination whether a mea
- Page 31 and 32: for the reasoning to go into all th
- Page 33 and 34: THE COURT, composed of: Carl Bauden
- Page 35 and 36: II LEGAL BACkGROUND EEA law 5 Artic
- Page 37 and 38: (iii) aid which is deemed to have b
- Page 39 and 40: 15 The coupon tax applies to compan
- Page 41 and 42: were requested to explain the tax t
- Page 43 and 44: ESA’s analysis, captive insurance
- Page 45 and 46: 2. The amount of aid to be recovere
- Page 47 and 48: 42 The reply from Reassur in Case E
- Page 49 and 50: activity, regardless of the legal s
- Page 51 and 52: the scheme at issue, without being
- Page 53 and 54: selective. Moreover, according to t
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73 in this regard, it has to be exa
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Arguments of the parties 81 The app
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Cases Portugal v Commission, cited
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Findings of the Court 94 With regar
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103 Reassur and Swisscom submit tha
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may have had tax concessions before
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119 Accordingly, the question wheth
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final decision. Reassur asserts tha
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134 in ESA’s view, the publicatio
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Findings of the Court 141 The aboli
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it was already established at the t
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154 ESA, with the support of the Co
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163 in the case at hand, the situat
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easoning followed by ESA in such a
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Although these were not necessarily
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The third part of the fourth plea:
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have been aware by the date of publ
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REPORT FOR THE HEARING in joined Ca
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Tax Act. This decision was publishe
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2010. The Reply from Reassur in Cas
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21. Article 5 SCA reads as follows:
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that the EFTA State concerned shall
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28. Article 17 in Part ii of Protoc
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73, points a) to f), of the Act, am
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- Swisscom, represented by Dr Micha
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that ESA’s findings in this regar
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for certain undertakings in compari
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the Groepsrentebox 19 and Hungarian
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question were introduced in order t
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provisions qualify as “existing
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qualified as “existing aid” acc
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much lower standard of protection o
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they were enacted until publication
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92. it is submitted that in cases w
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effects. in the applicants’ view,
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parties to whom it is of direct and
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CASE E-12/10 EFTA Surveillance Auth
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JUDGMENT OF THE COURT 28 June 2011
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to at point 30 of Annex Xviii to th
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(6) Whereas the transnationalizatio
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undertakings and to the undertaking
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No. 19/1979, Respecting Workers’
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information concerning the terms an
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ESA, the entitlement provided for i
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a “social security benefit”. Th
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The Commission 38 The Commission su
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44 The “minimum rates of pay, inc
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insurance for their employees conce
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Human Rights are important sources
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REPORT FOR THE HEARING in Case E-12
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II LEGAL BACkGROUND European law 6.
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2. Everyone residing and moving leg
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circumstances, and exceeds 12 month
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7. Paragraphs 1 to 6 shall not prev
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31. Article 3 of the Posting Act -
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If the undertaking so requests, the
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to register and provide information
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the Posting Act constitute minimum
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on grounds of illness for a period
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encompass “minimum wages and othe
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and accident” to be synonymous. A
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73. According to ESA, it follows th
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79. Furthermore, ESA submits that i
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87. Further, it seems to ESA that i
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Relevant law 92. iceland cites a co
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minimum protection set out in Artic
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Regulation No 1408/71 and Article 5
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ight as concerns the preservation o
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purposes of preserving their value
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124. in addition, iceland also subm
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sick leave is thus entitled to paid
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Regulation No 1408/71 and Article 5
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1408/71 for the protection of worke
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150. The Kingdom of Norway argues,
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155. The Kingdom of Norway acknowle
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deemed to fall within the scope of
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169. The Commission further submits
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Directive 96/71 and Article 7 of th
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Case e-18/10 EFTA Surveillance Auth
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end of the period prescribed in the
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having decided to dispense with the
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men and women in occupational socia
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18 in its reply of 11 March 2010, t
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Court. Article 33 SCA corresponds i
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VI COSTS 33 Under Article 66(2) of
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Case e-4/11 Arnulf Clauder Case xxx
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RECHTSSACHE E-4/11 Arnulf Clauder (
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a, b oder c erfüllt, d. h. dass de
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URTEIL DES GERICHTSHOFS 26. Juli 20
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- der Regierung des Königreichs de
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3 Für eine ausführliche Darstellu
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2. „Familienangehöriger“ a) de
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das Recht, sich dort auf Dauer aufz
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13 im Jahr 2009 wurde die Ehe zwisc
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18 in seinem Antrag auf vorabentsch
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Familiennachzug selbst dann geltend
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Daueraufenthaltsrecht nicht mehr an
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2004/38 für EWR-Staatsangehörige
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den Artikeln 6 und 7 der Richtlinie
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Familienangehörige selbst die Bedi
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35 Der Gerichtshof stellt weiterhin
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sondern abgeleitete Rechte, die sie
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43 Nach dem Dafürhalten des Gerich
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46 Könnte ein EWR-Staatsangehörig
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ist. Nach ständiger Rechtsprechung
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Aus diesen Gründen erstellt DER GE
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SITZUNGSBERICHT in der Rechtssache
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II RECHTLICHER HINTERGRUND Europare
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6. Artikel 7 der Richtlinie - Recht
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8. Artikel 24 der Richtlinie - Glei
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11. Die Liechtenstein betreffenden
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anderen Mitgliedstaats zu verbleibe
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3) Die Kontrollfrist zur Überprüf
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16. Die in Artikel 41 Absatz 1 Buch
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19. im Jahr 2002, nach mehrfacher v
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24. Am 26. April 2010 erhob Herr Cl
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- die Regierung des Fürstentums Li
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lücke darstellt, sondern dass das
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von EWR-Staaten erfüllen müssen,
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ermittelt wird - die Kriterien, die
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38. Mit Blick auf den Erwerb eines
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invalidenversicherung 11 (ELG) abh
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Zur dritten Frage 42. Die Regierung
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Existenzmittel zur Bedingung zu mac
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tigten EU-Bürger nachziehen möcht
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Staat laut völkerrecht, vorbehaltl
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fünf Jahre lang ununterbrochen im
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56. Die EFTA-Überwachungsbehörde
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58. Die EFTA-Überwachungsbehörde
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60. Angesichts dieser Erwägungen v
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die EFTA-Überwachungsbehörde, das
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Arbeitnehmer oder Selbstständiger
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enthaltsberechtigten das Recht auf
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Familie nach einem fünfjährigen A
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mission erinnert daran, dass nach s
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Case e-14/10 Konkurrenten.no AS v E
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to the provisions of national law p
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- the European Commission (“the C
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constitute an aid, and subsequently
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III PRE-LITIGATION PROCEDURE 12 By
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In order to compensate for the oper
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that no changes had been made to th
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of scheduled bus transport services
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34 With regard to the first and sec
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for the measure and thus enable the
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Sporveier to operate scheduled bus
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59 As ESA neither explained its fin
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maintains that the aid must be seen
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allocating costs nor that the accou
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Findings of the Court 84 As a preli
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92 it follows from all of the foreg
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3. The application is based on thre
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[…] 7. Article 16 of the Agreemen
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incompatible with the EEA Agreement
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In order to compensate for the oper
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SCA. 6 it answered that question in
- Page 367 and 368:
V FORMS OF ORDER SOUGHT By THE PART
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in April 2010, and that the contest
- Page 371 and 372:
States to prolong aid in principle
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44. in the rejoinder, the defendant
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which had an effect on Oslo Sporvei
- Page 377 and 378:
decision to make the capital inject
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statements of the Norwegian authori
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the aid. 43 Concerning the argument
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of alteration which affects the ent
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submits that in order to determine
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contends that the capital injection
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Case e-16/10 Philip Morris Norway A
- Page 391 and 392:
SAK E-16/10 Philip Morris Norway AS
- Page 393 and 394:
importerte tobakksprodukter har en
- Page 395 and 396:
EFTA-DOMSTOLENS DOM 12. september 2
- Page 397 and 398:
- Philip Morris Norway AS (”saks
- Page 399 and 400:
slik I FAkTA OG PROSEDyRE DOM 1 ved
- Page 401 and 402:
forbudet mot synlig oppstilling av
- Page 403 and 404:
Bestemmelsene i artikkel 11 og 12 s
- Page 405 and 406:
Det kan på utsalgssteder gis nøyt
- Page 407 and 408:
Innlegg inngitt til EFTA-domstolen
- Page 409 and 410:
frie varebytte etter EØS-avtalen a
- Page 411 and 412:
ha en direkte effekt på bruken av
- Page 413 and 414:
Denne sak faller derfor utenfor omr
- Page 415 and 416:
dens oppfatning ikke er relevant fo
- Page 417 and 418:
skape presedens for å tillate EØS
- Page 419 and 420:
ikke får anvendelse på nasjonal l
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hvorvidt forbudet mot synlig oppsti
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2005 s. 1, avsnitt 45, og den retts
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44 Bestemmelser som gjelder salgsor
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importeres til Norge. Disse produkt
- Page 429 and 430:
en slik virkning ikke klart kan fas
- Page 431 and 432:
54 Saksøker anfører at en forhold
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57 Saksøkte gjør gjeldende at om
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forholdsmessighetsperspektiv bare d
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av alternativene saksøker viser ti
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aktuelle restriktive tiltak. Selv o
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anta, alt tatt i betraktning, at fo
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så omfattende at saksøkte må bev
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74 Kommisjonen anfører at EU-domst
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Rep. 2007 s. 86, avsnitt 43). EFTA-
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i størst mulig grad reduserer en f
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det vises til der, og sak C-434/04
- Page 453 and 454:
På dette grunnlag avgir EFTA-DOMST
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RETTSMØTERAPPORT i sak E-16/10 ANM
- Page 457 and 458:
for markedsføring i alle typer med
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III SPØRSMåL 7. Følgende spørsm
- Page 461 and 462:
mot tobakksskader 9. mars 1973 nr.
- Page 463 and 464:
Med røykeutstyr forstås i denne l
- Page 465 and 466:
Saksøker - Europakommisjonen, repr
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16. Uten hensyn til viktigheten av
- Page 469 and 470:
ter utgjør en hindring av det frie
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Oppstillingsforbudet og spesialiser
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eller iii) hindrer adgang for impor
- Page 475 and 476:
28. Saksøker foreslår følgende s
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32. i tillegg understreker saksøke
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staterer saksøker at partene er ue
- Page 481 and 482:
at det finnes noe årsakssammenheng
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tobakksmerker. Disse konsekvenser o
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Mindre inngripende tiltak for å re
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det finske parlament med at et slik
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Saksøkte vurdert alle bevisene i s
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edusere bruken av tobakk. Disse til
- Page 493 and 494:
forbyr forbud mot synlig oppstillin
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ør forstås som en oppfordring til
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er kjent med at det har pågått ar
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Det første spørsmål 65. Saksøkt
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enhver omstendighet må anvendelsen
- Page 503 and 504:
70. Saksøkte anfører at i mange s
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markedsadgangen for produkter fra a
- Page 507 and 508:
og innenlandske produkter. Saksøkt
- Page 509 and 510:
at saksøkers syn er basert på en
- Page 511 and 512:
80. Saksøkte viser til fast rettsp
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hvordan et oppstillingsforbud kan v
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som skal behandles, hvorvidt angjel
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å nå det aktuelle mål. 66 i till
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tiltak er et ledd i en konsistent,
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97. Saksøkte understreker to forho
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ikke finnes; de alternative tiltak
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103. Saksøkte anmoder EFTA-domstol
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tilsvarende virkning som en kvantit
- Page 529 and 530:
som produkter hvis forbruk er knytt
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114. ifølge Finlands regjering er
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øyking. Derfor kan det ikke være
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enkeltes rett til å utøve det yrk
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er forskjellsbehandling. 86 Kombine
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underbygges med dokumentasjon på e
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Spørsmål 1: En lovgivning som fas
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Storbritannia Det første spørsmå
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mellom tobakksmarkedet og alkoholma
- Page 547 and 548:
skjønnsmargin, og at EFTA-domstole
- Page 549 and 550:
Storbritannia bemerker at EU-domsto
- Page 551 and 552:
synlig oppstilling av tobakksproduk
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fant at salgsordninger ikke skal be
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meget lite antall, anfører ESA at
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andre EØS-stater. 111 Til det tred
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156. Når det gjelder hvorvidt mind
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159. ifølge rettspraksis kan imidl
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162. Kommisjonen gjør gjeldende at
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Case e-5/11 EFTA Surveillance Autho
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JUDGMENT OF THE COURT 20 September
- Page 569 and 570:
Decision entered into force on 1 Ja
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13 Having assessed the reply, ESA u
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24 it is further argued that in the
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On those grounds, hereby: THE COURT
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Case e-3/11 Pálmi Sigmarsson v The
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MáL E-3/11 Pálmi Sigmarsson gegn
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hvort þær uppfylli þær kröfur
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DÓMUR DÓMSTÓLSINS 14. desember 2
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- Eftirlitsstofnun EFTA (ESA), í f
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2 Í 2. og 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-samn
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sameiginlegu EES-nefndinni og eftir
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að mati Seðlabankans alvarlegum o
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II MáLAVEXTIR OG MEðFERð MáLSIN
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III SPURNINGIN Lögsaga Athugasemdi
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fylgt málsmeðferðinni sem mælt
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Álit dómstólsins 24 Dómstóllin
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29 Í öðru lagi bendir efni og up
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takmarkanir á frjálsu flæði fj
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nein hlutlæg viðmið í reglum hi
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framkvæmd EES-samningsins. Þau te
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skilyrði teljist uppfyllt og til h
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fjárhæðin í hans tilviki sé ti
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legum þáttum. EFTA-ríki njóta
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sem bönnuðu innflutning aflandskr
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IV MáLSkOSTNAðUR 57 Ríkisstjórn
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SkÝRSLA FRAMSöGUMANNS í máli E-
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4. Í 2. og 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-sam
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verið veittar upplýsingar. Þegar
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eglur um gjaldeyrismál nr. 1082/20
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III MáLAVEXTIR OG MEðFERð MáLSI
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Stefnandi - Stefnda, Seðlabanka Í
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áðstafanir ekki brjóta í bága
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Seðlabankinn verði að líta til
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Stefndi 30. Stefndi gerir þá alme
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við verndarráðstafanirnar. Enn f
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aðgerðanna falli utan lögsögu E
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41. Að teknu tilliti til hins mikl
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um gjaldeyrismál - sé í samræmi
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4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-samningsins sé
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við 2. gr. bókunar 2 við samning
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hæpið að halda því fram að a
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tilvist slíks undanþágukerfis fr
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CASE E-8/11 EFTA Surveillance Autho
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THE COURT, composed of: Carl Bauden
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… have more than 60 000 train pas
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2.2. A characterisation of their su
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15 in its reply to the reasoned opi
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Articles 7(1) and 7(2) of the Direc
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Court notes that it is apparent fro
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On those grounds, hereby: THE COURT
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Case e-1/11 Dr A xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
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SAk E-1/11 Dr. A (Fri bevegelighet
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forholdsmessige, for eksempel med h
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EFTA-DOMSTOLENS DOM 15. desember 20
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- Europakommisjonen (“Kommisjonen
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faglig veiledning og tilsyn av over
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7 Den 23. februar 2009 søkte klage
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anerkjennelse av yrkeskvalifikasjon
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14 Direktivets artikkel 2 lyder: Om
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… 24 og 25,….og skal med hensyn
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formelle kvalifikasjoner avgitt fra
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d) ikke er uegnet for yrket … (3)
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norsk autorisasjon, lisens eller sp
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30 Det henvises til rettsmøterappo
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Liiton Kustannus Oy Restamark, EFTA
- Page 699 and 700:
22. desember 2010, ennå ikke i Sml
- Page 701 and 702:
44 ifølge opplysningene gitt av de
- Page 703 and 704:
direkte på grunnlag av direktivet.
- Page 705 and 706:
for en diskvalifisering kunne være
- Page 707 and 708:
direktivet omhandler er harmonisert
- Page 709 and 710:
språket. Etter ESAs oppfatning fø
- Page 711 and 712:
yrkeskvalifikasjoner er gitt i henh
- Page 713 and 714:
65 Direktivet bygger på en forutse
- Page 715 and 716:
krever relevant språkkunnskap i de
- Page 717 and 718:
medisinske fagfolk og eventuelt til
- Page 719 and 720:
78 Når det gjelder grunnlaget i au
- Page 721 and 722:
På dette grunnlag avgir EFTA-DOMST
- Page 723 and 724:
RETTSMØTERAPPORT i sak E-1/11 ANMO
- Page 725 and 726:
5. i vedtak av 12. august 2009 avsl
- Page 727 and 728:
IV RETTSLIG BAkGRUNN EØS-rett 8. E
- Page 729 and 730:
2. For dette direktivs formål er y
- Page 731 and 732:
mindre enn varigheten fastsatt i ne
- Page 733 and 734:
15. Direktivets artikkel 53 lyder:
- Page 735 and 736:
V SkRIFTLIGE INNLEGG 20. i medhold
- Page 737 and 738:
anerkjennes, om nødvendig ved å g
- Page 739 and 740:
“akseptabel praksis” at godkjen
- Page 741 and 742:
anerkjent i Norge. 4 Derimot kan hu
- Page 743 and 744:
yrkeskvalifikasjoner, kun underlagt
- Page 745 and 746:
denne hovedforutsetning undergraves
- Page 747 and 748:
lir denne konklusjon bekreftet ikke
- Page 749 and 750:
individene på bakgrunn av direktiv
- Page 751 and 752:
43. Den spanske regjering viser ogs
- Page 753 and 754:
utilstrekkelighet, bør vedkommende
- Page 755 and 756:
artikkel 23 har rett til godkjennin
- Page 757 and 758:
autorisasjon og ikke til godkjennin
- Page 759 and 760:
53. Når det gjelder den tredje bet
- Page 761 and 762:
direktivet enhver EØS-stat som reg
- Page 763 and 764:
opplæringskurser som er relevante
- Page 765 and 766:
nr. 6 må alle EØS-stater godkjenn
- Page 767 and 768:
67. videre bemerker ESA at direktiv
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70. For så vidt gjelder den situas
- Page 771 and 772:
(som definert i artikkel 24) og bå
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seg til å kontrollere at diplomet
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78. Under enhver omstendighet vil d
- Page 777 and 778:
vertsstatens nasjonale myndigheter,
- Page 779 and 780:
Europakommisjonen 83. Kommisjonen p
- Page 781 and 782:
85. Kommisjonen konstaterer at dire
- Page 783 and 784:
virkning fra 1. juli 2009 (dvs. for
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spesialistleger) som er oppført i
- Page 787 and 788:
Kommisjonen at godkjenning av medis
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1. I en situasjon hvor en søker op
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II. Administration and Activities o
- Page 793 and 794:
Agreement states that the Governmen
- Page 795 and 796:
III. Judges and staff xxxxxxxxxxxxx
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In addition to the Judges, the foll
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Per CHRISTIANSEN Born in 1949 in La
- Page 801 and 802:
Skúli MAGNÚSSON Born: 14 October
- Page 803 and 804:
List of Court Decisions published i
- Page 805 and 806:
Case Parties Type of Case 9 E-1/95
- Page 807 and 808:
Case Parties Type of Case 26 E-9/97
- Page 809 and 810:
Case Parties Type of Case 41 E-6/00
- Page 811 and 812:
Case Parties Type of Case 57 E-2/03
- Page 813 and 814:
Case Parties Type of Case 69 E-10/0
- Page 815 and 816:
Case Parties Type of Case 78 E-4/06
- Page 817 and 818:
Case Parties Type of Case 90 Joined
- Page 819 and 820:
Case Parties Type of Case 103 E-8/0
- Page 821 and 822:
Case Parties Type of Case 116 E-16/
- Page 823 and 824:
The EFTA Court was set up under the
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