Report 2011 - EFTA Court

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the Agreement on a Standing Committee, make recommendations regarding amendments to the measures notified to it. in this regard, ESA notes that, to the best of its knowledge, the icelandic notifications did not result in any response from the other EEA States or recommendations from the EFTA Standing Committee. 51. Moreover, ESA notes that it has dealt with a complaint concerning the restrictions on capital movements in question, which it closed by a decision of 17 November 2010. in that decision, ESA held that it “has not been presented with any information that might suggest that the conditions for iceland to apply Articles 43(2) and 43(4) were not fulfilled”. in ESA’s view, the order for reference in the present case contains no information capable of leading to a different conclusion. 52. ESA proposes that the Court should answer the question as follows: Consideration of the question raised has disclosed no factor of such a kind as to suggest that it is incompatible with Article 43(2) and (4) of the EEA Agreement for the Icelandic State to have prevented an Icelandic national, residing in Britain, from transferring to Iceland, Icelandic krónur which he had purchased on the offshore market in Britain. The European Commission 53. The European Commission (“the Commission”) notes that Article 43(2) and (4) EEA expressly permits an EEA State to take “protective measures” where there is either a disturbance in the functioning of its capital market, or the State is in difficulties as regards its balance of payments. it asserts that a detailed assessment of the existence of such a situation is primarily a matter for the EFTA Standing Committee under Protocol 18 to the EEA Agreement and for ESA. The Commission observes that it is clearly not in a position to be able to comment on this in detail. it notes, however, that within the Union context, the former safeguard clause for disturbances in the capital markets was invoked only once, by Denmark in the period 1979-1984. in its Case E-3/11 Pálmi Sigmarsson v xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx The Central Bank of iceland 498 464
við 2. gr. bókunar 2 við samninginn um fastanefnd EFTA-ríkjanna, sett fram tillögur að úrbótum á þeim breytingum sem nefndinni er tilkynnt um. Í þessu samhengi tekur ESA fram, að samkvæmt bestu vitund hafi tilkynningar Íslands hvorki leitt til viðbragða annarra EES-ríkja né til tillagna frá fastanefnd EFTA-ríkjanna. 51. ESA tekur einnig fram að stofnunin hafi móttekið kvörtun varðandi umræddar takmarkanir á fjármagnshreyfingum. ESA lauk því máli með ákvörðun 17. nóvember 2010. Í ákvörðuninni segir að ESA „hafi ekki borist nein gögn sem bent gætu til þess að Ísland uppfyllti ekki skilyrði fyrir beitingu 2. og 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-samningsins“. Að mati ESA felur beiðnin um ráðgefandi álit dómstólsins í máli þessu ekki í sér neinar upplýsingar sem leitt gætu til annarrar niðurstöðu. 52. ESA leggur til að dómstóllinn svari spurningunni með eftirfarandi hætti: Umfjöllun um spurningu Héraðsdóms Reykjavíkur hefur ekki leitt neitt í ljós sem gefur til kynna að það samrýmist ekki 2. og 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-samningsins að íslenska ríkið hafi meinað íslenskum ríkisborgara, búsettum í Bretlandi, að flytja til Íslands íslenskar krónur, sem hann keypti á aflandsmarkaði í Bretlandi. Framkvæmdastjórn Evrópubandalaganna 53. Framkvæmdastjórn Evrópubandalaganna bendir á að 2. og 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-samningsins heimili EES-ríki með skýrum hætti að grípa til „verndarráðstafana“ þegar um sé að ræða röskun á starfsemi fjármálamarkaðar þess, eða að ríkið eigi í örðugleikum með greiðslujöfnuð. Framkvæmdastjórnin telur að mat á því hvort slíkar aðstæður séu fyrir hendi sé fyrst og fremst innan verkahrings fastanefndar EFTA-ríkjanna, samkvæmt bókun 18 við EES-samninginn, og ESA. Framkvæmdastjórnin segist ekki vera í aðstöðu til að tjá sig um slíkt í smáatriðum. Hún tiltekur hins vegar að hvað Evrópusambandið varðar hafi fyrra verndarákvæðinu, vegna röskunar á fjármagnsmörkuðum, einungis einu sinni verið beitt, þegar Danmörk greip til þess á árunum 1979-1984. Að mati framkvæmdastjórnarinnar væri Case E-3/11 Pálmi Sigmarsson v The xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Central Bank of iceland Summary Report CAse Case e-xx/x e-3/11 499 464
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Summary Case e-xx/x RepoRt of the e
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RepoRt of the eFtA Court 2011 www.e
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The EFTA Court was set up under the
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Foreword I DECISIONS OF THE COURT C
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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Summary C
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I. Decisions of the Court xxxxxxxxx
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CASE E-13/10 Aleris Ungplan AS v EF
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ORDER OF THE COURT 31 January 2011
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2010) with the possibility of exten
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Any natural or legal person may, un
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19 ESA argues that the special rule
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Commission v Greece [2005] ECR I-47
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Joined Cases e-4/10, e-6/10 and e-7
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A measure by which the public autho
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10. The determination whether a mea
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for the reasoning to go into all th
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THE COURT, composed of: Carl Bauden
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II LEGAL BACkGROUND EEA law 5 Artic
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(iii) aid which is deemed to have b
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15 The coupon tax applies to compan
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were requested to explain the tax t
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ESA’s analysis, captive insurance
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2. The amount of aid to be recovere
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42 The reply from Reassur in Case E
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activity, regardless of the legal s
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the scheme at issue, without being
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selective. Moreover, according to t
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73 in this regard, it has to be exa
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Arguments of the parties 81 The app
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Cases Portugal v Commission, cited
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Findings of the Court 94 With regar
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103 Reassur and Swisscom submit tha
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may have had tax concessions before
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119 Accordingly, the question wheth
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final decision. Reassur asserts tha
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134 in ESA’s view, the publicatio
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Findings of the Court 141 The aboli
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it was already established at the t
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154 ESA, with the support of the Co
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163 in the case at hand, the situat
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easoning followed by ESA in such a
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Although these were not necessarily
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The third part of the fourth plea:
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have been aware by the date of publ
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REPORT FOR THE HEARING in joined Ca
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Tax Act. This decision was publishe
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2010. The Reply from Reassur in Cas
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21. Article 5 SCA reads as follows:
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that the EFTA State concerned shall
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28. Article 17 in Part ii of Protoc
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73, points a) to f), of the Act, am
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- Swisscom, represented by Dr Micha
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that ESA’s findings in this regar
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for certain undertakings in compari
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the Groepsrentebox 19 and Hungarian
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question were introduced in order t
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provisions qualify as “existing
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qualified as “existing aid” acc
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much lower standard of protection o
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they were enacted until publication
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92. it is submitted that in cases w
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effects. in the applicants’ view,
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parties to whom it is of direct and
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CASE E-12/10 EFTA Surveillance Auth
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JUDGMENT OF THE COURT 28 June 2011
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to at point 30 of Annex Xviii to th
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(6) Whereas the transnationalizatio
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undertakings and to the undertaking
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No. 19/1979, Respecting Workers’
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information concerning the terms an
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ESA, the entitlement provided for i
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a “social security benefit”. Th
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The Commission 38 The Commission su
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44 The “minimum rates of pay, inc
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insurance for their employees conce
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Human Rights are important sources
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REPORT FOR THE HEARING in Case E-12
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II LEGAL BACkGROUND European law 6.
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2. Everyone residing and moving leg
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circumstances, and exceeds 12 month
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7. Paragraphs 1 to 6 shall not prev
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31. Article 3 of the Posting Act -
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If the undertaking so requests, the
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to register and provide information
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the Posting Act constitute minimum
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on grounds of illness for a period
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encompass “minimum wages and othe
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and accident” to be synonymous. A
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73. According to ESA, it follows th
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79. Furthermore, ESA submits that i
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87. Further, it seems to ESA that i
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Relevant law 92. iceland cites a co
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minimum protection set out in Artic
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Regulation No 1408/71 and Article 5
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ight as concerns the preservation o
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purposes of preserving their value
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124. in addition, iceland also subm
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sick leave is thus entitled to paid
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Regulation No 1408/71 and Article 5
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1408/71 for the protection of worke
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150. The Kingdom of Norway argues,
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155. The Kingdom of Norway acknowle
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deemed to fall within the scope of
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169. The Commission further submits
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Directive 96/71 and Article 7 of th
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Case e-18/10 EFTA Surveillance Auth
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end of the period prescribed in the
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having decided to dispense with the
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men and women in occupational socia
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18 in its reply of 11 March 2010, t
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Court. Article 33 SCA corresponds i
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VI COSTS 33 Under Article 66(2) of
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Case e-4/11 Arnulf Clauder Case xxx
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RECHTSSACHE E-4/11 Arnulf Clauder (
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a, b oder c erfüllt, d. h. dass de
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URTEIL DES GERICHTSHOFS 26. Juli 20
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- der Regierung des Königreichs de
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3 Für eine ausführliche Darstellu
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2. „Familienangehöriger“ a) de
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das Recht, sich dort auf Dauer aufz
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13 im Jahr 2009 wurde die Ehe zwisc
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18 in seinem Antrag auf vorabentsch
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Familiennachzug selbst dann geltend
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Daueraufenthaltsrecht nicht mehr an
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2004/38 für EWR-Staatsangehörige
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den Artikeln 6 und 7 der Richtlinie
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Familienangehörige selbst die Bedi
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35 Der Gerichtshof stellt weiterhin
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sondern abgeleitete Rechte, die sie
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43 Nach dem Dafürhalten des Gerich
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46 Könnte ein EWR-Staatsangehörig
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ist. Nach ständiger Rechtsprechung
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Aus diesen Gründen erstellt DER GE
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SITZUNGSBERICHT in der Rechtssache
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II RECHTLICHER HINTERGRUND Europare
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6. Artikel 7 der Richtlinie - Recht
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8. Artikel 24 der Richtlinie - Glei
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11. Die Liechtenstein betreffenden
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anderen Mitgliedstaats zu verbleibe
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3) Die Kontrollfrist zur Überprüf
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16. Die in Artikel 41 Absatz 1 Buch
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19. im Jahr 2002, nach mehrfacher v
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24. Am 26. April 2010 erhob Herr Cl
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- die Regierung des Fürstentums Li
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lücke darstellt, sondern dass das
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von EWR-Staaten erfüllen müssen,
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ermittelt wird - die Kriterien, die
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38. Mit Blick auf den Erwerb eines
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invalidenversicherung 11 (ELG) abh
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Zur dritten Frage 42. Die Regierung
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Existenzmittel zur Bedingung zu mac
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tigten EU-Bürger nachziehen möcht
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Staat laut völkerrecht, vorbehaltl
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fünf Jahre lang ununterbrochen im
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56. Die EFTA-Überwachungsbehörde
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58. Die EFTA-Überwachungsbehörde
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60. Angesichts dieser Erwägungen v
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die EFTA-Überwachungsbehörde, das
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Arbeitnehmer oder Selbstständiger
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enthaltsberechtigten das Recht auf
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Familie nach einem fünfjährigen A
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mission erinnert daran, dass nach s
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Case e-14/10 Konkurrenten.no AS v E
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to the provisions of national law p
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- the European Commission (“the C
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constitute an aid, and subsequently
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III PRE-LITIGATION PROCEDURE 12 By
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In order to compensate for the oper
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that no changes had been made to th
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of scheduled bus transport services
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34 With regard to the first and sec
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for the measure and thus enable the
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Sporveier to operate scheduled bus
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59 As ESA neither explained its fin
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maintains that the aid must be seen
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allocating costs nor that the accou
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Findings of the Court 84 As a preli
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92 it follows from all of the foreg
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3. The application is based on thre
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[…] 7. Article 16 of the Agreemen
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incompatible with the EEA Agreement
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In order to compensate for the oper
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SCA. 6 it answered that question in
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V FORMS OF ORDER SOUGHT By THE PART
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in April 2010, and that the contest
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States to prolong aid in principle
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44. in the rejoinder, the defendant
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which had an effect on Oslo Sporvei
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decision to make the capital inject
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statements of the Norwegian authori
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the aid. 43 Concerning the argument
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of alteration which affects the ent
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submits that in order to determine
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contends that the capital injection
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Case e-16/10 Philip Morris Norway A
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SAK E-16/10 Philip Morris Norway AS
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importerte tobakksprodukter har en
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EFTA-DOMSTOLENS DOM 12. september 2
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- Philip Morris Norway AS (”saks
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slik I FAkTA OG PROSEDyRE DOM 1 ved
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forbudet mot synlig oppstilling av
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Bestemmelsene i artikkel 11 og 12 s
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Det kan på utsalgssteder gis nøyt
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Innlegg inngitt til EFTA-domstolen
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frie varebytte etter EØS-avtalen a
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ha en direkte effekt på bruken av
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Denne sak faller derfor utenfor omr
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dens oppfatning ikke er relevant fo
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skape presedens for å tillate EØS
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ikke får anvendelse på nasjonal l
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hvorvidt forbudet mot synlig oppsti
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2005 s. 1, avsnitt 45, og den retts
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44 Bestemmelser som gjelder salgsor
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importeres til Norge. Disse produkt
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en slik virkning ikke klart kan fas
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54 Saksøker anfører at en forhold
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57 Saksøkte gjør gjeldende at om
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forholdsmessighetsperspektiv bare d
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av alternativene saksøker viser ti
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aktuelle restriktive tiltak. Selv o
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anta, alt tatt i betraktning, at fo
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så omfattende at saksøkte må bev
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74 Kommisjonen anfører at EU-domst
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Rep. 2007 s. 86, avsnitt 43). EFTA-
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i størst mulig grad reduserer en f
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det vises til der, og sak C-434/04
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På dette grunnlag avgir EFTA-DOMST
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RETTSMØTERAPPORT i sak E-16/10 ANM
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for markedsføring i alle typer med
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III SPØRSMåL 7. Følgende spørsm
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mot tobakksskader 9. mars 1973 nr.
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Med røykeutstyr forstås i denne l
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Saksøker - Europakommisjonen, repr
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16. Uten hensyn til viktigheten av
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ter utgjør en hindring av det frie
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Oppstillingsforbudet og spesialiser
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eller iii) hindrer adgang for impor
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28. Saksøker foreslår følgende s
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32. i tillegg understreker saksøke
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staterer saksøker at partene er ue
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at det finnes noe årsakssammenheng
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tobakksmerker. Disse konsekvenser o
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Mindre inngripende tiltak for å re
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det finske parlament med at et slik
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Saksøkte vurdert alle bevisene i s
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edusere bruken av tobakk. Disse til
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forbyr forbud mot synlig oppstillin
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ør forstås som en oppfordring til
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er kjent med at det har pågått ar
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Det første spørsmål 65. Saksøkt
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enhver omstendighet må anvendelsen
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70. Saksøkte anfører at i mange s
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markedsadgangen for produkter fra a
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og innenlandske produkter. Saksøkt
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at saksøkers syn er basert på en
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80. Saksøkte viser til fast rettsp
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hvordan et oppstillingsforbud kan v
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som skal behandles, hvorvidt angjel
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å nå det aktuelle mål. 66 i till
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tiltak er et ledd i en konsistent,
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97. Saksøkte understreker to forho
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ikke finnes; de alternative tiltak
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103. Saksøkte anmoder EFTA-domstol
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tilsvarende virkning som en kvantit
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som produkter hvis forbruk er knytt
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114. ifølge Finlands regjering er
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øyking. Derfor kan det ikke være
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enkeltes rett til å utøve det yrk
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er forskjellsbehandling. 86 Kombine
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underbygges med dokumentasjon på e
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Spørsmål 1: En lovgivning som fas
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Storbritannia Det første spørsmå
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mellom tobakksmarkedet og alkoholma
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skjønnsmargin, og at EFTA-domstole
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Storbritannia bemerker at EU-domsto
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synlig oppstilling av tobakksproduk
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fant at salgsordninger ikke skal be
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meget lite antall, anfører ESA at
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andre EØS-stater. 111 Til det tred
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156. Når det gjelder hvorvidt mind
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159. ifølge rettspraksis kan imidl
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162. Kommisjonen gjør gjeldende at
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Case e-5/11 EFTA Surveillance Autho
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JUDGMENT OF THE COURT 20 September
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Decision entered into force on 1 Ja
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13 Having assessed the reply, ESA u
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24 it is further argued that in the
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On those grounds, hereby: THE COURT
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Case e-3/11 Pálmi Sigmarsson v The
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MáL E-3/11 Pálmi Sigmarsson gegn
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hvort þær uppfylli þær kröfur
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DÓMUR DÓMSTÓLSINS 14. desember 2
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- Eftirlitsstofnun EFTA (ESA), í f
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2 Í 2. og 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-samn
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sameiginlegu EES-nefndinni og eftir
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að mati Seðlabankans alvarlegum o
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II MáLAVEXTIR OG MEðFERð MáLSIN
Page 595 and 596: III SPURNINGIN Lögsaga Athugasemdi
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Page 599 and 600: Álit dómstólsins 24 Dómstóllin
Page 601 and 602: 29 Í öðru lagi bendir efni og up
Page 603 and 604: takmarkanir á frjálsu flæði fj
Page 605 and 606: nein hlutlæg viðmið í reglum hi
Page 607 and 608: framkvæmd EES-samningsins. Þau te
Page 609 and 610: skilyrði teljist uppfyllt og til h
Page 611 and 612: fjárhæðin í hans tilviki sé ti
Page 613 and 614: legum þáttum. EFTA-ríki njóta
Page 615 and 616: sem bönnuðu innflutning aflandskr
Page 617 and 618: IV MáLSkOSTNAðUR 57 Ríkisstjórn
Page 619 and 620: SkÝRSLA FRAMSöGUMANNS í máli E-
Page 621 and 622: 4. Í 2. og 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-sam
Page 623 and 624: verið veittar upplýsingar. Þegar
Page 625 and 626: eglur um gjaldeyrismál nr. 1082/20
Page 627 and 628: III MáLAVEXTIR OG MEðFERð MáLSI
Page 629 and 630: Stefnandi - Stefnda, Seðlabanka Í
Page 631 and 632: áðstafanir ekki brjóta í bága
Page 633 and 634: Seðlabankinn verði að líta til
Page 635 and 636: Stefndi 30. Stefndi gerir þá alme
Page 637 and 638: við verndarráðstafanirnar. Enn f
Page 639 and 640: aðgerðanna falli utan lögsögu E
Page 641 and 642: 41. Að teknu tilliti til hins mikl
Page 643 and 644: um gjaldeyrismál - sé í samræmi
Page 645: 4. mgr. 43. gr. EES-samningsins sé
Page 649 and 650: hæpið að halda því fram að a
Page 651 and 652: tilvist slíks undanþágukerfis fr
Page 653 and 654: CASE E-8/11 EFTA Surveillance Autho
Page 655 and 656: THE COURT, composed of: Carl Bauden
Page 657 and 658: … have more than 60 000 train pas
Page 659 and 660: 2.2. A characterisation of their su
Page 661 and 662: 15 in its reply to the reasoned opi
Page 663 and 664: Articles 7(1) and 7(2) of the Direc
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Page 671 and 672: SAk E-1/11 Dr. A (Fri bevegelighet
Page 673 and 674: forholdsmessige, for eksempel med h
Page 675 and 676: EFTA-DOMSTOLENS DOM 15. desember 20
Page 677 and 678: - Europakommisjonen (“Kommisjonen
Page 679 and 680: faglig veiledning og tilsyn av over
Page 681 and 682: 7 Den 23. februar 2009 søkte klage
Page 683 and 684: anerkjennelse av yrkeskvalifikasjon
Page 685 and 686: 14 Direktivets artikkel 2 lyder: Om
Page 687 and 688: … 24 og 25,….og skal med hensyn
Page 689 and 690: formelle kvalifikasjoner avgitt fra
Page 691 and 692: d) ikke er uegnet for yrket … (3)
Page 693 and 694: norsk autorisasjon, lisens eller sp
Page 695 and 696: 30 Det henvises til rettsmøterappo
Page 697 and 698:
Liiton Kustannus Oy Restamark, EFTA
Page 699 and 700:
22. desember 2010, ennå ikke i Sml
Page 701 and 702:
44 ifølge opplysningene gitt av de
Page 703 and 704:
direkte på grunnlag av direktivet.
Page 705 and 706:
for en diskvalifisering kunne være
Page 707 and 708:
direktivet omhandler er harmonisert
Page 709 and 710:
språket. Etter ESAs oppfatning fø
Page 711 and 712:
yrkeskvalifikasjoner er gitt i henh
Page 713 and 714:
65 Direktivet bygger på en forutse
Page 715 and 716:
krever relevant språkkunnskap i de
Page 717 and 718:
medisinske fagfolk og eventuelt til
Page 719 and 720:
78 Når det gjelder grunnlaget i au
Page 721 and 722:
På dette grunnlag avgir EFTA-DOMST
Page 723 and 724:
RETTSMØTERAPPORT i sak E-1/11 ANMO
Page 725 and 726:
5. i vedtak av 12. august 2009 avsl
Page 727 and 728:
IV RETTSLIG BAkGRUNN EØS-rett 8. E
Page 729 and 730:
2. For dette direktivs formål er y
Page 731 and 732:
mindre enn varigheten fastsatt i ne
Page 733 and 734:
15. Direktivets artikkel 53 lyder:
Page 735 and 736:
V SkRIFTLIGE INNLEGG 20. i medhold
Page 737 and 738:
anerkjennes, om nødvendig ved å g
Page 739 and 740:
“akseptabel praksis” at godkjen
Page 741 and 742:
anerkjent i Norge. 4 Derimot kan hu
Page 743 and 744:
yrkeskvalifikasjoner, kun underlagt
Page 745 and 746:
denne hovedforutsetning undergraves
Page 747 and 748:
lir denne konklusjon bekreftet ikke
Page 749 and 750:
individene på bakgrunn av direktiv
Page 751 and 752:
43. Den spanske regjering viser ogs
Page 753 and 754:
utilstrekkelighet, bør vedkommende
Page 755 and 756:
artikkel 23 har rett til godkjennin
Page 757 and 758:
autorisasjon og ikke til godkjennin
Page 759 and 760:
53. Når det gjelder den tredje bet
Page 761 and 762:
direktivet enhver EØS-stat som reg
Page 763 and 764:
opplæringskurser som er relevante
Page 765 and 766:
nr. 6 må alle EØS-stater godkjenn
Page 767 and 768:
67. videre bemerker ESA at direktiv
Page 769 and 770:
70. For så vidt gjelder den situas
Page 771 and 772:
(som definert i artikkel 24) og bå
Page 773 and 774:
seg til å kontrollere at diplomet
Page 775 and 776:
78. Under enhver omstendighet vil d
Page 777 and 778:
vertsstatens nasjonale myndigheter,
Page 779 and 780:
Europakommisjonen 83. Kommisjonen p
Page 781 and 782:
85. Kommisjonen konstaterer at dire
Page 783 and 784:
virkning fra 1. juli 2009 (dvs. for
Page 785 and 786:
spesialistleger) som er oppført i
Page 787 and 788:
Kommisjonen at godkjenning av medis
Page 789 and 790:
1. I en situasjon hvor en søker op
Page 791 and 792:
II. Administration and Activities o
Page 793 and 794:
Agreement states that the Governmen
Page 795 and 796:
III. Judges and staff xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Page 797 and 798:
In addition to the Judges, the foll
Page 799 and 800:
Per CHRISTIANSEN Born in 1949 in La
Page 801 and 802:
Skúli MAGNÚSSON Born: 14 October
Page 803 and 804:
List of Court Decisions published i
Page 805 and 806:
Case Parties Type of Case 9 E-1/95
Page 807 and 808:
Page 809 and 810:
Page 811 and 812:
Page 813 and 814:
Page 815 and 816:
Page 817 and 818:
Case Parties Type of Case 90 Joined
Page 819 and 820:
Page 821 and 822:
Case Parties Type of Case 116 E-16/
Page 823 and 824:
The EFTA Court was set up under the
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