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Ground Stability, Foundations and Substructures 137
Photograph 3.14 Vibro displacement and compaction (http://www.roger-bullivant.co.uk).
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Buildings can be supported on conventional foundations (normally reinforced and
shallow foundations).
Work can commence immediately following the vibro displacement. Foundations can
be installed straight away.
The soil is displaced. No soil is produced.
Contaminants remain in the ground – reducing disposal and remediation fees.
Economical, when compared with piling or deep excavation works.
Can be used to regenerate brownfield sites.
Can use reclaimed aggregates and soils.
Vibro flotation
Vibro flotation uses a similar process to vibro compaction, except that the vibrating poker
has high-pressure water jets at the tip of the poker. The water jets help achieve the initial
penetration into the ground. The advantage of this system is that the water jets help the
vibrator penetrate hard layers of ground. A major disadvantage is that the system is messy
and imprecise, thus rarely used.