National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Comments Character-Defining Features of Individual Rooms 1899-1906 1906 1940 Current Vanderbilt Renovation - Inventory Conditions First 1938 Period Plain electric wall sconce X X X X Circulation and Spatial Arrangements Access from southern end of service hall X X X X Furnishing and Interior Design Elements Assembled suites of bedroom furniture X X X R/L? Mostly oak with iron beds Hardware evidence for window X X X X/M Some NPS curtains added treatment, no curtains reported in inventories Mechanical Systems Call bells in Room 1 and Room 2 X X X X Radiators below windows X X X X 398
APPENDIX 9 CHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURES OF THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE INTRODUCTION Many of the character-defining landscape features or characteristics of the Hyde Park estate were fully appreciated by the Vanderbilts upon their arrival in 1895. Landscape characteristics such as views of the Hudson from the existing mansion along with a "park" landscape well served by roads and embowered with specimen trees may have influenced the couple's decision to situate themselves on the banks of the Hudson. Site considerations appear to have been especially important given the couple's spirited building program, which replaced almost every extant structure during the early years of their tenancy. One may attempt a nuanced understanding of the Vanderbilt influence on the pre-existing estate landscape by considering elements which they chose to keep largely as found; those which they sought to transform into their own; and those aspects, such as new buildings which most intensely reflect the personal preferences of the patron. The landscape features of the Vanderbilt tenancy may be subdivided into two distinct sub-periods. The first period 1895-1910 represents a lively fifteen-year program of building and rebuilding during which most of the landscape changes were accomplished. The second period, 1911-1938, was a slower-paced eighteen year interval when refinements and adjustment were made to the established order. This division of the Vanderbilt tenancy may be justified through appreciation of the changes that had taken place by this time. The majority of the building program was completed by 1903 with the construction of the Italian Garden. The historic estate was reassembled and its view of the Hudson restored when the Sexton Tract was reintegrated into the historic estate and the buildings removed in 1905. A private underpass, the "subway" was constructed in 1906. By 1907, an ambitious tree planting campaign had been completed. In 1909, the boundary wall along Albany Post Road was reconstructed following the realignment of Albany Post Road. With these projects complete, three others were undertaken in 1910 that recommend using this year to serve as an important dividing point in understanding the Vanderbilt tenancy. These three changes involve important modifications to the estate's gardens, its roads, and finally the buildings. Regarding the roads, during 1910, a "Great Circle" was added to the pre-existing layout of drives attributed to Parmentier. With the creation of the Great Circle, one can see the Neoclassical order of the Vanderbilt Mansion extending east into the landscape. Regarding the gardens, in 1910 Thos. Meehan and Sons was contracted to build the Rose Garden, an extension of Greenleaf's 1903 Italian Garden. The Rose Garden, likely designed by Robert Cridland during his employment with Meehan, completed the large-scale built elements of the formal gardens even though the plant palette and minor elements would continue to evolve through 1938. Yet perhaps the most significant and symbolic change to the property, the change that most strongly suggests the selection of 1910 as a watershed year in the Vanderbilt ownership, is the conversion of the Carriage Barn to automobile use. The significance of this modification to an existing building might easily be overlooked, but the change is emblematic of systemic changes in popular culture made manifest on this particular property. In the conversion, one can forecast diminution of the role of draft animals in the park landscape. This change, which presupposes the use of fossil fuels rather than 399
Page 1 and 2:
National Park Service U.S. Departme
Page 3:
Vanderbilt Mansion, 1898. Wurts Bro
Page 6 and 7:
Cover illustration: Vanderbilt Mans
Page 8 and 9:
Gardens and Greenhouses............
Page 10 and 11:
Transportation, Power, and Mechanic
Page 13 and 14:
Illustrations begin on p. 273. LIST
Page 15:
LIST OF DIAGRAMS 1. The Management
Page 19 and 20:
PREFACE When the Vanderbilt Mansion
Page 21:
properties in their assessments. Wh
Page 25 and 26:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Historic Reso
Page 27:
gardens. The site represents the ru
Page 30 and 31:
many new plantings. The farm side o
Page 32 and 33:
The Gilded Age and Country Places A
Page 34 and 35:
The Gilded Age and Country Places c
Page 36 and 37:
The Gilded Age and Country Places a
Page 38 and 39:
The Gilded Age and Country Places S
Page 40 and 41:
The Gilded Age and Country Places s
Page 42 and 43:
The Gilded Age and Country Places J
Page 44 and 45:
The Gilded Age and Country Places T
Page 46 and 47:
The Gilded Age and Country Places u
Page 48 and 49:
The Gilded Age and Country Places G
Page 50 and 51:
The Gilded Age and Country Places i
Page 52 and 53:
The Gilded Age and Country Places s
Page 54 and 55:
The Gilded Age and Country Places T
Page 56 and 57:
The Gilded Age and Country Places t
Page 58 and 59:
The Gilded Age and Country Places d
Page 60 and 61:
The Gilded Age and Country Places r
Page 62 and 63:
The Gilded Age and Country Places r
Page 64 and 65:
The Gilded Age and Country Places N
Page 66 and 67:
The Gilded Age and Country Places a
Page 68 and 69:
The Gilded Age and Country Places P
Page 70 and 71:
The Gilded Age and Country Places t
Page 73 and 74:
CHAPTER TWO HISTORICAL OVERVIEW EVO
Page 75 and 76:
Historical Overview ownership, whil
Page 77 and 78:
Historical Overview horses. . . ."
Page 79 and 80:
Historical Overview Frederick's kno
Page 81 and 82:
Historical Overview According to Cl
Page 83 and 84:
Historical Overview their expense.
Page 85 and 86:
Historical Overview From 1885 to 19
Page 87 and 88:
Historical Overview and entertainme
Page 89 and 90:
Historical Overview death, the Vede
Page 91 and 92:
Historical Overview office handling
Page 93 and 94:
Historical Overview MANAGING THE ES
Page 95 and 96:
Historical Overview Mr. Burnett suc
Page 97 and 98:
Historical Overview the boarders as
Page 99 and 100:
Poultry house Historical Overview T
Page 101 and 102:
Historical Overview After cutting t
Page 103 and 104:
Valet and 2nd Man 3 rd Man Secretar
Page 105 and 106:
Historical Overview The butler and
Page 107 and 108:
Kitchen Maid Historical Overview In
Page 109 and 110:
Valet Historical Overview The secon
Page 111 and 112:
Historical Overview each employee."
Page 113 and 114:
Historical Overview his boathouse t
Page 115:
Historical Overview Shortly thereaf
Page 118 and 119:
Resource History and Description of
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
THIRD FLOOR Resource History and De
Page 180 and 181:
Pink Bedroom Resource History and D
Page 182 and 183:
Empire Bedroom Resource History and
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Dumbwaiter Resource History and Des
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Service Laundry Resource History an
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
FIRST FLOOR BUTLERS' PANTRY Resourc
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
HEATING AND VENTILATION Resource Hi
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 255 and 256:
CHAPTER FOUR ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL
Page 257 and 258:
Analysis of Historical Significance
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Date/Style 1879, adds. thru 1890s/
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
WATER SYSTEM Analysis of Historical
Page 295 and 296:
CHAPTER FIVE ANALYSIS OF HISTORIC S
Page 297 and 298:
Analysis of Historic Significance a
Page 299:
Analysis of Historic Significance a
Page 303:
ILLUSTRATIONS
Page 306 and 307:
276 Figure 2. Vanderbilt Mansion, S
Page 308 and 309:
278 Figure 4. Vanderbilt Mansion, W
Page 310 and 311:
280 Figure 6. Vanderbilt Mansion, B
Page 312 and 313:
282 Figure 8. Vanderbilt Mansion, S
Page 314 and 315:
284 Figure 10. Vanderbilt Mansion,
Page 316 and 317:
286 Figure 12. Vanderbilt Mansion,
Page 318 and 319:
Figure 14. Vanderbilt Mansion, 1898
Page 320 and 321:
290 Figure 16. The Vanderbilt Mansi
Page 322 and 323:
292 Figure 18. The Vanderbilt Mansi
Page 324 and 325:
Figure 20. Stone Crusher. The stone
Page 327:
APPENDICES
Page 330 and 331:
p.57 Nov. 7, 1896 Volume 6 On House
Page 332 and 333:
p.231 August 12, 1897 On House at H
Page 334 and 335:
p.388 July 13, 1898 On House, Lodge
Page 336 and 337:
Herter Brothers Dining Room 3,000.0
Page 338 and 339:
308
Page 340 and 341:
him explicit instructions on what h
Page 342 and 343:
them as sub-contractors. 1451 Among
Page 344 and 345:
From the mid 1880s to the mid 1890s
Page 346 and 347:
316
Page 348 and 349:
South Foyer Rug 6.5' x 16.2' Living
Page 350 and 351:
Mrs. Vanderbilt's Boudoir Pair of M
Page 352 and 353:
Third Floor Stairway 2 desk lamps a
Page 355 and 356:
APPENDIX 4 CHRONOLOGY OF LANDSCAPE
Page 357 and 358:
APPENDIX 5 JAMES L. GREENLEAF BIOGR
Page 359 and 360:
APPENDIX 6 THE HYDE PARK LANDSCAPE
Page 361:
Vitale and Geiffert, Ferruccio Vita
Page 364 and 365:
158 cu. yds. 3/4" stone June 25, 18
Page 366 and 367:
November 8, 1899 Wm. A. Caire: pipe
Page 368 and 369:
may be significant in their own rig
Page 370 and 371:
Comments Character-defining Feature
Page 372 and 373:
Comments Character-Defining Feature
Page 374 and 375:
Character-Defining Features of Indi
Page 376 and 377:
Comments Character-Defining Feature
Page 378 and 379: Character-Defining Features of Indi
Page 388 and 389: Comments Character-Defining Feature
Page 430 and 431: feed grown on the adjacent estate f
Page 432 and 433: Circulation Bard Rock Road Road has
Page 434 and 435: Lower Gate House Designed by the fi
Page 436 and 437: dry-laid stone retaining walls. Wal
Page 438 and 439: half-circle in plan, rubble filled
Page 440 and 441: Landscape Characteristics of the Hy
Page 447 and 448: GLOSSARY OF ARCHITECTURAL TERMS Thi
Page 449 and 450: "Châteauesque buildings, always of
Page 451 and 452: not only in the 1860s, but also the
Page 453 and 454: argeboards, hood molding over windo
Page 455 and 456: Louis XVI Style - The nineteenth ce
Page 457 and 458: their ridges meeting at right angle
Page 459 and 460: "Rustic Work - Decoration by means
Page 461: "That of the reign of Queen Victori
Page 464 and 465: BUSINESS LIFE OF FREDERICK VANDERBI
Page 466 and 467: EDWARD WALES Ruth Wales (daughter)
Page 468 and 469: HYDE PARK HISTORICAL SOCIETY The co
Page 470 and 471: VASSAR COLLEGE LIBRARY, SPECIAL COL
Page 472 and 473: Andrews, Wayne. The Vanderbilt Lege
Page 474 and 475: Granger, Alfred Hoyt. Charles Folle
Page 476 and 477: O'Brien, Raymond. J. American Subli
Page 478 and 479:
ARTICLES AND PAMPHLETS "American Pl
Page 480 and 481:
Metcalf, Pauline. "The Interiors of
Page 482 and 483:
REPORTS Albee, Peggy A. Home of Fra
Page 484 and 485:
_____. Historic Structure and Groun
Page 486 and 487:
_____. Untitled journal. 1904. Tran
show all

National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?