NETTER - Neuroscience Flash Cards

Innervation of the Female
Reproductive Organs
1. Left sympathetic trunk
2. Aorticorenal ganglion
3. Superior mesenteric ganglion
4. Inferior mesenteric ganglion
5. Superior hypogastric plexus (presacral nerve)
6. Hypogastric nerves
7. Uterovaginal plexus
8. Pelvic splanchnic nerves
9. Sacral plexus
10. Pudendal nerve
11. Ovarian artery and plexus
Comment: Sympathetic innervation to female reproductive organs
derives from T10–L2 segments of the spinal cord via thoracic and
upper lumbar splanchnic nerves to the superior hypogastric plexus.
Parasympathetic innervation derives from the S2–S4 segments of the
spinal cord via pelvic splanchnic nerves to the inferior hypogastric
plexus. Sympathetic nerve activation stimulates contraction of the
uterus, but hormonal influences and neurotransmitter receptor
expression are important components to permitting such actions.
Sympathetic nerves also supply the vaginal arteries, the vestibular
glands, and clitoral erectile tissue. Parasympathetic nerves supply
the muscular and mucous coats of the vagina and urethra,
stimulate erectile tissue of the clitoris, and supply the vestibular
glands. Autonomic neuropathy involving innervation to the female
reproductive organs may cause dry, atrophic vaginal walls with little
lubrication, resulting in dyspareunia (painful intercourse).
Regional Neuroscience See book 9.71