NETTER - Neuroscience Flash Cards

Afferent and Efferent Pathways
Associated with the Hypothalamus
1. Habenula
2. Stria medullaris thalami
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum
5. Medial dorsal thalamic nucleus
6. Fornix
7. Anterior thalamic nucleus
8. Septal nuclei
9. Prefrontal cortex
10. Hypothalamic nuclei
11. Olfactory bulb
12. Ventral amygdalofugal pathway
13. Amygdala
14. Mammillotegmental tract
15. Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
16. Median forebrain bundle (descending)
17. Stria terminalis
Comment: Afferent and efferent connections of the hypothalamus
are numerous and complex. Inputs derive from the cerebral cortex
(prefrontal, orbitofrontal); thalamus (anterior nuclei); hippocampal
formation and subiculum (via the fornix); amygdaloid nuclei (via
the stria terminalis and ventral amygdalofugal pathway); habenula
(via fasciculus retroflexus); retina (suprachiasmatic nucleus);
and numerous brain stem structures via several polysynaptic
autonomic pathways. Efferents from the hypothalamus distribute
to the median eminence (from many nuclei); posterior pituitary
gland (supraopticohypophysial tract); septal nuclei and anterior
perforated substance (ascending median forebrain bundle); thalamus
(mammillothalamic tract); and many brain stem autonomic nuclei and
spinal cord preganglionic neurons (dorsal longitudinal fasciculus,
descending median forebrain bundle, mammillotegmental tract, direct
descending connections from the paraventricular nucleus).
Systemic Neuroscience See book 16.8