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NystagmusSlow phaseRapid phase(saccadic movement)13425679810Systemic Neuroscience 3-16
Nystagmus1. Oculomotor neurons to the medial rectus muscle2. Axon of abducens internuclear neuron3. Ascending tract of Dieters into medial longitudinal fasciculus4. Medial and lateral vestibular nuclei5. Abducens nucleus6. Oculomotor nerve (CN III)7. Lateral rectus muscle8. Medial rectus muscle9. Parapontine reticular formation (PPRF)10. Abducens nerve (CN VI)Comment: Nystagmus is the repetitive, alternating, back-andforthmovement of the eyes, using circuitry to centrally coordinateextraocular lower motor neurons (LMNs). Vestibular inputs andcortical inputs regulate the control of the lateral rectus muscle onone side with the medial rectus on the other side, resulting in thecoordinated movement of the eyes to maintain binocular vision.Disruption of this process results in vestibular nystagmus, in which avestibular disruption (asymmetrical vestibular input) leaves neuronalimbalance that is interpreted as movement that requires repetitivereadjustment (rapid phase, saccadic movement) to the coordinateddrifting of the eyes (slow phase). In optokinetic nystagmus, a normalprocess, tracking movements of the eyes (e.g., to passing telephonepoles while riding in a car) reaches the lateral limit of eye movement,eliciting a snap-back to the normal forward position of the eyesvia signals from the association visual cortex through the superiorcolliculus to extraocular LMNs.Systemic Neuroscience See book 14.20
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Netter’sNeuroscienceFlash CardsSe
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PrefaceNetter’s Neuroscience Flas
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Table of ContentsSection 1 : Overvi
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1 Overview of the Nervous SystemPla
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Overview of the Nervous SystemPlate
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Neuronal Structure12345 67891011Ove
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Neuronal Cell Types12111210Red:Moto
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Glial Cell Types10918265374Overview
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Blood-Brain Barrier162543Overview o
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Myelination of CNS and PNS AxonsCen
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Synaptic MorphologyA. Schematic of
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Overview of the Nervous System 1-7C
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Foramina in the Base ofthe Adult Sk
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Bony Framework of the Headand Neck7
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Schematic of the Meninges and Their
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Hematomas4321765Overview of the Ner
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Surface Anatomy of the Forebrain:La
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Lateral View of the Forebrain:Funct
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Anatomy of the Medial (Midsagittal)
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Anatomy of the Basal Surface ofthe
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A. Coronal viewBrain Imaging: Compu
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Brain Imaging: Magnetic ResonanceIm
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Brain Imaging: Magnetic ResonanceIm
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Horizontal Brain Sections Showingth
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Major Limbic Forebrain Structures76
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Color Imaging of the Corpus Callosu
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Hippocampal Formation and FornixA.
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Thalamic Anatomy11321211104356789Ov
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Thalamic Nuclei12354876910111514121
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Brain Stem Surface Anatomy:Posterol
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Brain Stem Surface Anatomy:Anterior
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Cerebellar Anatomy: Internal Featur
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Spinal Column: Bony Anatomy12345678
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Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy In Situ1
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Spinal Cord: Its Meninges andSpinal
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Spinal Cord: Cross-SectionalAnatomy
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Spinal Cord: White and Gray Matter1
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Ventricular Anatomy1112345671098Ove
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Ventricular Anatomy in CoronalForeb
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Anatomy of the Fourth Ventricle:Lat
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A. Axial viewMagnetic Resonance Ima
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Circulation of the Cerebrospinal Fl
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Arterial Supply to the Brainand Men
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Arterial Distribution to the Brain:
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Circle of Willis: Schematic Illustr
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Magnetic Resonance Angiography:Coro
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Vertebrobasilar Arterial System1234
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Arterial Blood Supply to the Spinal
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Arterial Supply to the Spinal Cord:
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Meninges and SuperficialCerebral Ve
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Venous Sinuses123458109675118241096
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Deep Venous Drainage of the Brain:R
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Magnetic Resonance Venography123451
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Neurulation1Level of section4523432
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Neural Tube Development andNeural C
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Development of Peripheral Axons2134
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Early Brain Development:36-Day-Old
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Early Brain Development: 49-Day-Old
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Development of the Eye and Orbit1 2
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Development of the Ear326574112aLat
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Development of the Pituitary Gland1
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Development of the Ventricles134312
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2Regional NeurosciencePlates 2-1 to
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Regional NeurosciencePlates 2-1 to
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2-82 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gla
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Spinal Cord and PNS SchematicSensor
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Anatomy of a Peripheral Nerve1Compr
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Cutaneous Receptors1 2 3 4567Region
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Neuromuscular Junction6714512321110
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Dermatomal Distribution124 365789Re
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Cutaneous Nerves ofthe Head and Nec
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Cervical Plexus12345111067981211108
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Phrenic Nerve18756423Regional Neuro
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Thoracic Nerves123 4561079 8Regiona
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Brachial PlexusC56SuperiorC6C7435La
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Dermatomes of the Upper Limb7Anteri
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Cutaneous Innervation of the UpperL
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Scapular, Axillary, and RadialNerve
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Radial Nerve in the Forearm12345789
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Musculocutaneous Nerve1116987102354
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Median Nerve12 6734Cutaneousinnerva
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Ulnar Nerve12Cutaneousinnervation34
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Lumbar Plexus1345267891011213456813
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Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses978106
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Femoral and Lateral FemoralCutaneou
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Obturator Nerve12345136789101112Reg
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Sciatic and Posterior FemoralCutane
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Tibial Nerve127Cutaneousinnervation
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Common Peroneal Nerve101Cutaneousin
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Schematic of the AutonomicNervous S
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Autonomic Distribution to the Heada
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Autonomic Distribution to the Heada
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Autonomic Distribution to the Eye14
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Schematic of Pterygopalatine andSub
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Thoracic Sympathetic Chain andSplan
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Innervation ofthe Tracheobronchial
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Innervation of the Heart2 139410115
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Abdominal Nerves and Ganglia1243567
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Nerves of the EsophagusAnterior vie
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Nerves of the Stomach and Duodenum1
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Nerves of the Small Intestine123456
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Nerves of the Large Intestine123154
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Enteric Nervous SystemVagus nervesT
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Autonomic Innervation of the Livera
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Autonomic Innervationof the Pancrea
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Innervation of the Adrenal Gland1T1
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Autonomic Pelvic Nervesand Ganglia1
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Nerves of the Kidneys, Ureters,and
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Innervation of the MaleReproductive
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Innervation of the FemaleReproducti
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Cytoarchitecture of the SpinalCord
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C7 Spinal Cord Cross SectionDescend
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T8 Spinal Cord Cross SectionDescend
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L3 Spinal Cord Cross SectionDescend
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S3 Spinal Cord Cross SectionDescend
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Spinal Cord Imaging123456789Regiona
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Spinal Somatic Reflex Pathways1234F
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Muscle and Joint Receptorsand Muscl
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Brain Stem Cross Section:Medulla-Sp
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Brain Stem Cross Section: Medullaat
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Brain Stem Cross Section:Medullo-Po
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Brain Stem Cross Section: Pons atth
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Brain Stem Cross Section: Pons atth
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Brain Stem Cross Sections: Pons att
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Brain Stem Cross Section:Pons-Midbr
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Brain Stem Cross Section: Midbrain
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Brain Stem Cross Section: Midbrain
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Brain Stem Cross Section:Midbrain-D
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Cranial Nerves: Basal View of the B
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Cranial Nerves and Their Nuclei:Sch
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Nerves of the Orbit1312123451110967
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Extraocular Cranial Nerves123456789
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Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)4 3 2 156789
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Facial Nerve (CN VII)12345678910 11
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Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII)23
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)Senso
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Vagus Nerve (CN X)12345761110981213
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Accessory Nerve (CN XI)125673489101
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Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)123456Mot
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Reticular Formation and NucleiA. Th
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Sleep-Wakefulness ControlThalamus10
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Cerebellar Organization:Lobes and R
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Cerebellar Anatomy: Deep Nucleiand
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Thalamic Anatomy andInterconnection
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Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland123
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Hypothalamic Nuclei1Lateralventricl
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Axial Sections throughthe Forebrain
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Axial Sections throughthe Forebrain
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Axial Sections through the Forebrai
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Axial Section through the Forebrain
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Coronal Sections throughthe Forebra
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Coronal Sections through the Forebr
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Page 334 and 335: Cortical Association Pathways4Ms IM
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Page 338 and 339: Color Imaging of Projection Pathway
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Page 342 and 343: Serotonergic Pathways2 1345678910Re
Page 344 and 345: Dopaminergic Pathways1234567Regiona
Page 346 and 347: Central Cholinergic Pathways123456R
Page 348 and 349: Olfactory Nerves213546789105346Regi
Page 350 and 351: 3Systemic NeurosciencePlates 3-1 to
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Page 354 and 355: Somatosensory Afferents tothe Spina
Page 356 and 357: Somatosensory System:Spinocerebella
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Page 368 and 369: Taste PathwaysCerebrum1234Pons657Me
Page 370 and 371: Peripheral Pathways forSound Recept
Page 372 and 373: Bony and Membranous Labyrinths11723
Page 374 and 375: VIII Nerve Innervation of Hair Cell
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Page 378 and 379: Centrifugal (Efferent)Auditory Path
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Page 386 and 387: Anatomy of the Eye12345678910111817
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Page 390 and 391: Retina: Retinal LayersRetinallayers
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Page 394 and 395: Optic ChiasmSuperiorTemporalNasal12
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Page 412 and 413: Rubrospinal Tract12341089576Systemi
Page 414 and 415: Vestibulospinal Tracts12 Vestibular
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Page 418 and 419: Central Control of Eye Movements123
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Page 422 and 423: Cerebellar Neuronal CircuitryExcita
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Page 428 and 429: Connections of the Basal GangliaCon
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Sections throughthe Midhypothalamus
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Sections through the CaudalHypothal
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Schematic Reconstructionof the Hypo
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Afferent and Efferent PathwaysAssoc
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Paraventricular Nucleusof the Hypot
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Mechanisms of Cytokine Influences o
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Circumventricular Organs126543Syste
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Hypophysial Portal VasculatureBlood
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Regulation of the Anterior Pituitar
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Posterior Pituitary (Neurohypophysi
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Hypothalamus and Thermoregulation21
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Neuroimmunomodulation11423131211489
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Anatomy of the Limbic ForebrainMajo
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Hippocampal Formation:General Anato
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Neuronal Connections ofthe Hippocam
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Major Afferent and EfferentConnecti
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Major Efferent Connectionsof the Am
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Major Connectionsof the Cingulate C
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Olfactory Pathways12345613141516171
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NETTER - Neuroscience Flash Cards

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