Thesis - Leigh Moody.pdf - Bad Request - Cranfield University

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Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ T TS : = 2. 54687 Θ TB A − 0. 45388 ⋅ T + 1 3.8-10 ≥ 30 ⋅ π 180 0. 16024 ⋅ T ⇒ 2 − 0. 09488 ⋅ T − 0. 03043 ⋅ T 3 Equation 3.8-32 Above 30° the a 4 th order Chebyshev polynomial of the 1 st kind is used whose coefficients (T*) are a function of the normalised elevation angle, Θ TB A : = 1 15 ⋅ Θ TB A − 1 Equation 3.8-33 These equations are used for the missile with the appropriate beam elevation angle. The transmission line noise (TR) from the antenna to the receiver, ( L − 1 ) TR : = TO ⋅ R Equation 3.8-34 The receiver electronic noise is a function of the receiver noise factor (LRN), ( L − 1 ) TE : = TO ⋅ RN Equation 3.8-35 Combining and inserting typical numerical values, the noise temperature is, T : = 746 + 0. 85 ⋅ T S TS Equation 3.8-36 The target SNR at the receiver of a perfect antenna for a single pulse is, SN P : = P T ⋅ G 2 ⋅ t P ⋅ λ 3 4 ( 4 ⋅ π ) ⋅ k ⋅ T ⋅ P B 2 T ⋅ σ S RCS o, t Equation 3.8-37 The radar transmits (nP) pulses during the observation time, the number depending mainly on target range and squint angle. For relatively short ranges, below 20-30 km, the number of pulses is independent of range, P TB ( 20 + 0. 7 ⋅ ) n : = int ξ For coherently integrated pulses by a perfect receiver, TD Equation 3.8-38 4
Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ SN T : = P T ⋅ n P 3.8-11 ⋅ t 64 ⋅ k P B ⋅ λ 2 T ⋅ T ⋅ P S ⋅ σ ⋅ λ RCS A 4 4 o, t ⋅ ξBW ⋅ π Equation 3.8-39 A number of loss factors must be taken into account that reduce the SNR and hence radar measurement accuracy. Lumping these losses together into a total loss factor (LF), SN T : = P T ⋅ n P 64 ⋅ k ⋅ t B P ⋅ λ S 2 T ⋅ σ ⋅ T ⋅ L ⋅ F RCS 4 Po, t ⋅ λ ⋅ ξ ⋅ π A 4 BW Equation 3.8-40 When the missile carries a transponder transmission losses are one-way and the SNR must be modified to account for the transponder power, gain and pulse length, SN M : = P TR 16 ⋅ k ⋅ G B TR S ⋅ n F P ⋅ t ⋅ T ⋅ L ⋅ P TP 2 o, m ⋅ λ ⋅ ξ 2 T 2 BW Equation 3.8-41 A comprehensive description of the effect of the SNR for Over-the-Horizon radar studies is provided by Weiner [W.6] . A phased array radar switches the beam direction faster and it is easier to control dwell time thereby increasing the SNR, target detection probability and measurement accuracy, compared with say a mechanically rotated track-whilst-scan radar. The total loss factor is typically 10-12 dB and comprises, ATMOSPHERIC LOSSES (dB) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 F 2 A 2 S L : = L ⋅ L ⋅ L ⋅ L ELEVATION = 0 deg ELEVATION = 10 deg ELEVATION = 30 deg ELEVATION = 60 deg 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 B TARGET RANGE (km) Figure 3-40 : Atmospheric Loss vs Range M Equation 3.8-42
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CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY LEIGH MOODY SE
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ABSTRACT When considering advances
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Contents _ _ LIST OF CONTENTS 1 INT
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Contents _ _ 8.2 The Scope of Moder
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Contents _ _ 17.4 Inertial Velocity
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Tables _ _ LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1
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Figures _ _ LIST OF FIGURES Figure
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Figures _ _ Figure 5-1 : Centralise
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Figures _ _ Figure 19-3 : Air Densi
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Acronyms _ _ Acronyms And Abbreviat
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Acronyms _ _ HDOP - NAVSTAR GPS Hor
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Acronyms _ _ RCS - Radar Cross Sect
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Glossary _ _ GLOSSARY A challenge w
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Glossary _ _ 0.1 Predicate Calculus
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Glossary _ _ ]A,B] Real number rang
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Glossary _ _ 0.9 Matrix Operators [
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Glossary _ _ 0.14.2 Special Vectors
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Glossary _ _ P C a , b ≡ XC YC ZC
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Glossary _ _ V ≡ V : = V • V Th
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Glossary _ _ 0.16.4 Matrix Partitio
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Glossary _ _ Only the subset of qua
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Glossary _ _ 0.19 Systeme Internati
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1 Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ Chap
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ Wherea
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ • Cr
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ genera
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ radar
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ simple
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ optimi
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ 1.3.9
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2 Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ 2.
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ t
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ P&
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ GO
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ th
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ VX
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ ma
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3 Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Chapter 3
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ 3.1 Simulat
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Table 3-4 :
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Reference D
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ 3.2-9 s s i
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ 3.2-11 t o
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Figure 3-5
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Table 3-7 :
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ IF ϕ LIM
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ The phase e
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Taking expe
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Expressing
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ INPUT; AA,
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ The functio
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Chapter 3 / Inertial Navigation _ _
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Page 157 and 158: Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ 3.8
Page 159 and 160: Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ LF
Page 161 and 162: Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ ( )
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Page 173 and 174: Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ ⎛
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Page 183 and 184: Chapter 3 / Sensors / Seeker _ _ th
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Page 193 and 194: Chapter 3 / Sensors / Fins _ _ 3.10
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Chapter 3 / Sensors / Helmet Mounte
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Chapter 3 / Sensors / Helmet Mounte
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Chapter 3 / Sensors / Air Data Syst
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Chapter 4 / Target Tracking _ _ 3.1
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Chapter 4 / Target Tracking _ _ Ine
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Chapter 4 / Target Tracking _ _ ran
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Chapter 5 / Missile State Observer
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5 Chapter 5 / Missile State Observe
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6 Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ 6.
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ As
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ CD
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ ge
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ ex
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ &
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ PN
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ ra
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ of
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ NO
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ tr
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ η
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ Au
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ Fo
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ (
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ ar
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7 Chapter 7 / Missile Trajectory Op
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Chapter 7 / Missile Trajectory Opti
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8 Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Chapte
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.1 The
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.3 The
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Having p
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.5.1 Gl
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ (1) CONS
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.6.2 Ou
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ The file
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ • The
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ comprehe
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ WIN_RATE
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ for this
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ with the
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Figure 8
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Table 8-
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.8 Disc
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9 Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ Chapt
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ 9.1 Air
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ XM ( >
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ 9.3 PN
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ The eff
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ VXMVOM
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ VXMVOM
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ 9.4 CLO
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ AR_BOM
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Chapter 9 / Performance Chapter 9 /
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Initially the position error falls
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values of CN are not always a relia
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crude initialisation introduces err
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9.5.3 Singer Filter Tuning The Sing
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9.6.2 CLOS Study The CLOS study sho
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Chapter 10 / Conclusions _ _ 10-2
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Chapter 10 / Conclusions _ _ 10.3 T
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Chapter 10 / Conclusions _ _ 10.7 M
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Chapter 11 / Future Research _ _ 11
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Chapter 11 / Future Research _ _
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Chapter 11 / Future Research _ _ To
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References _ _ B.4 BAZARAA M.S., SH
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References _ _ F.1 FOX J.E., “A C
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References _ _ H.5 #HULL D.G., RADK
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References _ _ L.2 LOOZE D.P., HSU
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References _ _ N.4 NABAA N., BISHOP
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References _ _ R.3 RUSNACK I., “O
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References _ _ S.15 SINGER R.A.,
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References _ _ Y.2 YUAN P., CHERN J
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Bibliography _ _ B.13 BABA Y., YAMA
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Bibliography _ _ B.40 BECKER J.C.,
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Bibliography _ _ C.33 CORTINA E., O
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Bibliography _ _ E.8 ERSHOV A.A.,
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Bibliography _ _ G.34 GUTMAN P., VE
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Bibliography _ _ H.35 HUSSAIN A.M.,
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Bibliography _ _ K.14 KATZIR S., CL
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Bibliography _ _ L.19 LEFAS C.C,
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Bibliography _ _ M.16 MAYNE D.Q., P
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Bibliography _ _ P.1 PAINTER J.H.,
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Bibliography _ _ R.32 RONG LI X., Z
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Bibliography _ _ S.47 SPEYER J.L.,
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Bibliography _ _ V.5 VIAN J.L., MOO
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Bibliography _ _ W.29 WATSON G.A.,
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Appendix A / Geometric Points _ _ 1
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Appendix A / Geometric Points _ _ 1
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Appendix B / Frames of Reference _
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ 16
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ YP
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ B
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ YB
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ Us
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ No
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ B
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _
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Appendix D / Point Mass Dynamics _
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 18-
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ ELL
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ (dx
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ Int
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 18.
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 19-
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ P S
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 19.
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ ∂
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ 20-2
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ g : = g +
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ d −6 2
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ 20-8
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Appendix H / Steady State Tracking
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ 22.1-2
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ Cartesia
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ Matrix P
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ 22.1-8
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Appendix I / Utilities / General Ut
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Appendix I / Utilities / WGS 84 Tar
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Appendix I / Utilities / Axis Trans
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Appendix I / Utilities / Point Mass
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Appendix I / Utilities / Earth, Atm
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Appendix I / Utilities / Earth, Atm
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Appendix I / Utilities / Digital Ma
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Appendix I / Utilities / Digital Fi
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Appendix I / Utilities / Matrices _
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Appendix I / Utilities / Quaternion
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Appendix I / Utilities / Trigonomet
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Appendix I / Utilities / Vectors _
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Appendix I / Utilities / Covariance
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