Thesis - Leigh Moody.pdf - Bad Request - Cranfield University

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Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ Figure 3-42 and Figure 3-43 show the non-dimensional glint error and the normalised RCS for a target rotating at 1 Hz with respect to the target sightline with the radar operated at 20 Hz. 3.8.8 Sensor Limitations Provision of radar range, range-rate, bearing and elevation measurements of the target and missile at the sensor interface depends on: • User target measurement selection ( MS_MSAV1 bits 17 to 20 cleared ) • User missile measurement selection ( MS_MSAV1 bits 21 to 24 cleared ) • Range limiting ( GB_TR_ER bit 20 is set ) • Squint threshold limiting ( GB_TR_ER bit 21 is set ) • Out-of-beam limitations ( GB_TR_ER bit 22 is set ) • Fade ( GB_TR_ER bit 23 is set ) When active, if any of these limitations are violated, bits 1-4 in the measurement ready flag MS_MSRY1 are cleared. Failure to provide measurements at the user request is indicated by setting bits 1-4 of GB_TR_VF depending those measurements affected. Measurements are provided if the target (or missile) range is within [RMIN,RMAX], defaulting to [1,60] km. Failure to provide target measurements due to minimum or maximum range limiting is indicated by setting bits 5-6 of GB_TR_VF respectively, and bits 7-8 of GB_TR_VF for the missile measurements. The beam angle with respect to the detector boresight is usually restricted to prevent excessive squint losses. Trunk [T.2] determined that the optimum number of phased array faces was 3, a maximum squint angle (ξSQ) of 60°. Target and missile measurements are only provided when the off-boresight beam angle is less than the maximum squint angle, ⎛ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ξ ξ T M T A M A ( T , T ) : = ( T ⋅ T , T ⋅ T ) T TD L M TD TD ⎞ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ TD 3.8-16 A TD T T ( cosΘ ⋅ cos Ψ ) ⎛ −1 cos ⎞ ⎜ TD TD ⎟ : = ⎜ L ⎟ ≤ RDξ ⎜ −1 M M ⎟ ⎝ cos ( cosΘ TD ⋅ cos ΨTD ) ⎠ A TD Equation 3.8-58 SQ Equation 3.8-59 Failure to provide measurements due to excessive squint is indicated by the setting of bits 9-10 in GB_TR_VF for the target and missile respectively. Measurements are also suspended if the target (or missile) lies outside a beam angle (RDξBW) of ± 2°,
Chapter 3 / Sensors / Radar _ _ ⎛ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ξ ξ T TB L M MB T M T A M A ( T , T ) : = ( T ⋅ T , T ⋅ T ) ⎞ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ TB MB 3.8-17 A TB T T ( cosΘ ⋅ cos Ψ ) A MB ⎛ −1 cos ⎞ ⎜ TB TB ⎟ : = ⎜ L ⎟ ≤ RDξ ⎜ −1 M M ⎟ ⎝ cos ( cosΘ MB ⋅ cos ΨMB ) ⎠ Equation 3.8-60 BW Equation 3.8-61 Failure to provide measurements because the target, or missile, is not in the main beam is indicated by the setting of bits 11-12 in GB_TR_VF respectively. Detection probability is usually based on Swerling’s five idealised target models. Swirling-0 is simply a constant velocity sphere. When illuminating a fast jet comprising one dominant reflector, and a number of minor reflectors, which change little over the observation period using a single frequency the Swerling-3 model is most appropriate. The Swerling-1 model is for slower targets with no dominant reflector. Swerling-2 (no dominant reflector) and Swerling-4 (one dominant reflector) are for pulse-to-pulse fluctuations associated with frequency agility. The Swerling-3 model is based on an approximation to the Rician distribution however, if sea and land clutter is considered this is often replaced by Log-Normal, or Weibull distributions. The reflected echoes from the target or missile are correlated with the transmitted waveform creating a detection peak against background noise. The radar applies its detection criteria to determine when an object is present in a particular cell. When the SNR is low the threshold between reliable target detection and a false alarms is marginal. Under these circumstances there is a finite probability that a target will be falsely identified, or the threshold set such that a target it will go undetected. These effects have been replaced by the fade from the Borden glint model. Failure to provide target pitch and yaw measurements due to the normalised RCS dropping below –30 dB is indicated by setting bits 13-14 in GB_TR_VF respectively. 3.8.9 Output Interface Measured range, range-rate, bearing and elevation pass through a 16 bit interface (signed except for range) at a frequency (RDfO) of 10 Hz (clock 18). All measurements are subject to a one-cycle transmission delay and target limits of [0,60_000] m, ± 1000 m/s, ± 180° and ± 90° respectively; the range and range rate limits [0,15_000] m and ± 1_500 m/s for the missile. RD Z ~ : = IF ϕ TD IF IF IF ( ( ( ( Z , RDf O ) ) ) ) ~ ϕ ϕ ϕ Q LIM ZOH Equation 3.8-62
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CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY LEIGH MOODY SE
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ABSTRACT When considering advances
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Contents _ _ LIST OF CONTENTS 1 INT
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Contents _ _ 8.2 The Scope of Moder
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Contents _ _ 17.4 Inertial Velocity
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Tables _ _ LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1
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Figures _ _ LIST OF FIGURES Figure
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Figures _ _ Figure 5-1 : Centralise
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Figures _ _ Figure 19-3 : Air Densi
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Acronyms _ _ Acronyms And Abbreviat
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Acronyms _ _ HDOP - NAVSTAR GPS Hor
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Acronyms _ _ RCS - Radar Cross Sect
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Glossary _ _ GLOSSARY A challenge w
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Glossary _ _ 0.1 Predicate Calculus
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Glossary _ _ ]A,B] Real number rang
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Glossary _ _ 0.9 Matrix Operators [
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Glossary _ _ 0.14.2 Special Vectors
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Glossary _ _ P C a , b ≡ XC YC ZC
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Glossary _ _ V ≡ V : = V • V Th
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Glossary _ _ 0.16.4 Matrix Partitio
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Glossary _ _ Only the subset of qua
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Glossary _ _ 0.19 Systeme Internati
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1 Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ Chap
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ Wherea
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ • Cr
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ genera
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ radar
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ simple
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ optimi
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Chapter 1 / Introduction _ _ 1.3.9
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2 Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ 2.
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ t
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Chapter 2 / Target Modelling _ _ GO
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3 Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Chapter 3
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ 3.1 Simulat
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Table 3-4 :
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Reference D
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ 3.2-9 s s i
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ 3.2-11 t o
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Figure 3-5
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Table 3-7 :
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ IF ϕ LIM
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ The phase e
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Taking expe
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ Expressing
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ INPUT; AA,
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Chapter 3 / Sensors _ _ The functio
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Chapter 3 / Inertial Navigation _ _
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Chapter 4 / Target Tracking _ _ 3.1
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Chapter 4 / Target Tracking _ _ Ine
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Chapter 4 / Target Tracking _ _ ran
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Chapter 5 / Missile State Observer
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5 Chapter 5 / Missile State Observe
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6 Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ 6.
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ As
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ CD
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ ge
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ ex
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ &
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ PN
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ of
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ NO
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ tr
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ η
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ Au
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ Fo
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Chapter 6 / Missile Guidance _ _ ar
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7 Chapter 7 / Missile Trajectory Op
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8 Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Chapte
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.1 The
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.3 The
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Having p
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.5.1 Gl
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ (1) CONS
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.6.2 Ou
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ The file
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ • The
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ comprehe
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ WIN_RATE
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ for this
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ with the
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Figure 8
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ Table 8-
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Chapter 8 / Simulation _ _ 8.8 Disc
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9 Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ Chapt
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ 9.1 Air
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ XM ( >
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ 9.3 PN
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ The eff
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ VXMVOM
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ VXMVOM
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ 9.4 CLO
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Chapter 9 / Performance _ _ AR_BOM
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Chapter 9 / Performance Chapter 9 /
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Initially the position error falls
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values of CN are not always a relia
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crude initialisation introduces err
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9.5.3 Singer Filter Tuning The Sing
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9.6.2 CLOS Study The CLOS study sho
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Chapter 10 / Conclusions _ _ 10-2
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Chapter 10 / Conclusions _ _ 10.3 T
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Chapter 10 / Conclusions _ _ 10.7 M
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Chapter 11 / Future Research _ _ 11
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Chapter 11 / Future Research _ _
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Chapter 11 / Future Research _ _ To
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References _ _ B.4 BAZARAA M.S., SH
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References _ _ F.1 FOX J.E., “A C
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References _ _ H.5 #HULL D.G., RADK
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References _ _ L.2 LOOZE D.P., HSU
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References _ _ N.4 NABAA N., BISHOP
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References _ _ R.3 RUSNACK I., “O
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References _ _ S.15 SINGER R.A.,
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References _ _ Y.2 YUAN P., CHERN J
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Bibliography _ _ B.13 BABA Y., YAMA
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Bibliography _ _ B.40 BECKER J.C.,
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Bibliography _ _ C.33 CORTINA E., O
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Bibliography _ _ E.8 ERSHOV A.A.,
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Bibliography _ _ G.34 GUTMAN P., VE
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Bibliography _ _ H.35 HUSSAIN A.M.,
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Bibliography _ _ K.14 KATZIR S., CL
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Bibliography _ _ L.19 LEFAS C.C,
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Bibliography _ _ M.16 MAYNE D.Q., P
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Bibliography _ _ P.1 PAINTER J.H.,
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Bibliography _ _ R.32 RONG LI X., Z
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Bibliography _ _ S.47 SPEYER J.L.,
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Bibliography _ _ V.5 VIAN J.L., MOO
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Bibliography _ _ W.29 WATSON G.A.,
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Appendix A / Geometric Points _ _ 1
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Appendix A / Geometric Points _ _ 1
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Appendix B / Frames of Reference _
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ 16
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ YP
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ B
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ YB
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ Us
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ No
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _ B
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Appendix C / Axis Transforms _ _
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Appendix D / Point Mass Dynamics _
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 18-
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ ELL
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ (dx
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ Int
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 18.
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 19-
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ P S
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ 19.
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Appendix E / Earth Geometry _ _ ∂
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ 20-2
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ g : = g +
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ d −6 2
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Appendix G / Gravity _ _ 20-8
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Appendix H / Steady State Tracking
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ 22.1-2
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ Cartesia
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ Matrix P
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Appendix I / Utilities _ _ 22.1-8
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Appendix I / Utilities / General Ut
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Appendix I / Utilities / WGS 84 Tar
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Appendix I / Utilities / Point Mass
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Appendix I / Utilities / Earth, Atm
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Appendix I / Utilities / Matrices _
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Appendix I / Utilities / Quaternion
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