Régulation des populations de Nématodes gastro-intestinaux ...

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10 C. Lacroux et al. Figure 2. Local and systemic IgG and IgA responses to parasite (excretory-secretory products (ESP) of H. contortus adult worms or crude extract of L 3 (CEL 3 )) antigens, in previously-infected, primaryinfected and uninfected control sheep. A: Total mucus IgG against ESP; B: Total systemic IgG against ESP, C: Mucus IgA against ESP; D: Systemic IgA against ESP, E: Mucus IgA against CEL 3, F: Systemic IgA against CEL 3 (means and SD). a, b, c Values with no letter in common are significantly different (P < 0.05).
significant systemic CEL 3 specific IgA (Fig. 2F) or IgG (data not shown) response was observed during the study. Concentrations of mucus ESP or CEL 3 specific IgA or IgG antibodies were significantly correlated with those found in the serum (ESP specific IgG (r = 0.606, P < 0.01), ESP specific IgA (r = 0.494, P < 0.01) and CEL 3 specific IgA (r = 0.586, P < 0.01)). 3.4. Dynamics of the cellular abomasal infiltration In the abomasal mucosa of previouslyinfected sheep, eosinophils, mast cells and globule leucocytes were already present in significantly higher numbers than in primary-infected or uninfected control sheep (P < 0.01) at 3 or 7 dpc. In both challenged groups, a gradual increase of these cell populations was observed between 7 and 28 dpc. However, the cellular recruitment was delayed in the primary-infected group when compared to the previously-infected one. Eosinophil counts were higher in primaryinfected animals than those of uninfected control animals at 7 dpc, at 15 dpc for mast cells and at 28 dpc for globule leukocytes. At the end of the experiment (28 dpc), similar mucosal infiltrations (three cell types) were observed in previously-infected and primary-infected sheep (Figs. 3A, 3B and 3C). Significant correlations were established between mucosal IL-4 mRNA transcription level and recruitment of (i) eosinophils, mast cells and globule leucocytes at 3 and 7 dpc (P < 0.01), and (ii) mast cells and globule leucocytes at 15 dpc (P < 0.05). These correlations strongly suggest a relation between the Th 2-cytokine level response and intensity and the rapidity of mucosal cellular infiltration. Concerning CD3+-T cells, BLA 36+-B cells, and CD68+-monocyte/macrophage cells, no significant differences between group A, B and C animals were observed (data not shown). The CD4+/CD8+ ratio (approximately 3:1) remained similar among the three groups and stable during the course of the experiment (data not shown). Th 2 response in H. contortus infected sheep 11 Figure 3. Cellular infiltration in the abomasal mucosa (fundus): mast cells (A), globule leukocytes (B) and eosinophils (C), in previouslyinfected, primary-infected and uninfected control sheep (means and SD). For each cell type, the evaluation of cell number was performed on five randomly selected fields at high magnification (× 400). The results are expressed as the sum of five fields. a, b, c Values with no letter in common are significantly different (P < 0.05). 3.5. Impact of immune responses on parasite populations 3.5.1. Similar total worm burdens in previously-infected and primary-infected lambs No significant difference in the total worm burden was observed between
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Epg Epg 30000 25000 20000 15000 100
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Discussion générale CHAPITRE VI :
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Références bibliographiques Adams
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