Acta 93.indd - VÃ½zkumnÃ½ Ãºstav Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a okrasnÃ© ...

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Fig. 1 Amygdalus nana L. – individual with fruitAn individual was considered a ramet or a set of ramets(growing from hypocotyl – basal part of ramet) totally orpartially separated from the other ramets and sets of ramets.Individuals were selected randomly (within polycormons) inboth localities, and the selected individuals were labelled (40individuals per locality). In the Vŕšok II. Hill, the A. nanapopulation was scattered to more polycormons, therefore, welabelled the individuals within the fifth polycormons there.The dwarf almond population in the Drieňová hora NatureReserve was more or less continuous (one polycormon).Therefore, we counted the amount of flowers and fruits on theselected individuals there. The fruit set was calculated from thefound A. nana flowers and fruits, as the ratio of the developedgenerative diasporas (fruits) to reproductive organs (flowers).RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe fruit set of A. nana in the year 2007 was relatively low(2.41 %) in the Vŕšok locality and 0.89 % in the Drieňováhora (Table 1, Fig. 5). The mean of flower number in the Vŕšokwas higher (72.14) than in the Drieňová hora (23.33). Onthe selected ramets, fruit production was very low. While 21fruits were found in the Vŕšok II. hill (16 degenerated), onlyFig. 2 Amygdalus nana L. – flowering individual5 fruits were developed to mature stage in the Drieňová horaNature Reserve. However, all these fruits were degenerated.As it has been mentioned above, the genus Amygdalus isself-sterile, that means that fruit production is rare, even incase of the ones not developed completely (they finish withdeveloping in a certain phase, and dry later). In the year 2008the fruit set of A. nana increased in both localities – it reached8.06 % in the Vŕšok, and 7.28 % in the Drieňová hora (Table1, Fig. 6). It was probably caused by more favourable climaticconditions. Different ecological conditions could have beena possible source of fruit set value variability at the selectedhabitats.Similarly, Krchňavá et al. (2003) report a very low fruit setfrom the Vŕšok locality (only 0.7 %), with the fruit set valuecalculated from normally developed fruits. Also other authorsindicate low fruit set in similar species. In C. fruticosa, Ághová(2000) found a relatively low fruit set on the Pyramída hilllocality (the Tríbeč Mts.) during vegetation seasons 1997–1999 (fruit set was 0.94 to 2.87 %). The fruit set decreasedwith increasing rainfall during flowering and with increasingtemperature. Guitián et al. (1992) studied fruit set of Prunusspinosa, P. mahaleb and Crataegus monogyna in north-westernIberian Penninsula. They found a very low fruit set in thementioned species (
Table 1 Characteristics of generative reproduction of two A. nana populations: in the Vŕšok II. hill and in the Drieňová hora NatureReserve in years 2007–2008Number of flowers Number of fruits FS [%]Year Ø Min Max ∑ Ø Min Max ∑ DPV 2007 72.14 0 214 873 0.57 0 4 21 16 2.412008 26.16 1 151 968 2.11 0 15 78 70 8.06DH 2007 23.33 4 56 560 0.21 0 3 5 5 0.892008 42.68 2 127 1579 3.11 0 14 115 114 7.28V – the Vŕšok II. hill, DH – the Drieňová hora hill, Ø – average, ∑ – sum, DP – degenerated fruits, FS – fruit set: (number of flowers/number of fruits) × 100103Fruit set values [%]86428.06 7.28Fruit set values [%]2,521,510,50.892.410the Všok II. hillthe Drieová hora hill0the Všok II. hillthe Drieová hora hillFig. 5 A. nana fruit set in the Vŕšok II. hill and in the Drieňováhora in 2007Fig. 6 A. nana fruit set in the Vŕšok II. hill and in the Drieňováhora in 2008spinosa, while in case of P. mahaleb, it occurred duringflowering. Baranec (1996) studied reproductive biology offour endangered species (Rosa pimpinellifolia, R. gallica, R.arvensis and Cerasus fruticosa) during years 1992 and 1995in the Tríbeč Mts. He ascertained the lowest fruit set in R.pimpinellifolia – only 6.3 % and C. fruticosa – 2.1 %. Nofruits were developed in some years. On the other hand, thehighest fruit set (43.7 %) was found in Rosa gallica.Ďurišová et al. (2007) observed a similar variability ofVaccinium uliginosum fruit set in the Klin locality, where itreached maximum (61.76 %) in 1998 and minimum (24.88%) in 1999. According to Eliáš (2004), increasing rainfallnegatively influenced generative reproduction success ofVaccinium uliginosum in the flowering season. On the contrary,higher temperature sum enhanced probability of fruit set andthe related activity of pollinators – it contributed to successin generative reproduction under optimal microclimaticconditions.CONCLUSIONSAccording to comparative analyses performed in 2007–2008,we found that both studied local populations of the dwarfalmond (A. nana L.) showed the disparity between the flowersand fruits production. Relatively low and variable fruit set wasdependent on climatic conditions. Localisation of habitats, aswell as related ecological conditions can be some reasons offruit set value variability.AcknowledgementWe are thankful to J. Karšňáková and M. Rakovská for helpin field work. This work was supported by the projects ofMinistry of Education VEGA No. 1/0672/08 and 1/0814/09.REFERENCESÁghová, K. (2000): Reprodukčná biológia r. Cerasus fruticosa.Diplomová práca, SPU Nitra, 62 s.Bertová, L. (1992): Amygdalus L. mandľa. In Bertová, L. et al.Flóra Slovenska IV/3. Bratislava, Veda, s. 492–494, ISBN80-224-0077-7.Bogyová, M. (1982): Chránené územia okolia Štúrova.Diplomová práca, VŠP Nitra, 50 s.Baranec, T. (1995): Biodiverzita niektorých zástupcov čeľadeRosaceae L. na Slovensku. In Ochrana biodiverzity rastlín,zborník referátov z vedeckej konferencie, VŠP Nitra,s. 39–40, ISBN 80-7137-231-5.Baranec, T. (1996): Monitoring reprodukčného procesuniektorých ohrozených druhov drevín čeľade Rosaceae L.v Tríbči. Rosalia, roč. 11, s. 55–64.Baranec, T. [ed.] (1997): Experimentálne štúdium biológieohrozených druhov rastlín z aspektu ochrany ichgenofondu. Záverečná správa projektu VEGA č. 1131/94,VŠP Nitra, 66 s.Baranec, T., Poláčiková, M., Košťál, J. (1998): Systematickábotanika. SPU Nitra, 206 s., ISBN 80-967111-2-1.61
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A C T AP R U H O N I C I A N A93 20
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Tab. 3 Chemické vlastnosti substr
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Page 44 and 45: 10 Čepel listů okrouhle vejčitá
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Vědecký název Český název Če
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Hottonia palustris L. - žebratka b
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palustris Gaud. na Moravě. Diplomo
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na přírodním stanovišti. Uplatn
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také J. Holzbecher, J. Janouš a V
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Kultivar Hybridní skupina Původ B
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Acta 93.indd - VÃ½zkumnÃ½ Ãºstav Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a okrasnÃ© ...

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