The Upper Tisa Valley. Preparatory proposal for Ramsay

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Part 1.
The flora and vegetation of the Romainan and Ukrainan section
of the River Tisa valley
Concerning the flora of the Upper Tisa region, two interesting remarks should
be made: on the one hand, a great number of adventive species are advancing
upstream, and on the other the number of some boreal species decreases towards lower
altitudes. Thus, in the Upper Tisa region almost 30 species of adventive plants were
identified: Amaranthus crispus, A. deflexus, Oxalis europaea, Oenothera biennis,
Parthenocissus inserta, Eschscholtzia ciliata, Veronica persica, Ambrosia artemisifolia,
Erigeron canadensis, Xanthium italicum, X. riparium, X. spinosum, Galinsoga ciliata,
Solidago canadensis, S. gigantea, Rudbeckia laciniata, Juncus tenuis a.o. Some
adventive species ascend nearly as up as the confluence of river Chorna Tisa with
River Bila Tisa at Rahiv (e. g. Impatiens parviflora, Echinocystis lobata), and others
spread even upper along these two rivers (e.g. Polygonum cuspidatum, Epilobium
adenocaulum, Impatiens glandulifera, Erigeron annuus, Helianthus decapetalus,
Galinsoga parviflora, Sisyrinchium angustifolium).
Among the species of boreal plants which descend to low altitudes we note
Vaccinium vitis-idaea, V. myrtillus, V. oxycoccus, Andromeda polifolia, Eriophorum
vaginatum, Carex pauciflora which reach the altitude of 800 m (in the peat bog Chorne
Bahno on river Chorna Tisa), Parnassia palustris, Trollius europaeus, Moneses uniflora
which reach the altitude 500-550 m on River Bila Tisa, Carex vesicaria, C. rostrata, C.
nigra, C. flava, C. canescens, Scirpus sylvaticus a.o. which occur on the hilly
Ukrainian River Tisa section at about 200 m a.s.l. We point out, too, that Picea abies
constitutes woods by River Chorna Tisa at 800-850 m a.s.l. and isolatedly reaches 600
m a.s.l. by River Bila Tisa. Campanula carpatica may be seen at Rahiv at 430 m a.s.l.,
at Kuzij at about the same altitude. Duschekia viridis grows at Uhorski at River Bila
Tisa only at 960 m a.s.l.
The neoadventive species Heracleum caucasicum ssp. sosnovskyi (not pointed
out yet in Romania, but surely present on the right riverside of River Tisa) advenced
upwards along River Tisa from Hungary to Dilove, being relatively frequent between
Vynogradiv and Uzhgorod.
The flora of the Upper Tisa flora is seen as rich, if we take into account the
latitude at which this river flows and the research which is in an incipient stage. From
the sources of River Tisa to the confluence with River Szamos 1224 species of
cormophytae have been identified so far. In the followings we enumerate only the
aquatic and paludic species, respectively the hydrophytae, hygrophytae, and hygromesophytae
ones, representing a total of 289 species. These grow in the water of River
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