The Upper Tisa Valley. Preparatory proposal for Ramsay

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Piceetalia excelsae Pawłowski in Pawłowski, Sokołowski et Wallisch 28 Betulion pubescentis Lohmeyer et Tüxen in Tüxen 55 -Betuletum pubescentis Tüxen 37 Vaccinio-Piceetalia Br.-Bl. 39 em. K.-Lund 67 Pinion mughi Pawłowski 28 -Vaccinio myrtilli-Pinetum mughi Sill. 33 em. Soltesova 74 Robinietea Jurko ex Hadač et Sofron 80 Chelidonio-Robinietalia Jurko ex Hadač et Sofron 80 Chelidonio-Robinion Hadač et Sofron 80 -Impatienti parviflorae-Robinietum Sofron 67 Epilobietea angustifolii Tüxen et Preising in Tüxen 50 Sambucetalia Oberdorfer 57 Sambuco-Salicion capreae Tüxen et Neumann in Tüxen 50 -Salicetum capreae Schreier 55 Bidentetea tripartitae Tüxen, Lohmeyer et Preising in Tüxen 50 Bidentetalia Br.-Bl. et Tüxen 43 Bidention tripartitae Nordhagen 40 -Bidentetum tripartitae Koch 26 em. Hejnţ et al. 79 - - - - - polygonetosum hydropiperi Tüxen 37 - - - - - polygonetosum lapathifolii Felföldy 43 Galio-Urticetea Passarge et Kopecký 69 Convolvuletalia sepium Tüxen 50 Senecion fluviatilis Tüxen 50 -Cuscuto europaeae-Convolvuletum sepium Tüxen (47) 50 em. Kopecký 85 -Convolvulo-Epilobietum hirsuti Hilbig, Heinrich et Niemann 72 nom. invers. propos. Petasito-Chaerophylletalia Morariu 67 Petasition officinalis Sillinger 33 em. Kopecký 69 -Chaerophylletum cicutariae Zlatnik 28 Telekion Morariu 67 n.n. -Telekio speciosae-Petasitetum albae Beldie 67 Lamio albi-Chenopodietalia boni-henrici Kopecký 69 Rumicion alpini Klika in Klika et Hadač 44 -Rumicetum alpini Beger 22 -Trifolio-Poetum annuae Todor et Gulica 67 Plantaginetea majoris Tüxen et Preising in Tüxen 50 Agrostietalia stoloniferae Oberdorfer in Oberdorfer et al. 67 Agropyro-Rumicion crispi Nordhagen 40 -Potentilletum anserinae Felföldy 42 -Juncetum compressi Br.-Bl. ex Libbert 32 -Juncetum effusi Jonas 35 -Ranunculetum repentis Knapp 46 emend. Oberdorfer 57 -Junco-Menthetum longifoliae Lohm. 53 48
Noteworthy fauna Annotated list of animals Fish: - Salmo trutta m. fario L., Gobio uranoscopus carpatorossicus Vladykov, Cottus poecilopus Heckel.; amphibians: - Triturus montandoni Boul, T. alpestris Laur., Bufo bufo L.; reptiles: - Lacerta vivipara Jacquin; nesting birds - Cinclus cinclus L. and Motacilla cinerea Tunst.; mammals: - Sorex alpinus Schinz. At the same time, down the river, behind Rahiv, such species are more typical as Thymalus thymalus L., Gobio albipinnatus Fang., Cobitis aurata montana Vladykov, Cottus gobio gobio Heck. The density of the above mentioned species decreased drastically, however, and Triturus vulgaris L., T. cristatus Laur., Bufo viridis Laur. appear. Lacerta vivipara Jacquin is replaced by Lacerta agilis. Cinclus cinclus L. does not nest along the central section of the stream any longer. Great numbers of the birds winter there, the density of Motacilla cinerea Tunst. declines conspicuously, while the number of Motacilla alba L. increases. It should be noted that in the past there were artificial water basins in the very head of River Tisa, which were used for organizing timber rafting. These basins played an important role as spawning places for amphibians, including Red Data Book species, as well as sites for a series of hydrophilic birds - Podiceps spp., Ardea cinerea L., Charadrius spp., etc. Such basins should be reconstructed, since there are no natural lakes in the area of the Tisa headwaters. In the forests which are near the polonynas (alpine meadows) there are species interesting for the European fauna such as Elaphe longissima Laur., Aegolius funereus L., Glaucidium passerinum L., Ursus arctos L., Lynx lynx L., Cervus elaphus montanus Bot. which have survived here. Finally, the River Tisa valley is an important route for the seasonal migrations of birds, the Jablonets mountain pass with River Chorna Tisa being the most marked migration line. The mammal fauna of the Upper Tisa is rather rich and diverse. Insectivorous mammals are represented by 9 species; very notable among them are Sorex alpinus Schinz and Neomys anomalus Cabera, which have entered the Red Data Book of Ukraine. Erinaceus europaeus occurs only sporadically in the studied area. The bat fauna, though it is a numerous group of mammals in the region, is not diverse in the River Tisa plain. Practically, only Myotis daubentoni Kuhl., Plecotus austriacus Fischer, Nyctalus noctula Schreb. and Pipistrellus pipistrellus Schreb. were found there. Other species very rarely fly to the river plain for hunting. All bats are very useful animals, they and their habitats should be protected. Predators are represented by 13 species: Martes martes L. and M. foina Erxleb., Mustela putorius L., M. lutreola L., M. nivalis L., M. erminea L., Meles meles L., Lutra lutra L., Ursus arctos L., Canis lupus L., Vulpes vulpes L., Felis sylvestris Schreb., and Lynx lynx L. Among these the mink, the stoat, the badger, the otter, the European wild cat and the lynx have entered the Red Data Book of Ukraine. Small predators and Lutra lutra L. live in the river plain more or less permanently. For the others the river plain is only hunting place. Some species, like the wolf, rarely the bear and the lynx, may sometimes cause a conspicuous detriment to the hoofed livestock and domestic animals while the otter can reduce the amount of fish. The other species 49
Page 1: TISCIA monograph series The Upper T
Page 4 and 5: TISCIA monograph series 1. J. Hamar
Page 6 and 7: The Upper Tisa Valley Preparatory p
Page 9 and 10: Foreword The basic obligations of t
Page 11: The Upper Tisa Valley Preparatory p
Page 15 and 16: Date: September 28, 1998 Country: U
Page 17 and 18: River Chorna Tisa rises in the nort
Page 19 and 20: formed here, which, along with the
Page 21 and 22: «Radyansky Karpaty» - a forest re
Page 23: - the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve
Page 26 and 27: Aspleniaceae Asplenium adiantum-nig
Page 28 and 29: S. fluviatilis Wallb. S. fuchsii Gm
Page 30 and 31: Phyteuma orbiculare l. Ph. spicatum
Page 32 and 33: E. intersita Zinserl. E. palustris
Page 34 and 35: Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Schr
Page 36 and 37: Marsileaceae Marsilea quadrifolia L
Page 38 and 39: Phleum alpinum L. Ph. hirsutum Honc
Page 40 and 41: A. subcrenata Bus. A. szaferi Pawl.
Page 42 and 43: Rh. serotinus (Schoenh.) Oborny Rh.
Page 44 and 45: Epilobietalia fleischeri Moor 58 Ep
Page 46 and 47: Caricion gracilis Neuhäusl 59 em.
Page 48 and 49: Alysso-Sedetalia Moravec 67 Alysso
Page 52 and 53: are mainly useful, since they consu
Page 54 and 55: 52 area, categorized as oligothroph
Page 56 and 57: Physical features: within the bound
Page 59 and 60: The depth of River Tisa is 1.8 - 2.
Page 61 and 62: forests. Today these forests are in
Page 63 and 64: As to the fishes, 33 species have b
Page 65 and 66: Lasting until the end of December t
Page 67 and 68: Works of consolidation were no long
Page 69 and 70: - Scientists (researchers, museum s
Page 71 and 72: -the mayoralties of Remeţi, Săpâ
Page 73 and 74: Appendix List of Vertebrates Confir
Page 75 and 76: Columba palumbus palumbus (L.) 1758
Page 77 and 78: Calidris minuta (Leisl.) 1812 - Lit
Page 79 and 80: Chart 8. Ligneous Plants from the U
Page 81 and 82: Date: September 23, 1996 Country: U
Page 83 and 84: Down from the town of Hust River Ti
Page 85 and 86: island forests and basins attached
Page 87 and 88: of that flood. A furniture factory
Page 89 and 90: programme, in accordance with which
Page 91 and 92: Krocsko Gy. - Krocsko L.: Leafy for
Page 93 and 94: Pisces Acipenseridae Salmonidae Thy
Page 95 and 96: A. albifrons Scop. Pica pica L. A.
Page 97 and 98: Conservation measures Characteristi
Page 99: Carpathians’ fauna: its present s
Page 102 and 103:
Physical features: The site is a ba
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102 Agriculture, mainly with fast-g
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Date: October 20, 1996 Country: Hun
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Salix eleagnos Iris pseudacorus Leu
Page 111:
Current scientific research and fac
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112 represented by subcontinental c
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Current recreation and tourism: The
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116 The amount of yearly precipitat
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118 References: BOGOLY, J.: Király
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120 incision characteristics, with
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122 Agriculture, mainly with fast-g
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The Upper Tisa Valley Ecological ba
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128 Figure 1
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Site 3 Situated on River Bila Tisa,
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Table 1. Median grain size of sedim
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Hydrogeographical features of the U
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Figure 2 A schematic geological map
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Basin filled with Tertiary layers.
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their mass is concerned, because th
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Figure 6. Schematic valley length s
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Figure 8. Distribution of precipita
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Figure 10 Annual mean values of pre
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Figure 12 Monthly mean values of pr
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turn, may cause inestimable floodin
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Figure 14. A map of the density of
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Figure 15 The catchment area of Riv
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Figure 16 Terraces of the mountain-
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Anyhow, terraces are important comp
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Figure 17 A schematic delineation o
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high hilly region. Its rock composi
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Figure 18 Changes of the beds of Ri
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Figure 20. Average potential evapot
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Figure 21. Forest cover of the Uppe
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The floristic distribution of the v
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Reconstruction of flora, soil and l
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Fig.1. The geographical region with
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The climate in this region has a st
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Fig.6. Location of coring site, Csa
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The next sediment layer is 298-234
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Fig.7B. Physical characteristics an
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other hand the low Sr:Ba ratio indi
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after approximately 9200 BP. The sp
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Radiocarbon analysis Four evenly sp
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Fig.9. Percentage pollen and charco
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Fig.10. Archaeological findspots ar
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Fig.11. Archaeological findspots ar
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Fig.12. Fig.10. Archaeological find
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Quercus/Ulmus/Corylus/Tilia/Fraxinu
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Edwards, K.J. 1982: Man, space and
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Sherratt, A. 1982a: The development
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Appeal to the participants of the S
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Conception for the regeneration of
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Grounds for Application The crisis-
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Table 2. Carpathian Forest Research
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from the Carpathian Biosphere Reser
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Tisa, especially in the dead branch
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Marsileaceae 7. Marsilea quadrifoli
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61. Saxifraga stellaris L.; BT (32)
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114. Andromeda polifolia L.;CT (!);
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158. Sambucus ebulus L.;UT (11); H,
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210. Iris sibirica L.; UT (28,32);
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266. Carex davalliana Sm.; BT (32,!
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Isoëto-nanojuncetea Br. -Bl. et Tx
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68. Frangulo-Salicetum cinereae Mal
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(P. 8.) Equisetum arvense L. 1753,
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(50) Ranunculus sardous Cr. 1763, H
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(231) Rosa afzeliana = dumalis Bech
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(395) Lathyrus tuberosus L. 1753, H
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(463) Parthenocissus inserta (Kern.
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(573) Galium mollugo L. 1753 et. G.
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Callitrichaceae (686) Callitriche p
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(784) Prunella vulgaris L. 1753, HT
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(894) Veronica prostrata L. 1753, H
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(1079) Rorippa X astylis (Rchb. 183
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(1222) Pulicaria dysenterica (L. 17
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(1385) Mycelis muralis (L. 1753 sub
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(1544) Chenopodium strictum Roth 18
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260 Salicetum triandrae, Glycyrrhiz
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(1730) Allium oleraceum L. 1753, HT
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(1903) Carex praecox Schreb. 1771,
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ass., Bidentetea, Echinochloo-Polyg
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- Lemno-spirodeletum W. Koch 1954,
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- Rudbeckio-Solidaginetum Tx. et Ra
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Simon, T. (1952): Montán elemek az
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etc.), H. Zapalowicz (1889; etc.),
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Figure1. Map of studied area 276 Re
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Alps. This index is twice as low fo
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B. virginianum (B. virginianum subs
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F.drymeja (F. montana) - RRL (IV) F
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Myricaria germanica (Tamarix german
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S. hispanicum (S. glaucum) - RRL (I
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Salicetum retuso-reticulatae Br.-Bl
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Domin, K. (1929 -1931): Schedae ad
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Stojko, S.- Hadaè, E.- Simon, T.-
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side tributaries of River Tisa (spe
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forests and all along the riverbed
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Porphyrellus pseudoscaber (Secr.) S
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mushrooms of the Upper Lăpuş) - T
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302
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304
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306
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Water developments and their impact
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Solovka and elsewhere with over 40
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ing dyke. Further flood defences ar
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Figure 3. The Tur/Túr catchment, f
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The impacts of the Călineşti Oaş
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Figure 5. The Crasna/Kraszna catchm
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Reservoirs Following the large floo
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Figure 7. Increase of the annual mi
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Climate and hydrology are influence
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long and 23 m high consists of a 11
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the ratio of the monthly highest an
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Groundwaters From the viewpoint of
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e wider than 100 fold (Figure 12.).
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water. The levels of total nitrogen
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the 1993 December flood on the Uppe
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Chemical water quality of the upper
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General features Results and evalua
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Figure 7. Concentrations of differe
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Figure 10. Iron and manganese conce
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Table 2. Besides aluminium and merc
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Hygienic bacteriological valuation
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Table 2. Results of the bacteriolog
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References Csépai F.(1995): Data o
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356 Material and methods Samples we
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358 References Ádámosi et al. (19
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Table 1. continued 360
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During the summer and autumn journe
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Hungarian area of River Tisa 80 spe
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Table 3. Average hydrobiological pa
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Table 5. Average hydrobiological pa
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It is necessary to note that it is
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Table 7. Saprobiological characteri
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In practice, results of classificat
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conservation of the Carpathians bio
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Table 1. continue 378
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Page 384 and 385:
Table 1. continue 382 Notes: Pl - p
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with stagnant water, which were ass
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Monchenko V.I. (1983): Noviye dlia
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Table continue 388
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Table continue 390
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Zooplankton investigations in the U
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Fig. 1. Number of Rotatoria species
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References Bancsi I. 1986.: A kerek
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Page 404 and 405:
402 Figure 1. Sampling places
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The species richness of chironomids
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A study of aquatic molluscs in the
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Table 1. Distribution of mollusc sp
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Some considerations about the rheop
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The main types of benthic associati
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The high flood of the waters in the
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References Barbosa, F.A.R., Găldea
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421
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423
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1998). Besides, Ujhelyi (1971) also
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Table 1. (B) Synopsis of the Tricho
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432 1. Distribution of some species
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Figure 3. Activity graph of six cad
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436 3. Transformation of Trichopter
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Fish fauna of the Upper Tisa Ákos
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Fam. Acipenseridae 2. Ship Acipense
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We observed this species downstream
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Fam. Siluridae 43. Sheatfish Siluru
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57. Ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus (Li
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In addition to zonation, another si
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River Danube which is probaly why t
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Table: Fishes of the Upper Tisa 453
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Data to the fish fauna of River Tis
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were put back to the water after id
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600. - Tisza-Gravel-pit pond (Milot
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Szamos (Vásárosnamény): 05.07.19
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31. Pseudorasbora parva Schlegel, 1
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46. Salmo trutta m. fario Linnaeus,
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56. Zingel zingel Linnaeus, 1758 Sz
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Dévai, Gy., Miskolczi, M., Tóth,
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Biogeographical characterisation of
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in the lack of sufficient data abou
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on the flood plain. In Bagiszeg Per
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References Bába K. (1969): Die Mal
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480 Carychium minimum (Müller, 177
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Thus, based on staying vs. migratin
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484 Table1. Species composition and
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486 Table 1. continue
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Vertebrates of the Subcarpathian se
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are active from March to November.
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Mammals/Mammalia Insectivores/Insec
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are active at nightfall and at nigh
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Artiodactyla. The roebuck sheds its
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newly planted forests and nurseries
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Contents Preface...................
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The Upper Tisa Valley. Preparatory proposal for Ramsay

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