What is HIV and AIDS?

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Although Xiao Gang liked school and enjoyed learning, he was relieved to leave school when his parents could no longer pay for his school books. It all began a few months ago. He overheard his teachers talking about some “strange disease” that was affecting people in nearby villages. People were getting sick but no-one seemed to know why. Some of the teachers debated on whether they had been involved in “bad behaviour”. Xiao Gang walked away curious but thought nothing of it. As the months went on, he watched as his parents became ill. At first, his parents began to lack energy and suffered from more colds and flus. Over time, the family realised that something was not right. Xiao Gang’s parents were not getting better. They were worried. They visited their doctor who tested their blood. The results showed that Xiao Gang’s parents were HIV positive. They did not tell anyone about this. Life continued for Xiao Gang. His parents were still sick and he helped at home and on the farm as much as he could. Villagers were beginning to notice how ill his parents were. He could hear them whispering about his family as he walked past. He saw how his family’s close friends who lived next door became distant. Before they had helped look after his siblings and helped his parents when they could. Now, they no longer come into his house. They no longer cook food to share with his family. They have told his parents that because they too are getting older, they cannot help to look after the children. The children at school have not been friendly to Xiao Gang. They have called him names and have told him that they no longer want to sit next to him or play with him because he is “dirty and diseased”. His best friend, Xiao Hu, is also afraid to be near him. Before they used to share everything, food, toys, books, but now Xiao Hu will not share anything. He will not touch Xiao Gang. He will not look at Xiao Gang. Xiao Gang is sad. He doesn’t understand why people are acting like this. He doesn’t understand why people are being so mean. When Xiao Gang finally leaves school, he is relieved. His parents used to travel to the provincial capital to get the medicines they needed but they can no longer afford to do this and are getting sicker by the day. His days are hard. Xiao Gang tries his best to look after his parents and his siblings. He works on the land to sell what little they grow at the market but people have been talking and do not want to buy the vegetables that come from the “diseased family”. They have very little money for anything. Most nights, Xiao Gang is afraid and sad. He does not know what will happen to him and his family. Who will help them? Who will look after them? He is all alone. 2
Q) What can YOU do to help? Answer: Support VSO’s work on HIV mainstreaming But what does mainstreaming mean? It means making it a part of everything that you do. That HIV is not a separate topic that you talk about once a year but is linked the work that you do everyday. This does not mean that you have awareness-raising sessions everyday but that you look more broadly at the topic and recognise ways to raise awareness and combat stigma and discrimination that is appropriate for your environment. HIV mainstreaming is a journey. It deals with sensitive areas about individual’s needs, values, attitudes and behaviours. To think that you can change this in a day is unrealistic. But over time, it is possible. It may be easy to be disheartened by the little progress seen but what should be more important is that change is happening – REAL change. This guide is to help give you some ideas about what you could do. Feel free to adapt and amend according to your environment. The guide will provide basic facts and information as well as detailed activity plans and examples. There is also an index for all the terminology used. If you have any other ideas or would like to add to this toolkit, please contact Yin Meng, HIV and AIDS Programme Support Officer – Yin.Meng@vsoint.org. 3
Page 1 and 2: VSO China HIV and AIDS Mainstreamin
Page 3 and 4: Contents Acknowledgements Contents
Page 5: Introduction: Why is HIV mainstream
Page 9 and 10: How might your religious / cultural
Page 11 and 12: Ground rules are basic rules about
Page 13 and 14: 7) Give each participant a handout.
Page 15 and 16: 10. Test for AIDS 11. AIDS testing
Page 17 and 18: What does HIV mean? Human Immunodef
Page 19 and 20: How HIV cannot be transmitted? How
Page 21 and 22: esults. Post-test counseling is to
Page 23 and 24: . Time Activity Activity 1.1: HIV a
Page 25 and 26: Sexual Activities and HIV risk No r
Page 27 and 28: . Time Activity Section 1: What is
Page 29 and 30: ut it looks for signs that the body
Page 31 and 32: . Time Activity Activity 1.5: True
Page 33 and 34: portrayals. However, HIV and AIDS a
Page 35 and 36: 8. Ask participants with mark “
Page 37 and 38: The map above shows two provinces t
Page 39 and 40: Government Response “HIV/AIDS is
Page 41 and 42: INITIAL PHASE (1985-1988) Only a sm
Page 43 and 44: The MDGs are significant because th
Page 45 and 46: Scenario A country is rapidly devel
Page 47 and 48: economic, political, social, enviro
Page 49 and 50: international travel. Emphasise tha
Page 51 and 52: education = limited job opportuniti
Page 53 and 54: . Time Activity Activity 4.1: HIV a
Page 55 and 56: Detecting and treating STDs reduces
Page 57 and 58:
stigma and incorrect moral judgment
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. Time Activity Section 5: Stigma a
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. Time Activity 10 minutes 1. Ask p
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. Time Activity Activity 5.5: Diffe
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Power, Resources, Opportunities Sta
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people—and this is a source of st
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How they felt when they were asked
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• If you ‘label’ someone what
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Definitions Sex - Refers to the bio
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who have sex with males and male se
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last activity will deepen understan
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Time Activity Activity 6.2: Balance
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“HIV mainstreaming is a process o
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support the sensitisation process i
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efore embarking on organisational c
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We get support from professional HI
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We make HIV information available t
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Case Studies Rwanda: As a result of
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Section 8: Different approaches to
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. Time Activity Section 9: HIV and
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Character Briefing Notes Scenario 1
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the process and get an understandin
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and non-verbal communication is ver
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Briefing Notes for the Managing Dir
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Case Studies All the organisations
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For organisations - including a rev
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1. What is HIV? a) a virus b) a fun
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1. What is HIV? a) a virus 2. Can i
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http://iiep.tomoye.com/ev.php (IIEP
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Action Aids website has lots of use
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Kissing
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Shaking Hands
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From a toilet seat
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Insect Bite
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WORLD AIDS DAY 2008-12-01 Annex 5:
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Sharing cutlery
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Which of these people have HIV/AIDS
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AIDS A: Acquired I: Immune D: De
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The Awareness of HIV/AIDS is more a
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The government started in 2004 with
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It’s important to know how you ca
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Photo: Yin Meng Annex 6: What is De
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Photo: Yin Meng Annex 8: What is De
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Photo: Yin Meng Annex 10: What is D
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Chlamydia A bacterial infection of
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types, 30 of which are sexually tra
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Hepatitis B Virus A viral infection
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Does the organisation have focal po
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该组织具有HIV工作重点(foca
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2) What is the awareness level of H
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contact details for VCT, a copy of
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6) How are people living with HIV (
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8) What is the current monitoring a
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Annex 15: HIV Workplace Policy PPT
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Why do we need a policy? “We cann
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What can a policy include? ILO guid
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Steps to developing a policy 1. Sta
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1. Christian Aid 2002 - mainstream
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3. NGOs in Uganda - Stop AIDS Now!
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4. Heineken in Africa • Has lots
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Learnings from these case studies 1
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Summary In China, it may be that mo
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Annex 17 Term AIDS (Acquired Immuno
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one may see the virus referred to a
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Risk reduction The process of adopt
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艾滋病及其他医疗词汇政
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射精 ejaculation 阻碍因素 hin
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疟疾 malaria 田园镇人民政
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不育 sterility 感染者支持小
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5. Do you think a person who has AI
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19. Describe the mainstreaming acti
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Asian Development Bank (2006) Gende
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What is HIV and AIDS?

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