What is HIV and AIDS?

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Before you begin mainstreaming Before embarking on HIV and AIDS mainstreaming activities in your placement, it is important to first understand the local context. This does not have to involve a formal assessment, but it is important to spend time understanding what the gaps are, how much support is available for HIV mainstreaming work, attitudes towards HIV and any support/resources both financial and technical that are available locally that you can draw upon. This can be done informally in the first few months, as you begin to familiarise yourself with the local environment and your role. 1) Key Questions to Assess Yourself Questions Issues and Activities Do you feel comfortable talking It is ok not to feel comfortable conducting the training and openly with men/boys and activities yourself. Consider using colleagues or people from women/girls about sexual and health other organisations. You can facilitate external trainers and matters? speakers and make materials available. How well do you speak Chinese or Discussion of sensitive or sexual issues is better conducted the local language? in people’s first language. If you work with a national volunteer, you can facilitate sessions together or alternatively ask colleagues to support the discussion. In some cases, people may feel more comfortable speaking with a foreigner about these issues and can be more open. You can decide the best approach to use once you have assessed the environment. Do you have enough knowledge You can use this manual as a starting point as well as the list about HIV & AIDS and related of websites for more information. You can also use the VSO sexual health issues, or at least Moodle site and contact the HIV and AIDS team at the have access to such information? Programme Office for technical support. There may be local organisations, that can support you and government agencies like the Centre for Disease Control (CDC) and local health bureaus. There is a lot of information out there. Don’t feel pressured to be an expert, do what you feel you are comfortable with and ask for external support if needed. How much time can you allocate to Decide on how much time you can realistically dedicate to HIV and AIDS mainstreaming? HIV mainstreaming work. Can you support the organisation in holding a World AIDS Day event? Or a longer term commitment such as developing and delivering training with your colleagues? Who is your target group? Do you Work with people that you will have an on-going relationship have contact with a particular group of people e.g. students, women, farmers, nurses, teachers etc? with and experience of working with. 4
How might your religious / cultural / ethnic background influence your ideas on HIV, AIDS and related issues? Do you have support from the leaders/management? Self-awareness is important in ensuring activities are conducted in a non-judgmental manner. Without support from leaders and management, mainstreaming HIV will be very difficult. It may even cause tension in your relationships with colleagues if they feel this is not your role. That is why it is so important to understand the local environment. Encourage discussions with leaders and management before embarking on activities. Talk through any concerns they may have and ensure that if activities are being planned, they are consulted and included. (Source: Adapted from the VSO Tanzania HIV and AIDS Mainstreaming Manual, 2006) 2) Points to agree with management So, once you have the commitment and support from management, it is time to begin. It is good to ensure that HIV mainstreaming activities are not just VSO volunteer-led activities. If possible, it is best to work with a colleague that has shown interest to the work and wants to help co-facilitate. Before you begin, the following points must be agreed upon with management: What the activity is expected to achieve. What topics will be covered. The number of days and the number of hours a day people will attend. Who the participants will be. Where the course will be held and what facilities will be available to you. 3) Things to consider when deciding on activities Questions Issues and Activities Who will help you co-facilitate the session? It is best to have a local counterpart to co-facilitate activities with. It helps to overcome the language barrier. Also, ensures there is ownership of the mainstreaming work by the organisation. They can also give valuable insight into the local culture. What do people already know and what are the gaps? One of your first activities could be supporting the development of a knowledge, attitudes and behaviour survey. Confidentiality is a paramount here as people will be disclosing their personal opinions. The survey could also include questions on what type of work they would like to be involved in and what information they want to 5
Page 1 and 2: VSO China HIV and AIDS Mainstreamin
Page 3 and 4: Contents Acknowledgements Contents
Page 5 and 6: Introduction: Why is HIV mainstream
Page 7: Q) What can YOU do to help? Answer:
Page 11 and 12: Ground rules are basic rules about
Page 13 and 14: 7) Give each participant a handout.
Page 15 and 16: 10. Test for AIDS 11. AIDS testing
Page 17 and 18: What does HIV mean? Human Immunodef
Page 19 and 20: How HIV cannot be transmitted? How
Page 21 and 22: esults. Post-test counseling is to
Page 23 and 24: . Time Activity Activity 1.1: HIV a
Page 25 and 26: Sexual Activities and HIV risk No r
Page 27 and 28: . Time Activity Section 1: What is
Page 29 and 30: ut it looks for signs that the body
Page 31 and 32: . Time Activity Activity 1.5: True
Page 33 and 34: portrayals. However, HIV and AIDS a
Page 35 and 36: 8. Ask participants with mark “
Page 37 and 38: The map above shows two provinces t
Page 39 and 40: Government Response “HIV/AIDS is
Page 41 and 42: INITIAL PHASE (1985-1988) Only a sm
Page 43 and 44: The MDGs are significant because th
Page 45 and 46: Scenario A country is rapidly devel
Page 47 and 48: economic, political, social, enviro
Page 49 and 50: international travel. Emphasise tha
Page 51 and 52: education = limited job opportuniti
Page 53 and 54: . Time Activity Activity 4.1: HIV a
Page 55 and 56: Detecting and treating STDs reduces
Page 57 and 58: stigma and incorrect moral judgment
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. Time Activity Section 5: Stigma a
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. Time Activity 10 minutes 1. Ask p
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. Time Activity Activity 5.5: Diffe
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Power, Resources, Opportunities Sta
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people—and this is a source of st
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How they felt when they were asked
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• If you ‘label’ someone what
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Definitions Sex - Refers to the bio
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who have sex with males and male se
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last activity will deepen understan
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Time Activity Activity 6.2: Balance
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“HIV mainstreaming is a process o
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support the sensitisation process i
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efore embarking on organisational c
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We get support from professional HI
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We make HIV information available t
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Case Studies Rwanda: As a result of
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Section 8: Different approaches to
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. Time Activity Section 9: HIV and
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Character Briefing Notes Scenario 1
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the process and get an understandin
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and non-verbal communication is ver
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Briefing Notes for the Managing Dir
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Case Studies All the organisations
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For organisations - including a rev
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1. What is HIV? a) a virus b) a fun
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1. What is HIV? a) a virus 2. Can i
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http://iiep.tomoye.com/ev.php (IIEP
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Action Aids website has lots of use
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Kissing
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Shaking Hands
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From a toilet seat
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Insect Bite
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WORLD AIDS DAY 2008-12-01 Annex 5:
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Sharing cutlery
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Which of these people have HIV/AIDS
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AIDS A: Acquired I: Immune D: De
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The Awareness of HIV/AIDS is more a
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The government started in 2004 with
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It’s important to know how you ca
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Photo: Yin Meng Annex 6: What is De
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Photo: Yin Meng Annex 8: What is De
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Photo: Yin Meng Annex 10: What is D
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Chlamydia A bacterial infection of
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types, 30 of which are sexually tra
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Hepatitis B Virus A viral infection
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Does the organisation have focal po
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该组织具有HIV工作重点(foca
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2) What is the awareness level of H
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contact details for VCT, a copy of
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6) How are people living with HIV (
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8) What is the current monitoring a
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Annex 15: HIV Workplace Policy PPT
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Why do we need a policy? “We cann
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What can a policy include? ILO guid
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Steps to developing a policy 1. Sta
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1. Christian Aid 2002 - mainstream
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3. NGOs in Uganda - Stop AIDS Now!
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4. Heineken in Africa • Has lots
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Learnings from these case studies 1
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Summary In China, it may be that mo
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Annex 17 Term AIDS (Acquired Immuno
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one may see the virus referred to a
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Risk reduction The process of adopt
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艾滋病及其他医疗词汇政
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射精 ejaculation 阻碍因素 hin
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疟疾 malaria 田园镇人民政
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不育 sterility 感染者支持小
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5. Do you think a person who has AI
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19. Describe the mainstreaming acti
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Asian Development Bank (2006) Gende
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