PNNL-13501 - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

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• DNA Fingerprinting. We developed automated DNA microarrays for detecting and characterizing environmental microorganisms. • Carbon Sequestration. We identified methods for deep ocean sequestration of carbon dioxide, methods for injecting carbon dioxide into deep geologic formations, and computational tools for analyzing carbon distributions in the atmosphere. • Scalable Computer Algorithms. We developed high-performance, scalable computer algorithms for analyzing multiphase atmospheric processes. We also developed mathematical techniques for large-scale data archive and scientific data management. • Aerosol Analysis Mass Spectrometry. We modified a conventional laser desorption ion trap mass spectrometer for chemical analysis of aerosol particles. This system is being tested at the Hanford Site as a method to analyze samples and detect potential tank leaks more quickly and at lower cost. • Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells Improvements. Our scientists are improving the chemical, thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical processes in solid-oxide fuel cells. These advances are needed to improve performance and to reduce the costs of producing power for both stationary and mobile systems. We are optimizing fuel cell stack design to minimize the thermo-mechanical stress within ceramic components. We are also developing, fabricating, and testing a thick, porous anode that is compatible with other solid-oxide fuel cell components. • Nano-Scale Materials Technology. We discovered and characterized new nanocrystalline metal oxide materials. We developed and tested novel photocatalysts grown as copper oxide quantum dots on anatase substrates for applications such as hydrogen production. We produced molecular beams to synthesize and characterize nanoporous magnesium oxide thin films with high surface areas. • Remote Surveillance of Weapons of Mass Destruction. We developed agent technologies for registering and calibrating satellite surveillance photos to extract new information from surveillance photography. We also developed infrared sensing, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization with time-of-flight spectroscopy, and software tools for correlating remote measurements of chemical releases from weapons facilities with other intelligence data to identify and monitor weapons production activities. Project Metrics Another way that the Laboratory evaluates LDRD productivity is through analyzing project accomplishments. The output metrics collected include the following: Metric Number Value Client Follow-on Funding $26.5M This metric demonstrates the relevance of projects to Department of Energy missions and priorities. Awards 1 This indicator helps determine the strength in developing and transferring relevant technologies that are valued by the technical community. Publications 131 Publication in the open scientific literature is an indicator of scientific productivity and quality as well as external recognition. New Hires and Post-Doctoral Fellows Copyrights, Inventions, and Patents Filed or Granted 129 This metric is an indicator that the Laboratory is building its capabilities and is expanding its staff resources. 82 These metrics indicate progress, innovation, and leading-edge development in science and technology. The protection of intellectual property provides the opportunity for technology developed at the Laboratory to be used by the Department. Peer Review and Self-Assessment xv
Summary Each national laboratory must ensure that its LDRD program provides outstanding value and return on investment. Performance reviews ensure that research funds are used for their intended purposes and result in value to the Laboratory, to the Department of Energy, and the nation. Peer review and other components of our self-assessment processes help the Laboratory measure the performance of the LDRD program. Through self-assessment, the Laboratory can manage the program effectively and implement lessons learned where improvements are needed. We analyze our performance and return on investment by tracking and analyzing tangible measures of accomplishment. xvi FY 2000 Laboratory Directed Research and Development Annual Report
Page 1 and 2: Laboratory Directed Research and De
Page 3 and 4: Laboratory Directed Research and De
Page 5 and 6: Computational Science and Engineeri
Page 7 and 8: Policy and Management Sciences Asse
Page 9 and 10: Introduction Department of Energy O
Page 11 and 12: 5. After reviews by the Technical a
Page 13 and 14: • The Technical Council peer revi
Page 15: methods applicable to combustion, s
Page 19 and 20: Study Control Number: PN0004/1411 A
Page 21 and 22: Table 1. Positive and negative ions
Page 23 and 24: m/z Arbitrary Units Figure 1. Mass
Page 25 and 26: introduce low-volatility compounds
Page 27 and 28: arrangement, but the charge is reta
Page 29 and 30: two liquid chromatographic gradient
Page 31 and 32: Integrated Microfabricated Devices
Page 33 and 34: Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Io
Page 35 and 36: Molecular Beam Synthesis and Charac
Page 37 and 38: temperature distribution of the des
Page 39 and 40: expected to result in significant a
Page 41 and 42: Study Control Number: PN99069/1397
Page 45 and 46: Seuss DT and KA Prather. 1999. “M
Page 47 and 48: Analysis of Receptor-Modulated Ion
Page 49 and 50: laboratory (Lu and Xie 1997; Lu et
Page 51 and 52: Automated DNA Fingerprinting Microa
Page 53 and 54: Comparison of 4 Xanthomonas Isolate
Page 55 and 56: Approach Hematopoietic (bone marrow
Page 59 and 60: Anti-Human lgG Human lgG Protein G
Page 61 and 62: Characterization of Global Gene Reg
Page 63 and 64: PCR products for immobilization on
Page 65 and 66: identify novel proteins of importan
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Immunoprecipitaton of tyrosinephosp
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Coupled NMR and Confocal Microscopy
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In the optical microscopy image, th
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Development and Applications of a M
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Figure 3. Hepa-1 cells undergoing a
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cellular processing (such as post-t
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8. Initial demonstration of an off-
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expression systems for several year
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accumulation of protein products, i
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Study Control Number: PN00039/1446
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Fungal Conversion of Agricultural W
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Fungal Conversion of Waste Glucose/
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Summary and Conclusions We demonstr
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are shown in Figure 1(a) and 1(b),
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Anchorage-Independent Growth (% con
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selection of seedlings demonstratin
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NMR-Based Structural Genomics Micha
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Solution-State Structure and Fold-C
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Plant Root Exudates and Microbial G
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98 99 100 6 7 10 3 1 12 11 15 16 17
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Summary and Conclusions • The gre
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Jones-Oliveira JB, JS Oliveira, HE
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• securely moves files to a targe
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Plenary invited lecture, “The Ele
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Figure 1. X3DGEN tetrahedral mesh o
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Figure 5a. OSO volume rendering of
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Development of Models of Cell-Signa
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SOS p 23 EGFR Professor Rodland at
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Oliveira JS, JB Jones-Oliveira, and
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Figure 2. Associating a dataset mar
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to 1) incorporate three-dimensional
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shown in Figure 1. Simulated result
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HostBuilder: A Tool for the Combina
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Invariant Discretization Methods fo
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Graphics, Inc., workstation. The co
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Mixed Hamiltonian Methods for Geoch
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guyanaite, and grimaldiite (see Fig
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in the Environmental Molecular Scie
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Simulation and Modeling of Electroc
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Summary and Conclusions We implemen
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Since the implementation of the gen
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asis of previous performance, perce
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Bioinformatics for High-Throughput
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Summary and Conclusions In previous
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User Cat - Supervisor (client) Anal
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The second goal was to research way
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Figure 1. A visualization technique
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and interactions. The flexibility o
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Figure 4. A filtered version of Fig
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Development of Modeling Tools for J
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Figure 2. Schematic of experimental
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Integrated Modeling and Simulation
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 1. Results o
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Thurman DA. August 2000. Collaborat
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MARC Input initial m esh and result
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(Johnson 1999; Colligan 1999; Gould
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Modeling of High-Velocity Forming f
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Global divergence error 1 10 -14 0
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that users were unlikely to appreci
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Earth System Science
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the lateral extent of the plume so
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Biogeochemical Processes and Microb
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Analyses of populations of viable a
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The first task was to establish fiv
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purged for 2 minutes. The gas sampl
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developing code architecture to min
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Berkowitz, CM. June 2000. “Atmosp
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environmental monitoring, 2) portab
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corresponded to a current density o
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Enhancing Emissions Pre-Processing
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Environmental Fate and Effects of D
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nitrogen and unpredictable eutrophi
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Figure 1. Ordinary kriging of 2 m d
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precipitation of calcite occurred i
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Interrelationships Between Processe
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phenanthrene resistant fraction con
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injection of an immiscible gas phas
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still some key kinetic issues that
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Application of a Crop Model The res
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The Nature, Occurrence, and Origin
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Particle number concentration, 1/cm
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geometry optimized AlOOH and FeOOH
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allowable parameters using thermody
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TCE + 3H + + 3Fe 2+ Fe)=> acetylene
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Use of Shear-Thinning Fluids for In
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concentration of 0.5% AMX was the m
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Roberts AL, LA Totten, WA Arnold, D
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tetra-scale computing, envisioned a
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Energy Technology and Management
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Figure 2. Setup for the second expe
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phase. The algorithms will be teste
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[Pb-212]/[Pb-212] final 100 10 1 0.
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Plasma Particle Dielectric Fiber El
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(species, sub-species, and sex), sp
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Figure 3. Relative risk of bone and
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Development of a Preliminary Physio
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Development of a Virtual Respirator
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Figure 3. Use of the chest cavity a
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Examination of the Use of Diazolumi
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Indoor Air Pathways to Nuclear, Che
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Source Building Release Observed re
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To illustrate the potential impact
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Non-Invasive Biological Monitoring
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Materials Science and Technology
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Figure 1. (a) - (c) Successive magn
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Component Fabrication and Assembly
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Development of a Low-Cost Photoelec
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elaxations, indicating the adequacy
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Promising chemical durability, as m
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Study Control Number : PN98028/1274
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High Power Density Solid Oxide Fuel
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Hybrid Plasma Process for Vacuum De
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Matson DW, PM Martin, WD Bennett, J
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We showed the proof-of-principle ap
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Bandgap Energy (eV) 2.9 2.85 2.8 2.
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Ultrathin Electrolyte Test Results
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Detailed Investigations on Hydrogen
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identified low energy step structur
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Development of Novel Photo-Catalyst
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-2 -1 Energy (eV) 0 1 2 Cu2O SrTiO3
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Here, we perform adsorption and des
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exceed those in the all-metal devic
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Intensity (a.u.) 0 100 200 300 400
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integrated voltage (V) 0.10 0.08 0.
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The first step was to implement thi
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Spontaneous Formation of Cu2O Nano-
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Actinide Chemistry at the Aqueous-M
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Figure 5. Close-up atomic force mic
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to 300°C and 400°C. Unfortunately
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Summary and Conclusions Transmutati
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Advanced Calibration/Registration T
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Figure 1a. Violet filter Figure 1b.
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Autonomous Ultrasonic Probe for Pro
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containing nitrous oxide, an optica
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Chemical Detection Using Cavity Enh
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Figure 3 is a color rendered simula
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appropriate study has been performe
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Exploitation of Conventional Chemic
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Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the impa
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enefits of using a modified spread-
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Single Channel Signal 0.0025 0.0020
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Therefore, in order to extract the
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A next-generation technology is nee
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Wind Dir. Figure 2. Negative ion co
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Volumetric Imaging of Materials by
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amplitude and peak frequency change
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Figure 3. 13 C NMR spectrum of corn
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Approach Two flow loops, one that o
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Modification of Ion Exchange Resins
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Permanganate Treatment for the Deco
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minimized by medium exchange. After
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Figure 1. Thermogravimetric analysi
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Validation and Scale-Up of Monosacc
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Concentration (g/100g solution) Con
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Analysis of High-Volume, Hyper-Dime
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ecent figure of merit values. Shoul
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Probabilistic Methods Development f
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a) Traditional PCA-based process co
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Acronyms and Abbreviations 2-D two-
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PNNL-13501 - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

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