PNNL-13501 - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

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MARC Input initial m esh and results MARC (forming) CDF-to-NWGrid Translator CDF-to-MARC (input) Translator MARC Output (t19) User Routine Output NWGrid Input MARC (joining) stress/ strain data geometry Enhanced MARC-to-CDF Translator NWGrid modified mesh and remapped results Forming Results (CDF) NWGrid Output MARC Output (t19) results ? User Routine Output material properties etc. Enhanced MARC-to-CDF Translator NWGrid-to-CDF Translator Modified Mesh (CDF) Remapper Forming Results (CDF) Remeshed Forming R esults (CDF) Figure 7. Complete schematic of finite element analysis, data transformation, remeshing/remapping, and data storage steps involved in Test Problem 3 Design and Manufacturing Engineering 185
Study Control Number: PN00062/1469 Joining of Dissimilar Materials for Lightweight Automotive Richard Davies, Mohammad Khaleel, Darrell Herling, Danny Edwards The automotive industry is working continually to develop and apply technology that reduces the weight of its product, thus minimizing the fuel consumption and environmental impact of future vehicles. We are developing materials and associated technologies for potential use in future automotive applications. The results of this research indicate that the optimum next generation automobile will likely be a hybrid material structure. A critical enabling technology for the production of hybrid material vehicles is the joining of dissimilar materials. This project focused specifically on developing technical capabilites in the area of joining of dissimilar materials for automotive structures. Project Description The automotive industry is focused on the overall reduction of vehicle weight to ultimately reduce fuel consumption and vehicle emissions. We are developing materials and associated technologies for potential use in future automotive applications. The results of this research indicate that the optimum next generation automobile will likely be a hybrid material structure. A critical enabling technology for the production of hybrid material vehicles is the joining of dissimilar materials. This work specifically focused on developing technical capabilites in the area of joining of dissimilar materials for automotive structures. This project will focus on friction stir welding to address relevent future material joint combinations. The work focused on dissimilar cast and wrought aluminum alloys, aluminum-magnesium, and metal matrix composites joints. The associated solutions to these emerging automotive and heavy vehicle needs will help meet the requirements of the next generation hybrid material automotive structures. Introduction The automotive industry, aerospace industry, and the United States military have expended a tremendous amount of effort to investigate and develop new materials for applications that improve the quality and reduce the weight and costs of their respective products. Current and past efforts have developed many substantially different materials, and have dramatically increased the need for the joining of unique and dissimilar materials. Many of these new and dissimilar materials may not be practically or reliably joined via classical welding and mechanical fastening methods. Therefore, the ultimate assembly of future hydrid material transportation and military products must rely on advanced and substantially more complex 186 FY 2000 <strong>Laboratory</strong> Directed Research and Development Annual Report joining methods. This work focused on developing technical expertise with experimental and modeling capabilities for joining of dissimilar materials. The friction stir welding technique developed and patented by The Welding Institute uses a rotating and translating mechanical probe that advances through a joint to create a bond. A schematic of the friction stir welding process is shown in Figure 1. The friction stir welding process is a simple process that relies only on the energy of the rotating welding head to produce the weld. No additional external power is input into the system and the heating, stirring, and friction welding of the two materials creates the bond. Friction stir can be used for joining many types of materials and material combinations, if tool materials and designs can be found that operate at the forging temperature of the work pieces. Most efforts developing this process have focused on the joining of aluminum and its alloys. The process has been proven to weld 2000, 5000, 6000, and 7000 series aluminum alloys Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the friction stir welding process
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Laboratory Directed Research and De
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Laboratory Directed Research and De
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Computational Science and Engineeri
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Policy and Management Sciences Asse
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Introduction Department of Energy O
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5. After reviews by the Technical a
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• The Technical Council peer revi
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methods applicable to combustion, s
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Summary Each national laboratory mu
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Study Control Number: PN0004/1411 A
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Table 1. Positive and negative ions
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m/z Arbitrary Units Figure 1. Mass
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introduce low-volatility compounds
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arrangement, but the charge is reta
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two liquid chromatographic gradient
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Integrated Microfabricated Devices
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Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Io
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Molecular Beam Synthesis and Charac
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temperature distribution of the des
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expected to result in significant a
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Study Control Number: PN99069/1397
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Seuss DT and KA Prather. 1999. “M
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Analysis of Receptor-Modulated Ion
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laboratory (Lu and Xie 1997; Lu et
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Automated DNA Fingerprinting Microa
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Comparison of 4 Xanthomonas Isolate
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Approach Hematopoietic (bone marrow
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Anti-Human lgG Human lgG Protein G
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Characterization of Global Gene Reg
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PCR products for immobilization on
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identify novel proteins of importan
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Immunoprecipitaton of tyrosinephosp
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Coupled NMR and Confocal Microscopy
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In the optical microscopy image, th
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Development and Applications of a M
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Figure 3. Hepa-1 cells undergoing a
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cellular processing (such as post-t
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8. Initial demonstration of an off-
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expression systems for several year
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accumulation of protein products, i
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Fungal Conversion of Agricultural W
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Fungal Conversion of Waste Glucose/
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Summary and Conclusions We demonstr
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are shown in Figure 1(a) and 1(b),
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Anchorage-Independent Growth (% con
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selection of seedlings demonstratin
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NMR-Based Structural Genomics Micha
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Solution-State Structure and Fold-C
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Plant Root Exudates and Microbial G
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Summary and Conclusions • The gre
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Jones-Oliveira JB, JS Oliveira, HE
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• securely moves files to a targe
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Plenary invited lecture, “The Ele
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Figure 1. X3DGEN tetrahedral mesh o
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Figure 5a. OSO volume rendering of
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Development of Models of Cell-Signa
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SOS p 23 EGFR Professor Rodland at
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Oliveira JS, JB Jones-Oliveira, and
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Figure 2. Associating a dataset mar
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to 1) incorporate three-dimensional
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shown in Figure 1. Simulated result
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HostBuilder: A Tool for the Combina
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still some key kinetic issues that
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Application of a Crop Model The res
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The Nature, Occurrence, and Origin
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Particle number concentration, 1/cm
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geometry optimized AlOOH and FeOOH
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allowable parameters using thermody
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TCE + 3H + + 3Fe 2+ Fe)=> acetylene
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Use of Shear-Thinning Fluids for In
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concentration of 0.5% AMX was the m
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Roberts AL, LA Totten, WA Arnold, D
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tetra-scale computing, envisioned a
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Energy Technology and Management
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Figure 2. Setup for the second expe
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phase. The algorithms will be teste
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[Pb-212]/[Pb-212] final 100 10 1 0.
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Plasma Particle Dielectric Fiber El
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(species, sub-species, and sex), sp
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Figure 3. Relative risk of bone and
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Development of a Preliminary Physio
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Development of a Virtual Respirator
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Figure 3. Use of the chest cavity a
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Examination of the Use of Diazolumi
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Indoor Air Pathways to Nuclear, Che
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Source Building Release Observed re
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To illustrate the potential impact
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Non-Invasive Biological Monitoring
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Materials Science and Technology
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Figure 1. (a) - (c) Successive magn
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Component Fabrication and Assembly
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Development of a Low-Cost Photoelec
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elaxations, indicating the adequacy
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Promising chemical durability, as m
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Study Control Number : PN98028/1274
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High Power Density Solid Oxide Fuel
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Hybrid Plasma Process for Vacuum De
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Matson DW, PM Martin, WD Bennett, J
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We showed the proof-of-principle ap
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Bandgap Energy (eV) 2.9 2.85 2.8 2.
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Ultrathin Electrolyte Test Results
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Detailed Investigations on Hydrogen
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identified low energy step structur
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Development of Novel Photo-Catalyst
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-2 -1 Energy (eV) 0 1 2 Cu2O SrTiO3
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Here, we perform adsorption and des
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exceed those in the all-metal devic
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Intensity (a.u.) 0 100 200 300 400
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integrated voltage (V) 0.10 0.08 0.
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The first step was to implement thi
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Spontaneous Formation of Cu2O Nano-
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Actinide Chemistry at the Aqueous-M
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Figure 5. Close-up atomic force mic
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to 300°C and 400°C. Unfortunately
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Summary and Conclusions Transmutati
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Advanced Calibration/Registration T
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Figure 1a. Violet filter Figure 1b.
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Autonomous Ultrasonic Probe for Pro
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containing nitrous oxide, an optica
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Chemical Detection Using Cavity Enh
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Figure 3 is a color rendered simula
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appropriate study has been performe
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Exploitation of Conventional Chemic
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Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the impa
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enefits of using a modified spread-
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Single Channel Signal 0.0025 0.0020
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Therefore, in order to extract the
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A next-generation technology is nee
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Wind Dir. Figure 2. Negative ion co
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Volumetric Imaging of Materials by
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amplitude and peak frequency change
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Figure 3. 13 C NMR spectrum of corn
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Approach Two flow loops, one that o
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Modification of Ion Exchange Resins
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Permanganate Treatment for the Deco
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minimized by medium exchange. After
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Figure 1. Thermogravimetric analysi
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Validation and Scale-Up of Monosacc
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Concentration (g/100g solution) Con
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Analysis of High-Volume, Hyper-Dime
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ecent figure of merit values. Shoul
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Probabilistic Methods Development f
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a) Traditional PCA-based process co
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Acronyms and Abbreviations 2-D two-
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