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PNNL-13501 - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

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nitrogen and unpredictable eutrophication phenomena.<br />

Additional research on the environmental effects of ocean<br />

disposal of CO2 is needed to determine whether the<br />

potential costs related to marine eco-system disturbance<br />

and disruption can be justified in terms of the perceived<br />

benefits that may be achieved by delaying global warming<br />

for a few hundred years.<br />

References<br />

Capone DB. 2000. “The marine microbical nitrogen<br />

cycle.” Microbial Ecology of the Oceans, David<br />

Kirchman, ed., John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.<br />

Caulfield JA, DI Auerbach, EE Adams, and HJ Herzog.<br />

1997. “Near field impacts of reduced pH from ocean CO2<br />

disposal.” Energy Convers. Mgmt. (Suppl.), 38:S343-<br />

S348.<br />

Falkowski PG, RT Barber, and V Smetacek. 1998.<br />

“Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean<br />

primary production.” Science 281:200-206.<br />

220 FY 2000 <strong>Laboratory</strong> Directed Research and Development Annual Report<br />

Herzog HJ, EE Adams, D Auerbach, and J Caulfield.<br />

1996. “Environmental impacts of ocean disposal of<br />

CO2.” Energy Convers. Mgmt. 37(6-8):999-1005.<br />

Houghton J. 1997. Global warming: The complete<br />

briefing. Cambridge University Press, 2 nd edition.<br />

Libes SM. 1992. An introduction to marine<br />

biogeochemistry. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.<br />

Rayner S and EL Malone, editors. 1998. Human choice<br />

and climate change. Volumes 1-4, Battelle Press,<br />

Columbus, Ohio.<br />

U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science and Office<br />

of Fossil Energy. 1999. Carbon Sequestration Research<br />

and Development. DOE/SC/FE/1, Washington, D.C.

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