Fruits and Vegetables in Vietnam - International Food Policy ...

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5.2 Processed fruits The main forms of processed fruit are juice, candied fruit, jams, dried fruit, and some canned fruit. Fruit syrup is also being produced and sold in Vietnam. A large choice of fruit juices is available in supermarkets, as well as in many smaller shops. Examples include apple, orange, pineapple, litchi, rambutan, peach, and mango juice. The most common fruit juices are orange, apple and mixed fruit juices, which are available from a variety of brands. There are two dominant domestic brands and a number of imported brands. In addition, there is an increasing number of highquality specialized fruit juices produces domestically. Clearly, the domestic marked leader in that field is Vinamilk, followed by Delta. These companies market a range of juices including somewhat more exotic types such mango juice, guava juice, and sour sop juice. Sweetened fruit juice drinks in cans are mainly imported from Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore, though a few domestic products are also available. Domestically produced fruit-flavored yoghurt drinks are available mainly in supermarkets. A large choice of canned and jarred fruits is available in shops and supermarkets. Though the majority of these products are imported, there are a few domestically produced canned and jarred products. Domestic products included canned apricots, litchi, rambuttan, cherry and pineapple. Candied and dried fruits are very popular in Vietnam, and are sold in market stalls, shops and in supermarkets. Candied fruits include apricot, plum, star fruit, mandarin, apple, canari, pumpkin, coconut, jackfruit, and banana. Equally, a large variety of dried fruits, in varying qualities though, is available: persimmon, longan, litchi, apple, strawberry, jackfruit, banana and many others. Most if the candied and dried fruits are produced domestically. Only a small selection of dried fruits such as prune, apricot, and apple are imported. These are imported from China, France and Australia. Fruit jam, mainly sold in supermarkets, is largely imported, though the number of domestically produced jams seems to be increasing. The largest domestic producer appears to be Les Vergers du Mekong, offering a variety of fruit jams such as strawberry, plum, pineapple, guava, raspberry, pomelo, mandarin, and papaya. A few small shops also sell home-made jams made from pineapple, plums, oranges, and other fruit. Fruit syrups are produced domestically and include mainly products made from orange, grape, strawberry, pineapple, litchi, rambuttan, apple and peach. Only one domestic brand was available in supermarkets and in a few shops. 5.3 Processed vegetables Most of the processed vegetables are canned or pickled, though a few juiced and some dried vegetables are available, too. Popular canned vegetables include baby corn, sweet corn, mushroom, bamboo shoot, baby cucumber, mixed vegetables, and green peas. Those products are produced domestically, with Vegetexco being a main supplier, as well as imported from a number of countries. Local manufacturers mainly can mushrooms, bamboo shoots, baby corn, and sweet corn, imported Chapter 7. Fruit and vegetable consumption in Vietnam Page 7-12
ands, but additional products can be found as well such as mixed vegetables, green peas, a large variety of beans, and asparagus. Most canned tomato products found in local shops and supermarkets are imported. While supermarkets normally carry a large selection of canned vegetables, a good selection is also available in many smaller and medium size shops. Availability of pickled vegetables is increasing. Several smaller shops, as well as most supermarkets, offer a variety of mainly domestically produced and often newly introduced pickled vegetables. Products include baby corn, mushroom, bamboo shoot, baby cucumber, and eggplant. Most pickled vegetables are local brands, though a few imported brands, mainly from China and Japan, are also available, but only in a few supermarkets. Tomato juice produced by Vinamilk is available in most supermarkets. Other vegetable juices (e.g. carrot juice) were not seen during the survey. Imported carrot juice was available in supermarkets only. With the exception of products such as garlic, onion, and mushrooms, dried vegetables were rare. However, dried and candied ginger is rather popular in Vietnam, and it is available in market stalls, as well as in supermarkets. Frozen vegetables are available only in limited quantities and in a limited range of products. Only a few products such as sweet corn, green peas, and some legumes, could be found. While most of these products are imported from different European countries and Australia, a few products are also being produced domestically. The most common domestic frozen vegetable products were frozen legumes from a producer in Dalat. However, these products are available only in a few supermarkets and some specialized up-marked shops. 6 Summary Fruits and vegetables are consumed by virtually all households in Vietnam. All households in the 1998 Vietnam Living Standards Survey report vegetable consumption. Over 90 percent report fruit consumption in all household groups except the poorest household category (83 percent of which consume fruit) and among households in the Northern Uplands (79 percent). Per capita consumption of fruits and vegetables is 71 kg, roughly three-quarters of which are vegetables. The annual value of fruit and vegetable consumption (including home consumption) is VND 126,000 per person or VND 529,000 per household. This represents about 4 percent of the household budget. Fruit and vegetable consumption patterns are influenced by local production patterns. for example, beans, kohlrabi, and cabbage being more widely consumed in the North, while mangoes, bananas, oranges, and other fruit are more widely consumed in the South. Chapter 7. Fruit and vegetable consumption in Vietnam Page 7-13
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Fruits and Vegetables in Vietnam: A
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Ta Minh Tuan SOFRI Data collection
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Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introd
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Chapter 5: Characteristics of fruit
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List of Tables Table 2-1: Trends in
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Table 5-7: Proportion of processors
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List of Figures Figure 2-1: Growth
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Chapter 1 Introduction This is the
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quality. In addition, they may face
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This, in turn, creates an incentive
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definition is also convenient becau
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Chapter 2 Patterns and trends in fr
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south, and different varieties of l
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fruits and vegetables. Because of t
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2.2 Characteristics of fruit and ve
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and to fruits, for which the corres
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2.4 Input use How widespread is the
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• The calculations do not take in
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Figure 2-6. Change in the percentag
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1993, the share of output sold was
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Table 2-1: Trends in planted area o
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Page 47 and 48:
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Table 2-7: Trends in gross value of
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Table 2-10: Plan for fruit and vege
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Table 2-12: Percentage of rural hou
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Table 2-14. Distribution of farm ho
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Table 2-17: Share of fruit and vege
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Table 2-19: Share of growers sellin
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Table 2-21: Percentage of fruit and
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Table 2-23: Percentage of fruit and
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Table 2-25. Gross and net revenue f
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Table 2-27. Gross and net revenue f
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Table 2-29. Comparison of fruit and
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1 Introduction Chapter 3 Commercial
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2.4 Sources of revenue Survey respo
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that year, with similar patterns by
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The most popular tomato varieties a
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5.2 Culling of fruit Trees The majo
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Producers in Ha Noi, however, have
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The amount of manure used by dragon
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Producers generally do not rent sto
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For longan and litchi producers the
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contractors while 97 percent said t
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Box 3-3. Lam Dong farmers face risk
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percent had access to a telephone,
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9.3 Quality of Extension Organizati
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10.2 Credit sources As Table 3-40 s
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these laborers account for about ha
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Table 3-1 Sample Locations and Prod
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Table 3-6 Sources of revenue by reg
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Table 3-10 Profitability of Househo
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Table 3-12 Planting Profile for Cro
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Table 3-14 Production Profile for S
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Table 3-16 Fruit and Vegetable Mana
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Table 3-18 Propagation Methods for
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Table 3-22 Production, Sales, Consu
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Table 3-27 Sales of Fruit And Veget
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Table 3-32 Proportion of Crop Affec
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Table 3-36 Extension services provi
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Table 3-39 Credit Usage by Region R
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1 Introduction Chapter 4 Fruit and
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elated activities. The large differ
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traders (16.2). Wages paid by expor
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Figure 4-1. Percentage of traders r
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The average exporter was a member o
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About 85 percent of fruit and veget
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Only 17.0 and 28.7 percent of trade
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domestic traders. In the South, onl
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traders used refrigerated trucks to
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price information in domestic and i
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The average trader in employed 47 w
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Table 4-3. Percentage of traders us
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Table 4-6. Sources of post-startup
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Table 4-10. Types of post-harvest a
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Table 4-13. Types of post-harvest a
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Table 4-15. Characteristics of meas
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Table 4-19. Organizations that insp
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Table 4-23. Prevalence and characte
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Table 4-25. Characteristics of prof
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operating expenses, and profits of
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The daily wage varies from VND 34 t
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processors wanting to access more l
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private farms and traders, together
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processors taking no action to ensu
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The most common types of processed
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while 18 percent use a closed shed,
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Only 12 percent of the processors s
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all of the lending institutions (VN
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The main reason cited by processors
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11.2 Perceived level of Competition
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Despite the fact that processors ut
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Table 5-3. Distribution of manager
Page 190 and 191: Table 5-9. Distribution of function
Page 192 and 193: Table 5-14. Percentage of processor
Page 194 and 195: Table 5-21. Capacity utilization (%
Page 196 and 197: Table 5-27. Proportion of sales to
Page 198 and 199: Table 5-33. Percent of processors r
Page 200 and 201: Table 5-38. Revenue and costs for d
Page 202 and 203: Table 5-40. Value added and asset r
Page 205 and 206: 1 Introduction Chapter 6 Fruit and
Page 207 and 208: Like other exports, fruit and veget
Page 209 and 210: Figure 6-1. Trend in exports of fru
Page 211 and 212: As a result, China is the largest e
Page 213 and 214: short distance, belonging to AFTA,
Page 215 and 216: In September 1999, the government i
Page 217 and 218: Of course, expanding exports cannot
Page 219 and 220: The past five years, there has been
Page 221 and 222: Table 6-1: Trends in fruit and vege
Page 223 and 224: Table 6-3: Destination of Vietnames
Page 225 and 226: Table 6-5. Composition of Vietnames
Page 227 and 228: Table 6-7. Fruit tariff reduction s
Page 229 and 230: 1 Introduction Chapter 7 Fruit and
Page 231 and 232: the case of kohlrabi, which is cons
Page 233 and 234: Figure 7-2. Consumption of fruits a
Page 235 and 236: The results of the demand analysis
Page 237 and 238: Of the ten categories of fruits and
Page 239: 5 Retail marketing of fruits and ve
Page 243 and 244: Table 7-1. Summary of fruit and veg
Page 245 and 246: Table 7-4 . Per capita consumption
Page 247 and 248: Table 7-8. Share of consumption fro
Page 249 and 250: Table 7-12. Determinants of Demand
Page 255: Table 7-24. Comparison of fruit and
Page 258 and 259: In recognition of the marketing pro
Page 260 and 261: was obliged to cover its cost with
Page 262 and 263: The company has a staff of 200 work
Page 264 and 265: Given this background, it would be
Page 266 and 267: 4 Plant protection Plant protection
Page 268 and 269: attitudes toward pesticide risk, th
Page 270 and 271: options are understood, the final s
Page 272 and 273: gave them the contacts and marketin
Page 274 and 275: 7 Summary and conclusions The insti
Page 276 and 277: combination of random testing in th
Page 278 and 279: just over half (54 percent) of the
Page 280 and 281: government institutions, particular
Page 282 and 283: The average gross revenue among the
Page 284 and 285: smaller processors experienced a gr
Page 286 and 287: household category (83 percent of w
Page 288 and 289: growers, forcing them to improve ef
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The government should facilitate pr
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countries are becoming increasingly
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Bibliography ANZDEC/IFPRI/Lincoln.
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Vietnam News Service. 2001. “Grow
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