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Advanced Building Skins Figure 3: Vertical section of the flush standard office façade facing north and south - 4 - External glazing laminated safety glass Shadowbox Triple glazed unit Interstitial space as Closed Cavity Sun protection louvers with daylight redirection Dried air supply (circular duct)
Advanced Building Skins 1.5 Closed-Cavity-Engineering, Further Advantages In addition to the named advantages of a Closed-Cavity-Façade there are further essential advantages compared to conventional single or double layer façades. But there are also technical challenges that need to be solved design wise jointly with the manufacturer and the façade planning team. The second part of this lecture will deal with another project example, the Marina Tower, and will discuss how a ventilated cavity double layer façade can be optimised in terms of sustainability. 1.6 Delicate, Slender Facade Profiles By omitting operable windows which require double profiles, the façade profiles themselves can be designed much more slender (by approx. 50 %!!), because they only need to hold fixed glazing elements. Visually they are connected almost flush to the glazing surface, which leads to an aesthetically much more pleasing design. 1.7 Facade Cleaning Costs Cut in Half The decisive disadvantage of a regular double layer façade compared to a single layer façade is the fact, that a double layer façade also features double the surfaces of glass that need to be cleaned. Depending on the site of the building this needs to take place two or three times a year. But not so in the case of a Closed-Cavity-Façade. Because the interstitial space of the façade cannot and doesn’t need to be opened, the internal surfaces do not need cleaning … just as is the case in a regular single layer façade … but even better, the sun shading system, e.g. in the form of slender aluminium louvers in light colours, does not need any cleaning ever. If one calculates these savings in cleaning costs over a 25-year life span of a large building, this accumulates, depending on the size of the project, to significant numbers in the area of 7 digit Euro sums. A Closed-Cavity-Façade is of course predestined for countries or cities with strong air borne pollution, such as major cities in Asia and the booming regions of China, where façade cleaning twice or three times a year is not sufficient. Tasks to be solved in the Closed-Cavity-Approach The lack of condensation needs to be ensured When designing a Closed-Cavity-Façade special care needs to be taken during the planning and production phase, to achieve a much tighter interstitial space or cavity than is usually necessary in a normal façade. Even with the utmost care this might not be possible ... a façade is not a Swiss watch. To ensure the lack of any condensation a system of tiny stainless steel pressurized air ducts is installed, supplying the cavity by means of a capillary system with constantly cleaned and dried air at a small surplus pressure. This way a permanently conditioned cavity zone is ensured with a very low and safe dew point during all seasons. Pressurizing elements is a viable and well proven approach, which ideally supplies the pressurized air from a central plant. Weather data and necessary dried air supply is controlled electronically, ensuring a low energy input. Vertical air distribution in shafts and horizontal supply routes in stainless steel are maintenance free. Each façade element can be adjusted individually in its air supply, even retrospectively, by means of its corresponding capillary system. 1.8 Technical Mock-up’s and Long Term Trials To double check all technical solutions of the façade element in a scientific way and to eliminate any risks, the client of the F. Hoffmann-La Roche project commissioned two separate 1 to 1 scale mockup’s to two different façade contractors prior to awarding the contract, and the elements have been tested thoroughly. These tests have been carried out by the most renowned independent German testing centres. Amongst others, the lack of condensation in the façade has been tested in correlation with the supplied air volumes and in correlation with the air tightness of the façade In addition long-term tests have been carried out successfully, e.g. a 20.000 fold lowering and raising of the sun shading system under cavity conditions. The optimised louver system is stable despite of - 5 -
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advanced building skins 14 | 15 Jun
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Editorial advanced building skins -
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ABS_07 Lucio Blandini Timo Schmidt
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Prof. Dr.nat.techn. Oliver Englhard
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Advanced Building Skins Figure 3: A
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2.2 Geometrical Processing Advanced
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3 Digital Data Advanced Building Sk
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4 References Advanced Building Skin
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Advanced Building Skins 2 The Creat
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Advanced Building Skins The next st
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Advanced Building Skins The Kilden
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2.1 Maintenance Advanced Building S
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4.2 Fire Protection Advanced Buildi
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7 Acknowledgements Advanced Buildin
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2 Cable-Stayed Glass Façade Advanc
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Advanced Building Skins The outer s
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4.1 Schüco Aluminium Window System
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10 References Advanced Building Ski
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3.2 Method Advanced Building Skins
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Insulation material Glass wool boar
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3 Examples 3.1 Reiss Façade, Londo
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a) A.3a. Selection of segments A.4a
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5 Connecting Methods Advanced Build
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5 Innovative Material Use 5.1 Struc
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8 Conclusion Advanced Building Skin
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2.2 Contact Materials Advanced Buil
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3.1 Rectangular Glass Fins Advanced
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5 Conclusion Advanced Building Skin
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