advanced building skins 14 | 15 June 2012 - lamp.tugraz.at - Graz ...

•c) Integration
method
Advanced Building Skins
•a) System inputs •b) Load inputs
m u u
c
u u
k
u
F (t )
•d) Outputs
Figure 15: Structure of a dynamic equilibrium equation for a system with one dof [15]
One mayor aspect of the software is the realistic consideration of the resistant function of laminated
glass, as shown in figure 16. Here four different components can be identified:
1) During the first phase, the resistance function shows a nearly linear trend, guided by the
fragile performance of the glass
2) Then, with the failure of the first slab of glass, the resistance collapses suddenly and the
second phase takes over in which the second slab of glass effectively determines the overall
resistance
3-e) When the second slab of glass breaks, the “package” deformation of the layers of PVB ensues.
First of all, the resistance offered acts within the elastic field with a nearly linear branch
3-p) Finally, once the yield strain has been reached, we enter the field of large-scale membrane
deformation, i.e. the area where most of the blast wave energy must be dissipated.
Figure 16: Progressive phases of the behaviour of laminated glass [15]
The further development of the software allows now the analysis of complex façade systems with
double or triple glazing (including laminated glass), plastic hinges in mullions and transoms, and
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