advanced building skins 14 | 15 June 2012 - lamp.tugraz.at - Graz ...
advanced building skins 14 | 15 June 2012 - lamp.tugraz.at - Graz ...
advanced building skins 14 | 15 June 2012 - lamp.tugraz.at - Graz ...
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Advanced Building Skins<br />
The outer skin is made of a system of co<strong>at</strong>ed extruded aluminum profiles, developed by Pinical. It<br />
adopts solutions typically used in the ship <strong>building</strong> industry. The profiles are joined through a malegasket-female<br />
system and are connected to a steel secondary structure through adjustable screwed<br />
connections. The profile curv<strong>at</strong>ure was mainly achieved by bending the profiles on site along their<br />
longitudinal axis. The width has been set to 125 mm and therefore suitable for site-warping without<br />
visually detectable tessell<strong>at</strong>ion. Double curved roof elements showing small bending radii were prebended<br />
in longitudinal direction and additionally warped on site. This system allows to gener<strong>at</strong>e <strong>advanced</strong><br />
double curved <strong>skins</strong> without prior thinning the m<strong>at</strong>erial through plastic deform<strong>at</strong>ion. The analysis<br />
of the Gaussian curv<strong>at</strong>ure on a 3D surface model helped identifying the critical zones around the<br />
skylights and <strong>at</strong> the backside of the roof.<br />
Figure 6: Analysis of Gaussian curv<strong>at</strong>ure on the 3D surface model. (Werner Sobek Stuttgart)<br />
The roof has been designed to withstand high temper<strong>at</strong>ures without any expansion joints through a<br />
system of movable and adaptable supports. It is fully flo<strong>at</strong>ing but fixed <strong>at</strong> certain points along two axes,<br />
thus allowing thermal expansion in all directions. The roof temper<strong>at</strong>ure was assumed to reach up to<br />
80°C on a sunny summer day and -20°C in winter. Taking a temper<strong>at</strong>ure difference of 100 K into consider<strong>at</strong>ion,<br />
the maximum thermal movement will be 3 cm <strong>at</strong> the roof edges. The node details therefore<br />
have to allow the roof surface to slide up to 6 cm in longitudinal and transversal direction. It was indispensable<br />
during install<strong>at</strong>ion to constantly measure the temper<strong>at</strong>ure and fix the roof to the nodes according<br />
to the surface temper<strong>at</strong>ure. Beside the sliding ability, the node detail can adapt to the different<br />
roof inclin<strong>at</strong>ions and is adjustable in height. This allowed utilizing only one typical detail to bridge the<br />
different heights arising between the segmented support surface (steel structure, insul<strong>at</strong>ion and w<strong>at</strong>erproofing<br />
layer) and the smooth outer surface.<br />
Figure 7: L-profile sub-structure (left). Node point with <strong>at</strong>tached L-profiles and aluminum surface (right)<br />
(Werner Sobek Stuttgart)<br />
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