advanced building skins 14 | 15 June 2012 - lamp.tugraz.at - Graz ...
advanced building skins 14 | 15 June 2012 - lamp.tugraz.at - Graz ...
advanced building skins 14 | 15 June 2012 - lamp.tugraz.at - Graz ...
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Advanced Building Skins<br />
The overall environmental life cycle performance for all insul<strong>at</strong>ion m<strong>at</strong>erials shows a positive<br />
environmental impact. The environmental payback time for PH-<strong>skins</strong> with EPS is about 6 to 10 years<br />
compared with LEH-<strong>skins</strong>. Shorter payback times can be achieved by altern<strong>at</strong>ive insul<strong>at</strong>ion m<strong>at</strong>erials<br />
e.g. mineral wool, wood fiber or flax boards.<br />
Environmental impact d<strong>at</strong>a of different LCA-d<strong>at</strong>abases show significant differences for all<br />
investig<strong>at</strong>ed insul<strong>at</strong>ion m<strong>at</strong>erials. A major reason for these differences are different methodological<br />
approaches for environmental credits considering energy recovery <strong>at</strong> end-of-life and considering CO2<br />
intake by photosynthesis for biogenic m<strong>at</strong>erials. These environmental credits are not included in<br />
Ecoinvent d<strong>at</strong>a. Further reasons for varying impact values are different production processes, different<br />
additives and different electrical energy mixes.<br />
Therefore the comparison of insul<strong>at</strong>ion m<strong>at</strong>erials can produce different results depending on the d<strong>at</strong>a<br />
source for environmental impacts. Taking the energy savings of the oper<strong>at</strong>ion phase into account, the<br />
differences of LCA-d<strong>at</strong>abases shift the payback time for greenhouse gas emissions and nonrenewable<br />
primary energy by about 1 to 4 years for the investig<strong>at</strong>ed housing est<strong>at</strong>e Mühlweg-C.<br />
The transparent <strong>building</strong> skin in PH standard has a significant positive contribution for the oper<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
phase of the <strong>building</strong>. There is a lack of LCA d<strong>at</strong>a for PH windows and big variety of suitable<br />
windows. Nevertheless, the results of the comparison of different windows show th<strong>at</strong> the frame<br />
m<strong>at</strong>erial has the most importance for the ecological impact (of window production and disposal) and<br />
full solid timber frames seem to be one of the best solutions regarding the environmental life cycle.<br />
Regarding the impact on the overall environmental life cycle performance, d<strong>at</strong>a for a virtual reference<br />
housing est<strong>at</strong>e of the same construction period was used [4]. The improvement by the oper<strong>at</strong>ion phase<br />
amounts about <strong>14</strong> %. The additional ecological effort to produce, maintain and dispose PH-insul<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
is about 1 % for EPS-<strong>skins</strong>. But the environmental improvement for the whole life cycle is about 2 %.<br />
Wood fiber insul<strong>at</strong>ion improves the whole life cycle performance by about 5 %.<br />
Regarding the total LCA of housing est<strong>at</strong>es the differences of LCA-d<strong>at</strong>a for insul<strong>at</strong>ion m<strong>at</strong>erials cause<br />
a small but noticeable vari<strong>at</strong>ion of the results. With d<strong>at</strong>a of Ecoinvent, the nonrenewable energy<br />
demand and greenhouse gas emissions are about 1 % higher in case of EPS insul<strong>at</strong>ion and about 3 %<br />
higher in case of wood fiber insul<strong>at</strong>ion. Nevertheless, the overall environmental life cycle performance<br />
for all insul<strong>at</strong>ion m<strong>at</strong>erials shows a positive impact and improves the total balance by about 1-2 %.<br />
4 References<br />
[1] Treberspurg, M., Smutny, R., Ertl, U., Grünner, R., Neururer, C., Keul, A.: Nachhaltigkeits-Monitoring<br />
ausgewählter Passivhaus-Wohnanlagen in Wien. Project NaMAP. Vienna: Viennese housing research,<br />
2009.<br />
[2] Treberspurg, M., Smutny, R., Ertl, U., Neururer, C.: Endbericht Ergebnisse Energiebilanz und<br />
Treibhausgasemissionen. Forschungsprojekt Evalu<strong>at</strong>ion der solarCity Linz Pichling. Vienna, 2010<br />
[3] OIB: Richtlinie 6. Energieeinsparung und Wärmeschutz. Ausgabe: Oktober 2011. OIB-330.6-094/11.<br />
Vienna: Österreichisches Institut für Bautechnik (OIB). Austrian Institute of Construction Engineering,<br />
2011<br />
[4] Smutny, R.: Environmental Life Cycle Analysis of Housing Est<strong>at</strong>es in Austria. in print. Proceedings of<br />
IALCCE<strong>2012</strong>. Third intern<strong>at</strong>ional Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, Vienna, Oct. 3-6, <strong>2012</strong><br />
[5] BMVBS: Ökobau.d<strong>at</strong> 2009. Berlin: Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development<br />
http://www.nachhaltigesbauen.de/baustoff-und-gebaeuded<strong>at</strong>en/oekobaud<strong>at</strong>.html, 2009<br />
[6] BMVBS: Assessment System for Sustainable Building. Administr<strong>at</strong>ion Buildings. Berlin: Federal Ministry<br />
of Transport, Building and Urban Development, www.nachhaltigesbauen.de, 2011<br />
[7] Althaus H.-J., Lehmann M.: List of ecological indic<strong>at</strong>ors for construction m<strong>at</strong>erials in Switzerland<br />
(Ökologische Baustoffliste) (v2.2e), basierend auf ecoinvent v2.2 (April 2010) (www.ecoinvent.ch), EMPA,<br />
Technology and Society Lab, Dübendorf, 2010<br />
[8] Baubook: Baubook Deklar<strong>at</strong>ionszentrale – Produktd<strong>at</strong>en und Richtwerte. Energieinstitut Vorarlberg & IBO.<br />
http://www.baubook.<strong>at</strong>/zentrale/, accessed in April <strong>2012</strong><br />
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