LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

DODGE-LICHENS AND LICHEN PARASITES 113
herbarium ex herb. Taylor sub I,. aronta4tim was described in manuscript as hecidea (Toninia)
antarctica and is here described as Tha4ntnolecanin. Churchill Rabington ap. Hook. f., Crypt.
Antarct., 232; 1845 remarks, "Specimens greener and darker than in Schaer.'~ [I,. conr~lomer-
nto], but still I thinlr referable to that species."
Perhaps the sterile thallus listed by Miiller-Argau from Betsy's Cove, Nnumann ("Gazelle"
Exp.) under Patellaria flavovirescens (Lecidea citrinella Nyl.) and now commonly known as
Bacidia flavovirescens (Dicks.) Aiizi v. citrinella (Nyl.) Vainio may ,also belong here.
Growing with Lecidea Urba?skya?za, Pertwariu cineraria, Aspici!ia disjlrngztenda, A. endo-
chlora, Lecanora sp. and Aspicitiopsis nlacrophthalma.
Iiergnelen : Greeilland Harbour, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B177-36, B17740, B177-41; Observatory
Bay, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. Bl92-32, B192-33.
TONINIA JOHNST~N~ Dodge, sp. nov.
Type: MacRobertsoil Land, Cape Bruce, 67" 26' S., 60" 49' E., T. H. Johnston, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E.
108-7.
Thallus effigurntns, areolatus, lobis marginalibus furcatis, albus, crassiusculus; cortex fastigiatns,
gelifactus, ca. 5;TP crassitudine; stratum algarnm 50-7OP crassitudine, protococcoideum,
cellulis ad lop diametro, plus minusve verticaliter dispositis ; medulla hyphis pachydermeis,
anastomosantibns, laxe contexta. Apothecia 0.5-0-6 (-0.9) mm. diametro, nigra, disco plano,
margine nigro, subelevato, dein convex0 vel hemisphaerico ; amphithecinm deest ; parathecium ca.
501( crassitudine, hyphis periclinalibns, tenuissimis, pachydermeis, hyalinis, margine flabellatim
dispositis; hypothecium obconicum cum se,gnento sphaerico insuper, hyphis subverticalibus,
crassis, brunneis, laxe contextis, non gelifactis, circiter 4/* diametro, densius insuper contextis;
theciuin ca. 75,~ altitndine; paraphyses tenues, hyalinae, bis dichotomae super ascos, epithecio
azureo-nigro, ca. lop crassitudine, apicibns clavatis ; asci cylindrici vel clavati, apicibus non conspicue
incrassatis, 3540 X 7-8/*; ascosporae octonae, hyalinae, acicnlares, fastigiatim in ascis
dispositae, 3-cellnlares, 10-14 X 2-5p.
Thallus areolate, margin ~figurate, marginal lobes forked, white, rather thick, often mostly
developed below surface crystals (quartz) of the rock, with only the small areole and relatively
large apothecinm showing at the surface between the crystals; cortex about 55,~ thick, apparently
fastigiate, soon largely gelified, especially the outer 30~; algal layer 50-70p thick, protococcoid,
cells up to lop in diameter, arranged in more or less vertical rows and angular from mutual pressure
; medulla spongy, of very loosely woven slender, thiclr-walled, anastombsing hyphae with large
air spaces.
Apothecia 0.5-0.6 (-0.9) mm. in diameter, black, disc plane at first with slightly elevated
black margin, then very convex to hemispheric or subsphaerical; amphithecinm absent; para-.
thecium about 50p thiclr, of periclinal, very slender, thick-walled, hyaline hyphae next the thecium
and hypothecium, spreading flabellately, so that the outer 3 5 are ~ nearly perpendicular to the
surface and very dark brown; hypothecinm obconic, capped by a spherical segment becoming a
hemisphere or greater, of subvertical, coarse brown hyphae, more loosely woven and not gelified,
about 4/* in diameter, becoming a close palisade above and merging into the thecium ; thecium about
75/* tall; paraphyses slender, hyaline, about twice dichotomo'us above the asci, forming a blueblaclr
epithecium about lop thick, terminal cells clavate; asci linear to clavate, tips not conspicuously
thickened, 8-spored, 3540 X 7-8/*; ascospores hyaline, acicnlar, fastigiate, more or less
helically coiled i11 the ascns, 10-14 X 2-5p, at least three-celled.