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DODGE-<strong><strong>LICHEN</strong>S</strong> <strong>AND</strong> <strong>LICHEN</strong> <strong>PARASITES</strong> 37<br />
Actimtheciunt Fw. was based on Sagedk fuscella8 Fr., Ver-rucaria catalepta Schaer, and<br />
V, alutacea Wallr., all now included in Vmrucaria. l'ichotlzeeiuna Fw. (nom. nnd. j was proposed<br />
to include Verrucaria fvscellu~n Turn, and V. nrigrcscens Pers.<br />
E. glebulosa) are now included in Verrzrcaria.<br />
Enclbpyrenia Trev. included six species, five being pyrenocarps of which two (E. fusczrla and<br />
Thallus endo- or epi-lithic, powdery to crustose with a well developed hypothallns in the<br />
epilithic species. Perithecia immersed semi-emersed or sessile, wall either hyaline or carboilaceous,<br />
often the upper portion of different texture and breaking away i11 old specimens; ostiole simple,<br />
periphyses present or absent; paraphyses evanescent or absent; asci ovoid to ovoid-clavate,<br />
8-spored ; ascospores long ellipsoid to broad ellipsoid (rarely spherical), unicellular, usually<br />
hyaline ; spermogonia subspherical, dark, immerscd in the thallus ; spermatiophores little branched,<br />
septate, the lower cells short, the upper longer; spermatia pleurogenous, acicular, straight or<br />
curved.<br />
This large saxicolous genus is widely distributed in the cooler regions of both hemispheres,<br />
occupying a wide variety of habitats from marine forms at the shore to alpine forms on the tops of<br />
mountains. It is usually divided into three subgenera as follows:<br />
Perithecia semi-emersed to sessile, the upper portion not covered by the thallus, involucrellum<br />
usually well developed; hypothecium not extellding up the sides of the perithecium (at least<br />
not in our species) . . . . . . . . . . . . Ezcverrucamh.<br />
Involucrellum not well developed<br />
Thallus greyish olive, continuous; ascospores 20-24 X 7-lop V. kerguelensis Dodge<br />
Thallus olive, very thin or evanescent; ascospores 9 X 2-5p . . V. evanida Nyl.<br />
Involucrellum well developed<br />
Thallus umber, blackening, continuous or sometimes slightly rimulose; ascospores<br />
20-32 X 10-14p . . . . . . . . . . . . V. obfuscuta Nyl.<br />
Thallus tartareom, ashy-umber to rufescent ashy, subareolate rimulose; ascospores<br />
16-22x6-8p .. . . . . . . . , . . V. Werthi' Zahlbr.<br />
Perithecia immersed, usually completely covered by the thallus<br />
Perithecia ulithout involucrellum, wholly carbonaceous (not yet found in our area)<br />
Antphoridiunt<br />
Perithecia with well developed involucrellum; hypothecium extending up the sides of the<br />
perithecinm or not clearly differeiitiated from the perithecial wall (at least in our species)<br />
Lithoicea<br />
Thallus ashy greenish, subrimulose; ascospores 12-15 X 4-6p V. uethioboliza Nyl.<br />
- Thallus ashy fnscescent, areolate diffract; ascospores 10-15 X 7-8p V. tessellatula ~ ~ 1 .<br />
Thallus black, minutely areolate; ascospores 15-16 X 7-8p . . V. hebem Dodge<br />
Thallus thick, cartridge buff, continuous, minutely pitted; ascospores 15-18 X 7-9p<br />
V. Mazosoni Dodge<br />
VERRUCARIA (EUVERRUCARIA) KERGUELENSIS Dodge, sp. nov.<br />
Type : Kerguelen, upper part of Greenland Harbour, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B177-1.<br />
Thallus tenuis, gelifactns ubi madefactus, continuus, grieeo-olivaceus vel obscurior, indeterminatus,<br />
ecorticatus; algae palmelloideae, cellulis polyhedricis, 6-8p diametro metientibus. Perithecia<br />
ampulliformia, 220p altitudine, 180p diametro, emergenti,a, strato thalloideo 20p crassitudine<br />
dimidia parte inferiore tecta; murus perithecialis carbonace~~s, 35p crassitudine ad 70p sub<br />
hypothecio incrassatus, psendoparenchymaticus, cellulis pachydermaticis fuscis ; periphyses tenues,<br />
ad lp diametro, flexnosae, ramosae apicibus brevibus cell{~lis bacilliformibns abjunctis; hypo-
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