LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

IIODGE-LICHEN8 AND LICHEN PARABITEB 167
Growing with Aspiciliopsis ntacrophthaJnla,.
Kerguelen: Molloy Point, J. H. Kidder (US. Transit Venus Exp. i11 Tuckerman Herb. sheet
1,914 at Farlow Herbarium) ; Royal Sound, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B126-12.
Crozet Archipelago: -Possession Island, American Bay, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B20-12, BR1-1,
B31-2, B31-3.
PERTUSARIA DC.
Pertzlsaria DC. ap. Lam. & DC., F1. Franc. ed. 3,2,319; 1805.
Variola.ria Pers., Neue Ann. d. Bot., 1, 23; 1794.
Thelotrenaa Rebent., Prodr. F1. Neonlarchica 298 ; 1804 ilon Ach. 1803.
Porina Ach., K. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 158; 1809 non Ach. 1814 neque Ach, emend. Miill.-
Arg. 1883.
Porophora Meyer, Nebenstudien, 326 ; 1825.
Type: Lichen pertusus L. is the type of Pertusaria, Thelotrema, Porim and Porophora.
Variolaria was based on Lichen faginezrs L. lacteus L. and L. discoidea (L. faginea Hoffm. var. c
and a). Pertztsaria should be conserved as it has almost universal use for this group of plants
during the last century. Thelotrema, Pminn and Porophora have all been applied to other groups
of lichens.
Thallus crustose, uniform to dwarf fruticose; ecorticate or corticate with a palisade of septate,
thick-walled hyphae ; algae protococcoid, medulla loosely woven, of thin-walled hyphae. Apothecia
single or several in more or less elevated thalline warts, or sunk in thalline areoles; disc small,
punctiform, or broader when the apothecium appears lecanorine (in sect. Lecanorastrum) ; para-
thecium little developed ; thecium often subspherical ; hypothecium hyaline ; paraphyses flexuous.
dichotomously branched and anastomosing, slender, thin-walled ; asci 1-8 spored ; ascospores uni-
cellular (but multinucleate) large, hyaline or somewhat brownish, with a thiclr hyaline sheath
often in concentric layers, surface of protoplast smooth or variously roughened, with deeply stain-
ing reticula in the protoplasm ; spermatia cylindric, filiform to acicular.
Apothecia immersed in slightly convex thalline areoles with many small thecia ; discs punctiform,
black, asci 4-8-spored ; ascospores 55405 X 30-70p . . . . . . P. sztbperrimosa
Apothecia in urceolate to chiodectonoid thalline warts, 14 thecia; discs irregular; black, margins
elevated ; asci 8-spored ; ascospores 30-52 X 16-24p . . . . . . P. cineraria
Apothecia in hemispheric thalline warts, not constricted at the base
Asci 4-spored, ascospores 140-150 X 69-90p . . . . . . P. Aubmti
Asci 6-8-spored; ascospores 90-125 X 25-53p; usually 2 thecia with single dark brown disc
and crenate margin . . . . . . . . . . . . P. kergue!ana
Asci 4, rarely 6-8-spored ; ascospores 44-65 X 23-30p; usually monocarpic P. Werthii
Apothecia in lecanorine wart, constricted at the base with 34 thecia, discs punctiform, black;
asci 4-, rarely 2-spored; ascospores 54-88 X 35-45p . . . . P. ochrolechioides
PERTUSARIA SUBPERRIMOSA Nyl.
Pertsumia subperrimosa Nyl., Lich. Nov. Zeland, 68 ; 188.8.
PertusMia perrimosa Nyl. ap. Crombie, Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot., 15, 186; 1876: Jour. Bot. Brit.
For., 14, 104 ; 1877 : Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. [London], 168, 50 ; 1879 : Rept. Sci. Results Voy.
"Challenger" Bot., 1, 2, 236; 1885 non NyI.
Pertlcsaria communfis Hook. f., Cryptog., Antarct,., 234 ; 1845 : F1. Antarct., 2, 540 ; 1847 non DC.