LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

DODGSLICHENS AND LICHEN PARASITE8 ' 165
Type : Kergnelen, Observatory Bay, A. E. Eaton (Vepus Trailsit Exp.).
Thallus ashy or bluish ashy and blacltening, thin, smooth, rimulose ; algae protococcoid, cells
up to 10p in diameter, more or less angular arranged vertically in rows between medullar hyphae.
Apothecia black, flat, innate or nearly so, margin not prominent, often more or less angled and
completely covering an areole, up to 1 mm. in diameter; algal layer below the parathecium about
35p thick, of protococcoid cells 7-8p in diameter, somewhat angular, extending part way up the
sides of the parathecium, becon~iilg blaclteiled and forming a carbonaceous mass about 20-25p thick.
(This carbonaceous blackening of the edge of the areole extends to the bottom of the tliallus) ; true
parathecium hyaline of sleilder gelified, periclinal hyphae, 35p thick at the blackened margin,
thinning to about 10p between the algal layer and the hypothecium; hypothecinm, lenticular,
about 5OP thick in the centre, of closely tangled larger hyphae, passiiig into the thecium above;
thecium about 3 5 tall; ~ paraphyses slender, gelified, closely septate, repeatedly branched, ending
in thick-walled, dark brown, ellipsoidal cells, 3 X 4 ~ asci ; broadly clavate, 30-35 X 10-12~, tip
not conspicuously thickened ; ascospores 11-15 X 6-7p, hyaline, ellipsoidal.
The systematic position of this well marked species is not altogether clear. The presence of
a well-developed hyaline parathecium, blackened only at the margin, suggests distant affinities
with Lecidea, while the immersed apothecia with highly developed algal layer below the hypothecium
suggest Aspicilia, which however, neually lacks such a well developed parathecium.
On rocks with Lecidea rhizocarpiza, Rkizocarpvn kerguelsnse, Pertusuriu kerguelana,
Lecmwra atrocaesa and Buellia subplicata.
Kerguelen: Murray Island, Sta. 60, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. 530-9; Observatory Bay, Sta. 56,
B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B192-38.
ASPICILIA ENDOCHLORA (Hook. f. & Tayl.) Dodge, comb. nov.
Urceolaria endwhlara. Hook. f. & Tayl., I~ondon Jour. Bot., 3, 640; 1844: Crypt. Aiitarct., 231 ;
1845 : F1. Antarct., 2, 537 ; 1847.
Lecidea endwhlora Tuck., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 6, 59; 1875 : Bull. U.S. Nat. hfns., 3, 30; 1876
non Taylor, 1847.
Lecidea homalotera Nyl. in Crombie. Jour. Bot. Brit. For., 15, 105 ; 1877 : Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc.
[London], 168, 51 ; 1879 : Rept. Sci. Results Voy. "Challenger" Bot., 1, 2, 238 ; 1885.
Type: Kerguelen, Christmas Harbour, J. D. Hooker (Voy. "Erebus & Terror") in Taylor
Herb. Type of L. homdotera segregated from material from same locality and collector deter-
mined as Urceolaria andochlora at Kew. The following description is based on the type in the
Taylor Herb., previously studied and annotated by Tuckerman : "Lecidea ! endochlora (Taylor
sub Urceolaria 1844). Sp. 0,008-14 mm. long., 0,004-7 mm. crass. para&. agglut [inat] ae. N.B.
L. endochlora Tayl. 1847 species distinctissima = L. ictsricum, Mont. E,T. 1875." Specimen also
annotated by Miiller-Argau in 1887 : "Lecidea disjunguendu Cromb. in Jonr. of Bot. 1877, (p. iv)
Apr."
Thallus relatively thick, 370r, white or cream colour, light ochraceous buff, flecked with cin-
namon brown [or even neutral grey in recent specimens], determinate, rimulose, margin thinner
than in Lecanora atrocaesia, K yellow fuscescent, I-, surrounded by a greyish or black line up to
1 mm. broad; cortex 35-4OP thick, of agglutinated hyphae 23p in diameter, heavily
incrusted with very small crystals, giving an opaque olivaceous appearance in section; algal
layer 90p thick of discrete colonies of Protococcus 1, cells ellipsoidal, 7 X 4p separated by
strands of vertical hyphae similar to those of the cortex, or stained brownish ; medulla of closely
woven, slender, encrusted hyphae, enclosing rock crystals. Apothecia up to 0.9 mm. in diameter